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13 results

  • Chapter 2 - Brief Introduction to Ethics and Ethical Theory
  • from Section 1 - The Context of Healthcare Ethics Committee Work
  • Edited by D. Micah Hester, Toby L. Schonfeld
  • Book: Guidance for Healthcare Ethics Committees
  • Published online: 17 February 2022
  • Print publication: 10 March 2022, pp 11-19
  • View extract

    Summary

    The term “ethics” originated with the Greek term ethikos meaning habit or custom; similarly, our word “moral” arose from the Latin mos, also meaning “custom.” But ethics (which we will not distinguish from “morality”) has certainly not come to mean the description of our “accustomed habits.” In fact, ethics is what we call a “normative” endeavor, meaning that ethics is not simply descriptive but prescriptive. While there are a variety of approaches to ethics that have been offered up over the centuries, all of them attempt to speak not to how we do live and act but to how we should live and act. Given the myriad uses and conceptions of what ethics is, though, it may help to discuss several of them in order to clarify better the purpose and work of a healthcare ethics committee.

  • Chapter 1 - Introduction
  • from Section 1 - The Context of Healthcare Ethics Committee Work
  • Edited by D. Micah Hester, Toby L. Schonfeld
  • Book: Guidance for Healthcare Ethics Committees
  • Published online: 17 February 2022
  • Print publication: 10 March 2022, pp 1-10
  • View extract

    Summary

    Conrad’s case is sadly frustrating for most everyone involved, and all the while he lies in a kind of medical limbo that might stretch on for months. While everyone believes they are doing what is in Conrad’s interests, the complex family dynamics, the tragic state of Conrad’s disease, and the team’s inability to navigate all this successfully make knowing whether or not Conrad is getting the care he wants and deserves hard to determine. In addition, there are some important value conflicts that are reflected in the family’s approaches to decision-making: quality versus quantity of life, authority and resources for decision-making, and fundamental existential values may all be under debate in Conrad’s case. The atmosphere surrounding this case is charged with emotion and frustration, both for the family and the healthcare providers.

Guidance for Healthcare Ethics Committees
  • Guidance for Healthcare Ethics Committees
  • 2nd edition
  • Edited by D. Micah Hester, Toby L. Schonfeld
  • Published online: 17 February 2022
  • Print publication: 10 March 2022
  • View description
    Every accredited American hospital is required to have a process for handling ethical concerns within the institution. For the most part, hospitals satisfy this requirement by constituting an institutional healthcare ethics committee (HEC). However, many of these individuals, while well intentioned, have neither the training in ethics, nor the tools at their disposal to address properly the ethical considerations brought to them. Yet healthcare providers and patients turn to these committee members for ethical insight. This book focuses on HEC member education by providing definitive and comprehensive learning content for members of HECs. This second edition is fully updated throughout and adds new chapters that reflect the evolving nature of health care. Chapters are written by internationally recognized experts in bioethics and are directed specifically at members of HECs. Each chapter includes learning objectives, case presentations, and discussion questions to facilitate committee conversation.
  • iPLEDGE Allegiance to the Pill: Evaluation of Year 1 of a Birth Defect Prevention and Monitoring System
  • Toby L. Schonfeld, N. Jean Amoura, Christopher J. Kratochvil
  • Journal: Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics / Volume 37 / Issue 1 / Spring 2009
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 January 2021, pp. 104-117
  • Print publication: Spring 2009
  • View extract

    Following the widespread occurrence of birth defects from the use of thalidomide to treat nausea during pregnancy in the 1960s and 1970s, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) became particularly vigilant about the use of therapeutic agents during pregnancy and in women of childbearing potential. The FDA developed a list that categorizes an agent according to the known (and potential unknown) risks to a fetus. The drug thalidomide falls into Category X: agents that have demonstrated clear risk of fetal abnormalities and whose risks outweigh the benefits of use during pregnancy.

    Another Category X drug is isotretinoin, commonly known by its trade name Accutane. Isotretinoin is an oral medication prescribed for severe recalcitrant, nodular acne in patients who are unresponsive to conventional therapy. Isotretinoin has been available since 1982, and it remains the only effective treatment for this condition.