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8 - Personality and Depression in Women

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

By
Thomas A. Widiger ,
Stephanie Mullins-Sweatt  and
Kristen G. Anderson
Edited by
Corey L. M. Keyes  and
Sherryl H. Goodman
Thomas A. Widiger
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
Stephanie Mullins-Sweatt
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
Kristen G. Anderson
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
Corey L. M. Keyes
Affiliation:
Emory University, Atlanta
Sherryl H. Goodman
Affiliation:
Emory University, Atlanta
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Summary

Everybody has a personality, or a characteristic manner of thinking, feeling, behaving, and relating to others. Some persons are typically introverted and withdrawn; others are more extraverted and outgoing. Some persons are characteristically agreeable, cooperative, and even altruistic, whereas others might be consistently argumentative, self-centered, and exploitative. The personality traits that distinguish one person from another have been shown to have substantial temporal stability, heritability, cross-situational consistency, and functional relevance to a wide variety of important life outcomes, including (but not limited to) career success, well-being, marital stability, and physical health (Pervin & John, 1999).

Personality traits are important to consider when attempting to explain gender differences in depression for two fundamental reasons. First, there is a considerable amount of research indicating that some personality traits do provide a vulnerability to the occurrence of mood disorders, and, second, these personality traits have been shown to obtain consistent gender differences.

DEPENDENCY, DEPRESSION, AND WOMEN

One of the more heavily researched personality dispositions for the development of depressive episodes is the personality trait of dependency (Clark, Watson, & Mineka, 1994). Dependency has been studied extensively within general personality research, assessed typically by the Depressive Experience Questionnaire (Blatt & Zuroff, 1992; Santor, Zuroff, & Fielding, 1997), the Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale (SAS; Robins, Hayes, Block, Kramer, & Villena, 1995), the Personality Style Inventory (Robins et al., 1995), or the Interpersonal Dependency Inventory (IDI; Hirschfield et al., 1977).

Type
Chapter
Information
Women and Depression
A Handbook for the Social, Behavioral, and Biomedical Sciences
 , pp. 176 - 198
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2006

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