The second of the four broad relations into which Marx divides alienation is the individual's relation to his product. This is, in Marx's words, ‘the relation of the worker to the product of labor as an alien object exercising power over him’. Between activity and product the link is clear and direct; man is alienated from his product because the activity which produced it was alienated. According to Marx, ‘the product is … but the summary of the activity, of production … In the estrangement of the object of labor is merely summarized the estrangement, the alienation, in the activity of labor itself.’ He asks, ‘How would the worker come to face the product of his activity as a stranger, were it not that in the very act of production he was estranging himself from himself?’

Man's alienation in his product can be viewed as one of the particular relations which constitute alienated activity or as a coequal general relation. If taken in the context of alienated activity, product alienation appears as a result alongside the ruination of the worker's own body and mind. However Marx, by treating product alienation on a par with alienated activity, wishes to stress its significance, some might claim its primary significance, for understanding the worker's overall alienation.