With the triumph of Mehmet over his brothers a new period of Ottoman imperialism was begun. The boundaries of Bayezit's empire were restored and even expanded and the internal bases of the state were reorganized to prevent the kind of weakness that had made the defeat of Ankara and its aftermath possible.

Mehmet I, 1413–1420

Mehmet I had won in the end because he gained the support of not only Byzantium but also the more important gazi frontier leaders and Turkoman notables. To conciliate the religious leaders whose support had enabled him to triumph, Şeyh Bedreddin was dismissed and sent into exile with his family, while his replacement was nominated by the conservative ulema. His supporters among the gazi leaders, including Mihaloğlu Mehmet Bey, were exiled to Anatolia even though they abandoned him at the last minute. In accordance with the agreement with Manuel all the Byzantine territories around Constantinople and Salonica regained by Musa were restored, despite the objections of the Turkoman notables and others, and peace agreements were made with the Balkan Christian states as well as with Venice and Genoa to gain the time needed to restore Ottoman strength.

This did not prevent Mehmet from moving to eliminate from the Ottoman court the Byzantine and Christian influences that had led Bayezit to abandon the gazi tradition. The Byzantine women and advisers were driven out of the palace. Greek was replaced by Turkish and Persian as languages of administration. Emphasis was placed on the dynasty's Turkish past, and historians were subsidized to stress this in the process of writing its history.