Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-75dct Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-19T18:29:25.374Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

3 - Strategic rivalries and complex causality in 1914

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2014

Karen Rasler
Affiliation:
Indiana University
William R. Thompson
Affiliation:
Indiana University
Jack S. Levy
Affiliation:
Rutgers University, New Jersey
John A. Vasquez
Affiliation:
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Get access

Summary

It sometimes seems as if explaining the outbreak of war in 1914 is a holy grail for international relations specialists in war etiology. The First World War, of course, was not a minor event in the annals of international history and that helps to explain some of its allure. Its reputation as the war no one wanted also makes it something of a magnet for scholarly entrepreneurs. Explaining the inexplicable is always a worthy challenge. Moreover, the developments that transpired prior to the outbreak of war are sufficiently complicated that almost every model ever created in international relations seems to fit. Yet underlying the whole explanatory edifice is the early and continuing search for blame, its evasion, and its former implications for postwar reparations and war guilt. Which country was most responsible for bringing about the onset of the First World War? In addition, a disproportional number of the central research foci in international relations – security dilemmas, spiral dynamics, offensive–defensive arguments, crisis dynamics, alliances, arms races – stem to varying extents from interpretations of the onset of the First World War. If we get the outbreak of this “wrong” or have overlooked significant factors, we may be heading in the wrong direction in our search for general explanations of war causes.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Outbreak of the First World War
Structure, Politics, and Decision-Making
, pp. 65 - 86
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2014

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Fay, Sidney B., The Origins of the World War, rev. 2nd edn. (New York: Macmillan, 1930)Google Scholar
Albertini, Luigi, The Origins of the War of 1914, 3 vols., trans. and ed. Massey, Isabella M. (London: Oxford University Press, 1952–1957)Google Scholar
Lieber, Keir A., “The New History of World War I and What it Means for International Relations Theory,” International Security 32(2): (2007): 155–191CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, William R., “A Streetcar Named Sarajevo: Catalysts, Multiple Causation Chains, and Rivalry Structures,” International Studies Quarterly 47(3) (2003): 453–474CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, William R. (ed.), Great Power Rivalries (Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 1999)
Thompson, William R., “Identifying Rivals and Rivalries in World Politics,” International Studies Quarterly 45(4) 557–586CrossRef
Colaresi, Michael P., Rasler, Karen, and Thompson, William R., Strategic Rivalry: Space, Position and Conflict Escalation in World Politics (Cambridge University Press, 2007)Google Scholar
Thompson, William R. and Dreyer, David R., Handbook of International Rivalries, 1494–2010 (Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press, 2011)Google Scholar
Gooch, G. P., Franco-German Relations, 1871–1914 (London: Longman, Green, 1923)Google Scholar
Copeland, Dale C., The Origins of Major War (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2000)Google Scholar
Schroeder, Paul W., “The Life and Death of a Long Peace, 1763–1914,” in Vayrynen, Raimo (ed.), The Waning of Major War: Contrary Views (London: Routledge, 2005)Google Scholar
Lebow, Richard N., “Contingency Catalysts and International System Change,” Political Science Quarterly 115(4) (2000): 591–616CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, William R., On Global War: Historical-Structural Approaches to World Politics (Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 1988)Google Scholar
Ferguson, Niall, The Pity of War: Explaining World War I (New York: Basic Books, 1999)Google Scholar
Mulligan, William, The Origins of the First World War (Cambridge University Press, 2010)Google Scholar
Perrow, Charles, Normal Accidents: Living with High Risk Technologies (New York: Basic Books, 1984)Google Scholar
Russett, Bruce suggested something similar; see his “Cause, Surprise and No Escape,” Journal of Politics 24(1) (1962): 3–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
von Strandmann, Hartmut P., “Germany and the Coming of the War,” in Evans, R. J. W. and Strandmann, Hartmut P. (eds.), The Coming of the First World War (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988), pp. 140–159Google Scholar
Rasler, Karen and Thompson, William R., The Great Powers and Global Struggle, 1490–1990 (Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky, 1994)Google Scholar
Wayman, Frank W., “Bipolarity, Multipolarity, and the Threat of War,” in Sabrosky, Alan N. (ed.), Polarity and War: The Changing Structure of International Conflict (Boulder, CO.: Westview Press, 1985), pp. 115–144Google Scholar
Vasquez, John A., Diehl, Paul F., Flint, Colin, Scheffran, Jürgen, Chi, Sang-Hyun, and Rider, Toby J., “The ConflictSpace of Cataclysm: The International System and the Spread of War, 1914–1917,” Foreign Policy Analysis 7(2) (2011): 143–168CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LeDonne, John P., The Russian Empire and the World, 1700–1917: The Geopolitics of Expansion and Contraction (Oxford University Press, 1997)Google Scholar
Strachan, Hew, The First World War, vol. 1: To Arms (New York: Oxford University Press, 2001), p. 20Google Scholar
Zeman, Zbyněk Anthony Bohuslav, “The Balkans and the Coming of War,” in Evans, R. J. W. and von Strandmann, Hartmut P. (eds.), The Coming of the First World War (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988), pp. 19–32Google Scholar
McMeekin, Sean, The Russian Origins of the First World War (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2011)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mombauer, Annika, The Origins of the First World War: Controversies and Consensus (London: Longman, 2002), pp. 7–8Google Scholar
Williamson, Jr. Samuel R., The Politics of Grand Strategy: Britain and France Prepare for War, 1904–1914 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1969), pp. 4–14Google Scholar
Bosworth, R. J. B., “Italy and the End of the Ottoman Empire,” in Kent, Marion (ed.), The Great Powers and the End of the Ottoman Empire (London: Allen & Unwin, 1984), pp. 51–72, at 60.Google Scholar
Lieven, Dominic C., Russia and the Origins of the First World War (London: Macmillan, 1983), pp. 45–46CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rüger, Jan, “Review Article: Revisiting the Anglo-German Antagonism,” Journal of Modern History 83(3) (2011): 579–617CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brock, Michael, “Britain Enters the War,” in Evans, R. J. W. and von Strandmann, Hartmut P. (eds.), The Coming of the First World War (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988), pp. 145–178Google Scholar
Joll, J., The Origins of the First World War (New York: Longman, 1984)Google Scholar
Lambert, Nicholas A., Planning Armageddon: British Economic Warfare and the First World War (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tammen, Ronald L., Kugler, Jacek, Lemke, Douglas, Asharabati, Carole, Efird, Brian, and Organski, A. F. K., Power Transitions: Strategies for the 21st Century (New York: Chatham House, 2000)Google Scholar
Neiberg, Michael S., Dance of the Furies: Europe and the Outbreak of World War I (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011), pp. 58–60CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schroeder, Paul W., “A Pointless Enduring Rivalry: France and the Habsburg Monarchy, 1715–1918,” in Thompson, William R. (ed.), Great Power Rivalries (Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 1999), pp. 60–85Google Scholar
Rider, Toby J., “Understanding Arms Races Onset: Rivalry, Threat, and Territorial Competition,” Journal of Politics 71(2) (2009): 693–703CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rider, Toby J., Findley, Michael, and Diehl, Paul F., “Just Part of the Game? Arms Races, Rivalry and War,” Journal of Peace Research 48(1) (2011): 85–100CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevenson, David, Armaments and the Coming of War: Europe, 1904–1914 (Oxford University Press, 1996)Google Scholar
Herrmann, David G., The Arming of Europe and the Making of the First World War (Princeton University Press, 1997)Google Scholar
Maoz, Zeev, Terris, Lesley C., Kuperman, Ranan D., and Talmud, Ilan, “What is the Enemy of My Enemy? Causes and Consequences of Imbalanced International Relations,” Journal of Politics 69(1) (2007): 100–115CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schroeder, Paul W.’s tone in “World War I as Galloping Gertie: A Reply to Joachim Remak,” Journal of Modern History 44(3) (1972): 319–345CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×