Our investigation of waves is divided into two parts depending whether rotation of the Earth has a part to play. In the present part we limit our attention to those waves unaffected by rotation of Earth, with those waves that are influenced by this rotation investigated in Part IV. We begin our investigation in the following chapter with an introduction to – and brief survey of – the types of waves that occur on and within Earth. The simplest type of wave, the sound wave, is quantified and discussed in § 9.3. The most common type of elastic wave is the seismic wave; these waves occur continuously as the brittle portions of Earth's crust rub against one another. Seismic waves that are unaffected by Earth's surface, called body waves, are considered in § 10.1 and § 10.2, while those that affected the surface are considered in § 10.3 and § 10.4. While body waves in fluids (we are thinking of air and water) are essentially sound waves, edge waves in fluids (particularly water) are distinctly different from elastic edge waves. We investigate deep-water waves from a mathematical perspective in Chapter 11 and in § 11.5 discuss how these waves occur and interact on the oceans. The rich variety of waves occurring in shallow water is investigated in Chapters 12 and 13. Our survey of non-rotating waves concludes in Chapter 14 with an investigation of capillary, interfacial and internal waves.