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6 - Changing times, changing values

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

Stephen White
Affiliation:
University of Glasgow
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Summary

The Soviet Union had eventually established a public opinion research centre, and it was one of the most important of the variety of agencies that followed the public mood in the early years of the new century. It was generally economic issues that mattered most to ordinary Russians, and there was considerable support for many of the principles that had informed the Soviet system in the past, including its provision of full employment and comprehensive social welfare. Letters to the newspapers were another form of communication with the mass of the society that continued into the postcommunist period, and the authorities themselves placed an increasing emphasis on forms of interaction of this kind, in digital as well as more traditional forms. The postcommunist period had also seen the various churches take an increasingly prominent part in public life; but religious beliefs were vague and internally contradictory, and they had little direct effect on political allegiances.

Just as the Soviet Union – or so its citizens told Western television – ‘had no sex’, it also had no ‘public opinion’. Social consciousness, in the official view, was a reflection of forms of property; in a socialist society, based on public ownership, it was characterised by the ‘dominance of Marxist-Leninist ideology in every aspect of the spiritual life of citizens’. In a society of this kind, there was ‘sociopolitical and ideological unity’, and the views of workers, collective farmers and members of the intelligentsia were ‘identical on the basic questions of social development’.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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References

Balzer, Marjory Mandelstam, ed., Religion and Politics in Russia: A Reader (Armonk, NY, and London: Sharpe, 2010).
Carnaghan, Ellen, Out of Order: Russian Political Values in an Imperfect World (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2007).
Dannreuther, Roland, and March, Luke, Russia and Islam: State, Society, and Radicalism (London and New York: Routledge, 2009).
Davis, Nathaniel, A Long Walk to Church: A Contemporary History of Russian Orthodoxy, 2nd edn (Boulder, CO, and Oxford: Westview, 2003).
Garrard, John, and Garrard, Carol, Russian Orthodoxy Resurgent: Faith and Power in the New Russia (Princeton, NJ, and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2008).
Hahn, Gordon, Russia's Islamic Threat (New Haven, CT, and London: Yale University Press, 2007).
Knox, Zoe, Russian Society and the Orthodox Church: Religion in Russia after Communism (London and New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2005).
Papkova, Irina, The Orthodox Church and Russian Politics (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2011).
Rose, Richard, Russian Responses to Transformation: Trends in Public Opinion since 1992 (Aberdeen: Centre for the Study of Public Policy, University of Aberdeen, SPP 390, 2004).
Weinberg, Elizabeth, Sociology in the Soviet Union and Beyond: Social Inquiry and Social Change, 2nd edn (Aldershot and Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2004).
Wyman, Matthew, Public Opinion in Postcommunist Russia (London: Macmillan and New York: St Martin's, 1997).

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