Population dynamics and socioeconomic developments during the second half of this century have had a profound impact on the aged. The substantial increase in the rate of growth of elderly populations has been accompanied by an enhanced awareness of the aged as a distinct demographic group. The rapid change in social structures with emphasis on economic development and productivity has brought about a redefinition of how the aged are characterized. The view of old age as a repository of wisdom, tradition, and cultural memories has been replaced by a conceptualization of the aged as a problematic social group. The aged have been variously described as disengaged from the community, lacking in self-esteem, sexless and unattractive, burdened by physical and mental disorders, as well as dependent and passively expecting economic and social support (Brown, 1990a).

These stereotypical notions are being challenged by a wealth of information from social scientists, psychologists, biologists, and clinical investigators working in the field of gerontology, a relatively new discipline devoted to the study of aging processes. Models of aging characterized by physical and mental decline and emotional isolation are being replaced by models that incorporate concepts such as growth, competence, successful adaptation, and personal satisfaction. Increasing attention is given to factors that promote health, prevent disease and disability, and contribute to the self-esteem and quality of life of the aged.

It is in this context that changes in societal attitudes about sexuality need to be considered. The prevailing emphasis on sex, driven in part by our youth-oriented culture, has not been without consequences for the older population.