This paper presents a low-profile multi-slotted patch antenna for long term evolution (LTE) and fifth-generation (5G) communication applications. The studied antenna comprised of a stepped patch and a ground plane. To attain the required operating band, three slots have been inserted within the patch. The insertion of the slots enhances the capacitive effect and helps the prototype antenna to achieve an operating band ranging from 3.15 to 5.55 GHz (S11 ≤−10 dB), covering the N77/N78/N79 for sub-6 GHz 5G wireless communications and LTE bands of 22/42/43/46. The wideband antenna presented in this paper offers omnidirectional stable radiation patterns, good gains, and efficiency with a compact size which make this design an ideal contender for wireless fidelity (WiFi), wireless local area network (WLAN), LTE, and sub-6 GHz 5G communication applications.

In this manuscript, the time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) on tungsten target in air and the coexistence of LTE among atoms and ions as well as the fulfillment of optically thin plasma condition are reported. The laser-induced plasma (LIP) of tungsten is generated by focusing the second harmonic of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser of pulse width ~7 ns and repetition rate of 1 Hz on the tungsten target. The temporal evolution of LIP of tungsten is recorded at four different incident laser fluences of 60, 120, 180, and 270 J/cm2. The several atomic and singly ionized lines of tungsten are identified in LIP. For the estimation of plasma temperature via the Boltzmann plot, the transitions at 430.7, 449.4, 468.0, 484.3, 505.3, and 524.2 nm of Atomic transition of tungsten (WI) and that of the ionic transitions, First Ionic transition of Tungsten (WII) at 251.0, 272.9, and 357.2 nm are selected. The electron density is estimated using the Stark-broadened profile of WI line at 430.2 nm. The McWhirter criteria for the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) condition is verified in present experimental conditions as well as the relaxation time and diffusion length are estimated to take into account the transient and inhomogeneous nature of the plasma. The optically thin plasma condition is studied by assessing the experimental intensity ratio of atomic lines and compared with that of the theoretical intensity ratio (branching ratio). The signal to noise ratio (SNR) is also obtained as a function of time with respect to laser pulse and incident laser fluence. All these observations indicate that the spectra should be recorded within the temporal window of 1–3.5 µs with respect to laser pulse where the plasma can be treated as optically thin as well as under LTE simultaneously along with the large SNR.

Cyclopropenylidene,, is a simple hydrocarbon, ubiquitous in astrophysical gases, and possessing a permanent electric dipole moment. Its readily observed multifrequency rotational transitions make it an excellent probe for the physics and history of interstellar matter. The collisional properties of with He are presented here. We computed the full Potential Energy Surfaces, and we perform quantum scattering in order to provide rates of quenching and excitation for low to medium temperature regimes. We discuss issues with the validity of the usual Local Thermodynamical Equilibrium assumption, and also the intricacies of the spectroscopy of an asymmetric top. We present the wide range of actual critical densities, as recently observed.

With the aim of performing perimeter surveillance of high-speed railway networks, this paper presents the design of a passive multistatic radar system based on the use of Long-Term Evolution (LTE) downlink signals as the illumination of opportunity. Taking into account the specifications and standard of the LTE system, the ambiguity function of measured downlink signals is analyzed in terms of range and Doppler resolution, ambiguities, and sidelobe level. The deployment of the proposed passive radar is flexible and scalable, and it is based on multichannel software defined radio receivers that obtain the reference and surveillance signals by means of digital beamforming. The signal processing and data fusion are based, respectively, on the delay-Doppler cross-correlation with the reconstructed reference signals and a two-stage tracking at sensor and central level. Finally, the performance of the proposed system is estimated in terms of its maximum detection range and simulation results of the detection of moving targets are presented, demonstrating its technical feasibility for the short-range detection of pedestrians, vehicles, and small drones.

Being connected “anywhere anytime” has become a way of life for much of the world's population. Thanks to major technological advances in internet, wireless communication, video technology, silicon manufacturing, etc., our mobile devices have become not only faster and more powerful, but also smaller and sleeker. With the popularity of rich media on the rise, the no. 1 data traffic over the mobile network is attributed to video. That is the reason why we depict the Freeman Dyson's book title “From Eros to Gaia.” Equipped with rich media capabilities, our mobile devices enable a completely different storytelling experience unlike anything the human race has experienced before. In this paper, we review the latest technological evolutions in the wireless space and in the video space, namely long-term evolution and high-efficiency video coding, respectively. We then discuss how these advanced technologies impact our way of life at present and in years to come.

In this paper, a novel design of compact wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna operating over a frequency range of 1.8–4.0 GHz at 10 dB is presented for mobile terminals. The MIMO antenna design consists of two symmetrical and orthogonal radiating elements with a small size of 15.5 × 16.5 mm2 printed on the corners of a mobile circuit board. The radiating element is composed of four meandered monopole branches with a strip-line fed by a probe. By triangularly trimming the corners of the common ground plane beneath the radiating elements, not only the mutual coupling is reduced, but also impedance bandwidth is increased. Although, the antenna in this form has sufficient correlation level between the radiating elements for MIMO operation, a novel design of plus-shaped parasitic element is inserted to the ground plane between those radiating elements in order to further enhance the isolation. The performance of the MIMO antenna is investigated in terms of s-parameters, radiation pattern, gain, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), and total active reflection coefficient (TARC), and is verified through the measurements. The results demonstrate that the proposed MIMO antenna has good characteristics of wideband, isolation, gain, radiation pattern, and is compatible with LTE, WiMAX, and WLAN, besides it is small, compact, and embeddable in mobile terminals.