As our Bicentennial celebration of our Constitution approaches its conclusion, one is struck with what can only be called wonder by the extent of the diversity among the celebrants. There seems to be at least general agreement that we are celebrating the Constitution because it establishes by a variety of means limited government. However, in this essay I show that there is vast disagreement on the precise meaning or fundamental mark of limited government. I identify the various definitions and defenses of limited government that can be derived from our Constitution and proceed to unveil their contradictory assumptions and implications. I then proceed to present our original and fundamental definition and defense of limited government as proposed by Publius in the Federalist Papers and to explore two questions: first, whether that definition is compatible with the other limiting features of the Constitution; and, second, whether that definition can render those diverse limiting features mutually coherent.