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8 - Can structural magnetic resonance imaging provide an alternative phenotype for genetic studies of schizophrenia?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2010

By
Colm McDonald  and
Robin M. Murray
Edited by
Matcheri S. Keshavan ,
James L. Kennedy  and
Robin M. Murray
Colm McDonald
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
Robin M. Murray
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
Matcheri S. Keshavan
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh
James L. Kennedy
Affiliation:
Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto
Robin M. Murray
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, London
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Summary

This chapter reviews the value of structural brain deviations identified through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as potential endophenotypes in genetic studies of schizophrenia and the evidence to date that a number of specific brain deviations are linked to susceptibility genes for schizophrenia from studies of patients and their unaffected relatives. One of the earliest studies of brain structure in normal twins was a computed tomographic (CT) study of subjects from the Maudsley Twin Series. In this study, measurements of ventricular volume in normal MZ twins were much more highly correlated than those of DZ twins, indicating strong genetic control over ventricular size, with estimates of heritability for ventricular size using different methods all over 80%. Despite heterogeneous patient samples and methodologies, neuroimaging studies consistently identify subtle volumetric deviations in a range of brain structures when schizophrenia patients are compared with controls.

Keywords

brain abnormalitiesgenetic studiesheritability of brain structurestructural magnetic resonance imagingschizophreniaphenotype
Type
Chapter
Information
Neurodevelopment and Schizophrenia , pp. 138 - 155
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2004

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