Book contents
- Frontmatter
- EDITOR'S PREFACE
- PREFACE
- Contents
- LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
- CHAPTER I BELIEFS AND SUPERSTITIONS RELATIVE TO COMETS
- CHAPTER II COMETARY ASTRONOMY UP TO THE TIME OF NEWTON
- CHAPTER III THE MOTIONS AND ORBITS OF COMETS
- CHAPTER IV PERIODICAL COMETS
- CHAPTER V PERIODICAL COMETS
- CHAPTER VI THE WORLD OF COMETS AND COMETARY SYSTEMS
- CHAPTER VII PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUTION OF COMETS
- CHAPTER VIII PHYSICAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF COMETS
- CHAPTER IX MASS AND DENSITY OF COMETS
- CHAPTER X THE LIGHT OF COMETS
- CHAPTER XI THEORY OF COMETARY PHENOMENA
- SECTION I WHAT IS A COMET?
- SECTION II CARDAN'S HYPOTHESIS
- SECTION III THEORY OF THE IMPULSION OF THE SOLAR BAYS
- SECTION IV HYPOTHESIS OF AN APPARENT REPULSION
- SECTION V THEORY OF OLBERS AND BESSEL
- SECTION VI THEORY OF COMETARY PHENOMENA
- SECTION VII THE REPULSIVE FORCE A REAL PHYSICAL FORCE
- SECTION VIII THEORY OF THE ACTINIC ACTION OF THE SOLAR RAYS
- SECTION IX COMETS AND THE RESISTANCE OF THE ETHER
- CHAPTER XII COMETS AND SHOOTING STARS
- CHAPTER XIII COMETS AND THE EARTH
- CHAPTER XIV PHYSICAL INFLUENCES OF COMETS
- CHAPTER XV SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT COMETS
- I ELLIPTIC ELEMENTS OF THE RECOGNISED PERIODICAL COMETS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM
- II GENERAL CATALOGUE OF THE ORBITS OF COMETS
- Plate section
SECTION VI - THEORY OF COMETARY PHENOMENA
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 March 2012
- Frontmatter
- EDITOR'S PREFACE
- PREFACE
- Contents
- LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
- CHAPTER I BELIEFS AND SUPERSTITIONS RELATIVE TO COMETS
- CHAPTER II COMETARY ASTRONOMY UP TO THE TIME OF NEWTON
- CHAPTER III THE MOTIONS AND ORBITS OF COMETS
- CHAPTER IV PERIODICAL COMETS
- CHAPTER V PERIODICAL COMETS
- CHAPTER VI THE WORLD OF COMETS AND COMETARY SYSTEMS
- CHAPTER VII PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUTION OF COMETS
- CHAPTER VIII PHYSICAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF COMETS
- CHAPTER IX MASS AND DENSITY OF COMETS
- CHAPTER X THE LIGHT OF COMETS
- CHAPTER XI THEORY OF COMETARY PHENOMENA
- SECTION I WHAT IS A COMET?
- SECTION II CARDAN'S HYPOTHESIS
- SECTION III THEORY OF THE IMPULSION OF THE SOLAR BAYS
- SECTION IV HYPOTHESIS OF AN APPARENT REPULSION
- SECTION V THEORY OF OLBERS AND BESSEL
- SECTION VI THEORY OF COMETARY PHENOMENA
- SECTION VII THE REPULSIVE FORCE A REAL PHYSICAL FORCE
- SECTION VIII THEORY OF THE ACTINIC ACTION OF THE SOLAR RAYS
- SECTION IX COMETS AND THE RESISTANCE OF THE ETHER
- CHAPTER XII COMETS AND SHOOTING STARS
- CHAPTER XIII COMETS AND THE EARTH
- CHAPTER XIV PHYSICAL INFLUENCES OF COMETS
- CHAPTER XV SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT COMETS
- I ELLIPTIC ELEMENTS OF THE RECOGNISED PERIODICAL COMETS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM
- II GENERAL CATALOGUE OF THE ORBITS OF COMETS
- Plate section
Summary
Researches of M. E. Roche upon the form and equilibrium of the atmospheres of celestial bodies under the combined influence of gravitation, solar heat, and a repulsive force–Figure of equilibrium of a solid mass submitted to gravitation and the heat of the sun–Comets should have two opposite tails–Completion of the theory of cometary tides by the admission of a repulsive force, real or apparent–Accordance of the theory so completed with observation.
M. Edouard Roche has devoted a series of highly interesting memoirs to the discussion of the figure assumed by the atmosphere of celestial bodies under the action of the forces of the solar system. He has more particularly given his attention to the study of cometary atmospheres, and to all the phenomena which take place in and around cometary masses.
M. Roche begins by reducing the question to its simplest form. He assimilates a comet to ‘ an entirely fluid mass, sensibly homogeneous, and having no movement of rotation. ’ The forces which act upon it are the mutual attraction of its own particles and gravitation towards the sun. For such a mass to be in equilibrium under the action of these forces it must have the figure of a prolate spheroid with its centre at the centre of gravity, and its axis of revolution coincident with the radius vector from the sun.
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- The World of Comets , pp. 380 - 388Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2010First published in: 1877