Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-9pm4c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-27T14:59:30.904Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

9 - Hemispatial neglect

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 October 2009

By
Patrik Vuilleumier
Edited by
Olivier Godefroy  and
Julien Bogousslavsky
Patrik Vuilleumier
Affiliation:
University Medical Center & University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
Olivier Godefroy
Affiliation:
Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens
Julien Bogousslavsky
Affiliation:
Université de Lausanne, Switzerland
Get access

Summary

Introduction

Hemispatial neglect is among the most frequent and most disabling consequences of focal brain lesions. It entails a complex constellation of neuropsychological deficits in perception and action towards the side of space opposite to a focal brain lesion, which can occur in various combinations and with various degrees of severity. These deficits may persist in the chronic stages many years beyond the acute neurological insult. Moreover, the presence of hemispatial neglect has a major impact on functional recovery and on the burden for caregivers. Although some manifestations of neglect may be very striking, especially in acute stroke patients, some deficits are frequently missed by physicians during a general neurological examination and must therefore be specifically looked for, since they can provide valuable localization signs.

Hemispatial neglect has also attracted much interest in cognitive neuroscience research because it has important implications for understanding the neurobiological substrates of important human cognitive functions, intimately connected with conscious awareness, selective attention, and the mental representation of space. Many aspects of spatial neglect are still poorly understood and debated, but recent advances in our knowledge of the neurophysiology and functional anatomy of attention have begun to shed new light on some of the possible neuropsychological underpinnings (Driver and Vuilleumier, 2001b; Corbetta and Shulman, 2002). However, this chapter will mainly concentrate on the clinical presentation and evolution of spatial neglect and related deficits, while it will only briefly describe the current hypotheses concerning the neural mechanisms of this complex disorder (for more complete reviews, see Driver et al., 2004; Kerkhoff, 2001; Halligan et al., 2003).

Type
Chapter
Information
The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke , pp. 148 - 197
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aglioti, S., Smania, N. and Moro, V. (1998). Tactile salience influences extinction. Neurology, 50(4), 1010–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aglioti, S., Smania, N. and Peru, A. J. (1999). Frames of reference for mapping tactile stimuli in brain-damaged patients. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 11(1), 167–79.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Agrell, B. M., Dehlin, O. I. and Dahlgren, C. J. (1997). Neglect in elderly stroke patients: A comparison of five tests. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci., 51(5), 295–300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Albert, M. (1973). A simple test of visual neglect. Neurology, 23, 658–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Andersen, R. A. and Buneo, C. A. (2003). Sensorimotor integration in posterior parietal cortex. Adv. Neurol., 93, 159–77.Google ScholarPubMed
Andersen, R., Snyder, L. H., Bradley, B. C., et al. (1997). Multimodal representation of space in the posterior parietal cortex and its use in planning movement. Ann. Rev. Neurosci., 20, 303–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Appelros, P., Nydevik, I., Karlsson, G. M., et al. (2004). Recovery from unilateral neglect after right-hemisphere stroke. Disabil. Rehabil., 26(8), 471–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Azouvi, P., Samuel, C., Louis-Dreyfus, A., et al. (2002). Sensitivity of clinical and behavioural tests of spatial neglect after right hemisphere stroke. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 73(2), 160–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Azouvi, P., Oliver, S., Montety, G., et al. (2003). Behavioral assessment of unilateral neglect: Study of the psychometric properties of the Catherine Bergego Scale. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 84(1), 51–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baier, B. and Karnath, H. O. (2005). Neuroanatomical correlates of anosognosia for hemiparesis. J. Neurosci., 25, 7134–8.Google Scholar
Bartolomeo, P., Bachoud-Levi, A. C., Azouvi, P., et al. (2005). Time to imagine space: A chronometric exploration of representational neglect. Neuropsychologia, 43(9), 1249–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bartolomeo, P. and Chokron, S. (1999). Egocentric frame of reference: its role in spatial bias after right hemisphere lesions. Neuropsychologia, 37(8), 881–94.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bartolomeo, P. and Chokron, S. (2002). Orienting of attention in left unilateral neglect. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 26(2), 217–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bartolomeo, P., D'Erme, P. and Gainotti, G. (1994). The relationship between visuospatial and representational neglect. Neurology, 44(9), 1710–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bartolomeo, P., Perri, R. and Gainotti, G. (2004). The influence of limb crossing on left tactile extinction. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 75(1), 49–55.Google ScholarPubMed
Behrmann, M., Ghiselli-Crippa, T., Sweeney, J. A., et al. (2002). Mechanisms underlying spatial representation revealed through studies of hemispatial neglect. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 14(2), 272–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Behrmann, M. and Moscovitch, M. (1994). Object-centered neglect in patients with unilateral neglect: Effects of left-right coordinates of objects. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 6, 1–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Behrmann, M., Moscovitch, M., Black, S. E., et al. (1990). Perceptual and conceptual mechanisms in neglect dyslexia. Brain, 113, 1163–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Behrmann, M. and Tipper, S. P. (1999). Attention accesses multiple reference frames: Evidence from visual neglect. J. Exp. Psychol. [Hum. Percept.], 25(1), 83–101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beis, J. M., Andre, J. M., Baumgarten, A., et al. (1999). Eye patching in unilateral spatial neglect: Efficacy of two methods. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 80(1), 71–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beis, J. M., Keller, C., Morin, N., et al. (2004). Right spatial neglect after left hemisphere stroke: Qualitative and quantitative study. Neurology, 63(9), 1600–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bellas, D. N., Novelly, R. A., Eskenazi, B., et al. (1988). The nature of unilateral neglect in the olfactory sensory system. Neuropsychologia, 26(1), 45–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bellmann, A., Meuli, R. and Clarke, S. (2001). Two types of auditory neglect. Brain, 124(Pt 4), 676–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berlucchi, G., Moro, V., Guerrini, C., et al. (2004). Dissociation between taste and tactile extinction on the tongue after right brain damage. Neuropsychologia, 42(8), 1007–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berti, A. (2003). Unconscious processing in neglect. In The Cognitive and Neural Bases of Spatial Neglect, ed. Karnath, H. O.et al., Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Berti, A. and Frassinetti, F. (2000). When far becomes near: Remapping of space by tool use. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 12(3), 415–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berti, A. and Rizzolatti, G. (1992). Visual processing without awareness: Evidence from unilateral neglect. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 4, 345–51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berti, A., Frassinetti, F. and Umilta, C. (1994). Nonconscious reading? Evidence from neglect dyslexia. Cortex, 30, 181–97.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berti, A., Oxbury, S., Oxbury, J., et al. (1999). Somatosensory extinction for meaningful objects in a patient with right hemispheric stroke. Neuropsychologia, 37(3), 333–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beschin, N. and Robertson, I. H. (1997). Personal versus extrapersonal neglect: a group study of their dissociation using a reliable clinical test. Cortex, 33(2), 379–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beschin, N., Cazzani, M., Cubelli, R., et al. (1996). Ignoring left and far: An investigation of tactile neglect. Neuropsychologia, 34, 41–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beschin, N., Cocchini, G., Della Sala, S., et al. (1997). What the eyes perceive, the brain ignores: A case of pure unilateral representational neglect. Cortex, 33(1), 3–26.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Binder, J., Marshall, R., Lazar, R., et al. (1992). Distinct syndromes of hemineglect. Arch. Neurol., 49(11), 1187–94.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bisiach, E., Brouchan, M., Poncet, M., et al. (1993). Unilateral neglect in route description. Neuropsychologia, 31(11), 1255–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bisiach, E., Geminiani, G., Berti, A., et al. (1990). Perceptual and premotor factors of unilateral neglect. Neurology, 40, 1278–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bisiach, E. and Luzzatti, C. (1978). Unilateral neglect of representational space. Cortex, 14, 129–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bisiach, E., Perani, D., Vallar, G., et al. (1986). Unilateral neglect: Personal and extrapersonal. Neuropsychologia, 24, 759–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bisiach, E., Ricci, R., Lualdi, M., et al. (1998a). Perceptual and response bias in unilateral neglect: Two modified versions of the Milner landmark task. Brain Cogn., 37(3), 369–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bisiach, E., Ricci, R. and Madona, M. N., et al. (1998b). Visual awareness and anisometry of space representation in unilateral neglect: A panoramic investigation by means of a line extension task. Conscious Cogn., 7(3), 327–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bisiach, E., Rusconi, M. L., Peretti, V. A., et al. (1994). Challenging current accounts of unilateral neglect. Neuropsychologia, 32, 1431–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bisiach, E., Tegner, R., Ladavas, E., et al. (1995). Dissociation of ophthalmokinetic and melokinetic attention in unilateral neglect. Cereb. Cortex, 5(5), 439–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bogousslavsky, J., Miklossy, J., Regli, F., et al. (1988). Subcortical neglect: Neuropsychological, SPECT, and neuropathological correlations with anterior choroidal artery territory infarction. Ann. Neurol., 23(5), 448–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bogousslavsky, J., Regli, F., and Assal, G., et al. (1986). The syndrome of unilateral tuberothalamic artery territory infarction. Stroke, 17(3), 434–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bowen, A., Lincoln, N. B., and Dewey, M. E. (2002). Spatial neglect: Is rehabilitation effective?Stroke, 33(11), 2728–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bowen, A., Mckenna, K. and Tallis, R. C. (1999). Reasons for variability in the reported rate of occurrence of unilateral spatial neglect after stroke. Stroke, 30(6), 1196–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bremmer, F., Duhamel, J.-R., Ben Hamed, S., et al. (1996). The representation of movement in near extrapersonal space in the macaque ventral intraparietal area. In Parietal Lobe Contributions to Orientation in 3D Space, ed. Thier, P. and Karnath, H.-O.. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, pp. 619–30.Google Scholar
Brighina, F., Bisiach, E., Piazza, A., et al. (2002). Perceptual and response bias in visuospatial neglect due to frontal and parietal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in normal subjects. Neuroreport, 13(18), 2571–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Butter, C. M., Mark, V. W. and Heilman, K. M. (1988a). An experimental analysis of factors underlying neglect in line bisection. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 51(12), 1581–3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butter, C. M., Rapcsak, S. Z., Watson, R. T., et al. (1988b). Changes in sensory inattention, directional akinesia, and release of fixation reflex following a unilateral frontal lesion: A case report. Neuropsychologia, 26, 533–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buxbaum, L. J., Ferraro, M. K., Veramonti, T., et al. (2004). Hemispatial neglect: Subtypes, neuroanatomy, and disability. Neurology, 62(5), 749–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cals, N., Devuyst, G., Afsa, N., et al. (2002). Pure superficial posterior cerebral artery territory infarction in The Lausanne Stroke Registry. J. Neurol., 249(7), 855–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cambier, J., Graveleau, P., Decroix, J. P., et al. (1983). Anterior choroidal artery syndrome. Neuropsychological study of 4 cases. Rev. Neurol. (Paris), 139(10), 553–9.Google ScholarPubMed
Cambier, J., Masson, M., Guillot, M., et al. (1985). Right neglect with hemiasomatognosia, mental confusion, apraxia and agraphia without aphasia. Rev. Neurol. (Paris), 141(12), 802–5.Google ScholarPubMed
Caplan, L. R., Kelly, M., Kase, C. S., et al. (1986). Infarcts of the inferior division of the right middle cerebral artery: Mirror image of Wernicke's aphasia. Neurology, 36(8), 1015–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cappa, S., Sterzi, R., Vallar, G., et al. (1987). Remission of hemineglect and anosognosia during vestibular stimulation. Neuropsychologia, 25(5), 775–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Caramazza, A. and Hillis, A. E. (1990). Spatial representation of words in the brain implied by studies of a unilateral neglect patient. Nature, 346(6281), 267–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carrera, E., Michel, P. and Bogousslavsky, J. (2004). Anteromedian, central, and posterolateral infarcts of the thalamus: Three variant types. Stroke, 35(12), 2826–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cassidy, T. P., Bruce, D. W., Lewis, S., et al. (1999). The association of visual field deficits and visuo-spatial neglect in acute right-hemisphere stroke patients. Age Ageing, 28(3), 257–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cassidy, T. P., Lewis, S. and Gray, C. S. (1998). Recovery from visuospatial neglect in stroke patients. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 64, 555–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Castaigne, P., Laplane, D. and Degos, J. D. (1972). 3 cases of motor neglect due to prerolandic frontal lesion. Rev. Neurol. (Paris), 126(1), 5–15.Google ScholarPubMed
Chamorro, A., Marshall, A. S., Volls-Sole, J., et al. (1997). Motor behavior in stroke patients with isolated medial frontal ischemic infarction. Stroke, 28(9), 1755–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chatterjee, A. (1994). Picturing unilateral spatial neglect: Viewer versus object centred reference frames. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 57(10), 1236–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chatterjee, A. (1995). Cross-over, completion and confabulation in unilateral spatial neglect. Brain, 118, 455–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cherney, L. R. and Halper, A. S. (2001). Unilateral visual neglect in right-hemisphere stroke: A longitudinal study. Brain Inj., 15(7), 585–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chokron, S., Bartolomeo, P., Perenin, M. T., et al. (1998). Scanning direction and line bisection: A study of normal subjects and unilateral neglect patients with opposite reading habits. Brain Res. Cogn., 7(2), 173–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chokron, S., Colliot, P., Bartolomeo, P., et al. (2002). Visual, proprioceptive and tactile performance in left neglect patients. Neuropsychologia, 40(12), 1965–76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cocchini, G., Beschin, N. and Jehkonen, M. (2001). The fluff test: A simple task to assess body representation neglect. Neuropsychol. Rehabil., 11, 17–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cocchini, G., Cubelli, R., Della Sala, S., et al. (1999). Neglect without extinction. Cortex, 35(3), 285–313.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Colby, C. (1998). Action-oriented spatial reference frames in cortex. Neuron, 20(1), 15–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Corbetta, M., Akbudak, E., Conturo, T. E., et al. (1998). A common network of functional areas for attention and eye movements. Neuron, 21(4), 761–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Corbetta, M. and Shulman, G. L. (2002). Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain. Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 3(3), 201–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coslett, H. B. (1989). Hemihypokinesia after right hemisphere stroke. Brain Cogn., 9, 267–78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coslett, H. B. (1997). Neglect in vision and visual imagery: A double dissociation. Brain, 120(7), 1163–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coslett, H. B., Bowers, D., Fitzpatrick, E., et al. (1990). Directional hypokinesia and hemispatial inattention in neglect. Brain, 113, 475–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cowey, A., Small, M. and Ellis, S. (1994). Left visuospatial neglect can be worse in far than in near space. Neuropsychologia, 32, 1059–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Damasio, A. R., Damasio, H. and Chui, H. C., et al. (1987). Neglect following damage to frontal lobe or basal ganglia. Neuropsychologia, 18(2), 123–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Decroix, J. P., Graveleau, P., Masson, M., et al. (1986). Infarction in the territory of the anterior choroidal artery. A clinical and computerized tomographic study of 16 cases. Brain, 109(Pt 6), 1071–85.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Denis, M., Beschin, N., Logie, R. H., et al. (2002). Visual perception and verbal descriptions as sources for generating mental representations: Evidence from representational neglect. Cogn. Neuropsychol., 19(2), 97–112.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Deouell, L. Y. and Soroker, N. (2000). What is extinguished in auditory extinction?Neuroreport, 11(13), 3059–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Di Legge, S., Fang, J., Saposnik, G., et al. (2005). The impact of lesion side on acute stroke treatment. Neurology, 65(1), 81–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Di Pellegrino, G. (1995). Clock-drawing in a case of left visuo-spatial neglect: a deficit of disengagement?Neuropsychologia, 33(3), 353–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Di Pellegrino, G. and Renzi, E. (1995). An experimental investigation on the nature of extinction. Neuropsychologia, 33, 153–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Di Pellegrino, G., Ladavas, E. and Farne, A. (1997). Seeing where your hands are. Nature, 388, 370.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Di Pellegrino, G., Ladavas, E. and Galletti, C. (2001). Lexical processes and eye movements in neglect dyslexia. Behav. Neurol., 13(1–2), 61–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doricchi, F. and Angelelli, P. (1999). Misrepresentation of horizontal space in left unilateral neglect: Role of hemianopia. Neurology, 52(9), 1845–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doricchi, F., Guariglia, P., Figliozzi, F., et al. (2005). Causes of cross-over in unilateral neglect: Between-group comparisons, within-patient dissociations and eye movements. Brain, 128(Pt 6), 1386–406.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doricchi, F. and Tomaiuolo, F. (2003). The anatomy of neglect without hemianopia: A key role for parietal-frontal disconnection?Neuroreport, 14(17), 2239–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Driver, J., Baylis, G. C, Goodrich, S. J., et al. (1994). Axis-based neglect of visual shapes. Neuropsychologia, 32, 1353–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Driver, J. and Halligan, P. W. (1991). Can visual neglect operate in object-centered coordinates? An affirmative single case study. Cogn. Neuropsychol., 8, 475–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Driver, J. and Pouget, A. (2000). Object-centered visual neglect, or relative egocentric neglect?J. Cogn. Neurosci., 12(3), 542–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Driver, J. and Vuilleumier, P. (2001a). Unconscious processing in neglect and extinction. In Out of Mind: Varieties of Unconscious Processing, ed. DeGelder, B.et al.. Oxford University Press, pp. 107–39.Google Scholar
Driver, J. and Vuilleumier, P. (2001b). Perceptual awareness and its loss in unilateral neglect and extinction. Cognition, 79, 39–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Driver, J., Vuilleumier, P., Eimer, M., et al. (2001). Functional MRI and evoked potential correlates of conscious and unconscious vision in parietal extinction patients. Neuroimage, 14, 68–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Driver, J., Vuilleumier, P. and Husain, M. (2004). Spatial neglect and extinction. In The New Cognitive Neurosciences, ed. Gazzaniga, M.. MIT Press.Google Scholar
Ellis, A. X., Della Salla, S. and Logie, R. H. (1996). The Bailiwick of visuo-spatial working memory: Evidence from unilateral spatial neglect. Cogn. Brain Res., 3(2), 71–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Farah, M. J., Brunn, J. L., Wong, A. B., et al. (1990). Frames of reference for allocating attention to space: Evidence from the neglect syndrome. Neuropsychologia, 28, 335–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Farne, A., Buxbaun, L. J., Feraro, M., et al. (2004). Patterns of spontaneous recovery of neglect and associated disorders in acute right brain-damaged patients. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 75(10), 1401–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Farne, A. and Ladavas, E. (2000). Dynamic size-change of hand peripersonal space following tool use. Neuroreport, 11(8), 1645–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Feinberg, T. E., Haber, L. S. and Leeds, N. E. (1990). Verbal asomatognosia. Neurology, 40, 1391–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferber, S. and Karnath, H. O. (1999). Parietal and occipital lobe contributions to perception of straight ahead orientation. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 67(5), 572–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferber, S. and Karnath, H. O. (2001a). How to assess spatial neglect—line bisection or cancellation tasks?J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol., 23(5), 599–607.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferber, S. and Karnath, H. O. (2001b). Size perception in hemianopia and neglect. Brain, 124(Pt 3), 527–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferro, J. M. and Kertesz, A. (1984). Posterior internal capsule infarction associated with neglect. Arch. Neurol., 41(4), 422–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferro, J. M., Kertesz, A. and Black, S. E. (1987). Subcortical neglect: Quantitation, anatomy, and recovery. Neurology, 37(9), 1487–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fimm, B., Zahn, R., Mull, M., et al. (2001). Asymmetries of visual attention after circumscribed subcortical vascular lesions. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 71(5), 652–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fiorelli, M., Blin, J., Bakchine, S., et al. (1991). PET studies of cortical diaschisis in patients with motor hemi-neglect. J. Neurol. Sci., 104(2), 135–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fischer, M. H. (2001). Number processing induces spatial performance biases. Neurology, 57, 822–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fleet, W. S., Valenstein, E., Watson, R. T., et al. (1987). Dopamine agonist therapy for neglect in humans. Neurology, 37(11), 1765–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Frassinetti, F., Angeli, V., Meneghello, F., et al. (2002). Long-lasting amelioration of visuospatial neglect by prism adaptation. Brain, 125(Pt 3), 608–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gaffan, D. and Hornak, J. (1997). Visual neglect in the monkey: Representation and disconnection. Brain, 120(9), 1647–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gainotti, G., Messerli, P. and Tissot, R. (1972). Qualitative analysis of unilateral spatial neglect in relation to laterality of cerebral lesions. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 35(4), 545–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gauthier, L., Dehaut, F., and Joanette, Y., (1989). The Bells Test: A quantitative and qualitative test for visual neglect. Int. J. Clin. Neuropsychol., 11, 49–54.Google Scholar
Ghika-Schmid, F. and Bogousslavsky, J. (2000). The acute behavioral syndrome of anterior thalamic infarction: A prospective study of 12 cases. Ann. Neurol., 48(2), 220–7.3.0.CO;2-M>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gillen, R., Tennen, H., and McKee, T., (2005). Unilateral spatial neglect: Relation to rehabilitation outcomes in patients with right hemisphere stroke. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 86(4), 763–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gitelman, D. R., Nobre, A. C., Parrish, T. B., et al. (1999). A large-scale distributed network for covert spatial attention: Further anatomical delineation based on stringent behavioural and cognitive controls. Brain, 122, 1093–106.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goldenberg, G. (1986). Neglect in a patient with partial callosal disconnection. Neuropsychologia, 24(3), 397–403.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grossi, D., Modafferi, A., Pelosi, L., et al. (1989). On the different roles of the cerebral hemispheres in mental imagery: The “O'Clock Test” in two clinical cases. Brain Cogn., 10(1), 18–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grujic, Z., Mapstone, M., Gitelman, D. R., et al. (1998). Dopamine agonists reorient visual exploration away from the neglected hemispace. Neurology, 51(5), 1395–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guariglia, C. and Antonucci, G. (1992). Personal and extrapersonal space: A case of neglect dissociation. Neuropsychologia, 30, 1001–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guariglia, C., Padovani, A., Partano, P., et al. (1991). Unilateral neglect restricted to visual imagery. Nature, 364, 235–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halligan, P. W., Fink, G. R.Marshall, J. C., et al. (2003). Spatial cognition: Evidence from visual neglect. Trends Cogn. Sci., 7(3), 125–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Halligan, P. W. and Marshall, J. C. (1991a). Figural modulation of visuo-spatial neglect: A case study. Neuropsychologia, 29, 619–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halligan, P. W. and Marshall, J. C. (1991b). Left neglect for near but not far space in man. Nature, 350, 498–500.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halligan, P. W. and Marshall, J. C. (1998). Visuospatial neglect: The ultimate deconstruction?Brain Cogn., 37(3), 419–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Halligan, P. W., Marshall, J. C., Wade, D. T., (1989). Visuospatial neglect: Underlying factors and test sensitivity. Lancet, 2(8668), 908–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Halligan, P. W., et al. (1990). Do visual field deficits exacerbate visuo-spatial neglect?J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 53(6), 487–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harvey, M., Kramer McCaffery, T., Dow, L., et al. (2002). Categorisation of ‘perceptual’ and ‘premotor’ neglect patients across different tasks: Is there strong evidence for a dichotomy?Neuropsychologia, 40(8), 1387–95.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harvey, M., Milner, A. I., and Roberts, R. C., et al. (1995). An investigation of hemispatial neglect using the Landmark Task. Brain Cogn., 27(1), 59–78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heilman, K. M. and Abell, T. (1979). Right hemisphere dominance for mediating cerebral activation. Neuropsychologia, 17, 315–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heilman, K. M. and Adams, D. J. (2003). Callosal neglect. Arch. Neurol., 60(2), 276–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heilman, K. M., Boweres, B., Coslett, H. B., et al. (1985). Directional hypokinesia: Prolonged reaction times for leftward movements in patients with right hemisphere lesions and neglect. Neurology, 35, 855–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heilman, K. M., Pandya, D. M. and Geschwind, N. (1970). Trimodal inattention following parietal lobe ablations. Trans. Am. Neurol. Assoc., 95, 259–68.Google ScholarPubMed
Heilman, K. M. and Valenstein, E. (1972). Frontal lobe neglect in man. Neurology, 22, 660–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heilman, K. M. and Abell, T. (1980). Right hemisphere dominance for attention: The mechanisms underlying hemispheric asymmetries of inattention (neglect). Neurology, 30, 327–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heilman, K. M., Watson, R. T. and Valenstein, E. (2003). Neglect and related disorders. In Clinical Neuropsychology, ed. Heilman, K. M. and Valenstein, E.. Oxford University Press, pp. 279–336.Google Scholar
Hier, D. B., Mondlock, J. and Caplan, I. R. (1983a). Behavioral abnormalities after right hemisphere stroke. Neurology, 33(3), 337–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hier, D. B., et al. (1983b). Recovery of behavioral abnormalities after right hemisphere stroke. Neurology, 33(3), 345–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hillis, A. E., Barker, P. B., Beauchamp, N. J., et al. (2000). MR perfusion imaging reveals regions of hypoperfusion associated with aphasia and neglect. Neurology, 55(6), 782–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hillis, A. E. and Caramazza, A. (1991). Deficit to stimulus-centered, letter shape representations in a case of “unilateral neglect”. Neuropsychologia, 29(12), 1223–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hillis, A. E., Newhart, M., Heidler, J., et al. (2005). Anatomy of spatial attention: Insights from perfusion imaging and hemispatial neglect in acute stroke. J. Neurosci., 25(12), 3161–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hillis, A. E., Wityk, R. J., Barker, P. B., et al. (2002). Subcortical aphasia and neglect in acute stroke: The role of cortical hypoperfusion. Brain, 125(Pt 5), 1094–104.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hillis, A. E., et al. (2003). Change in perfusion in acute nondominant hemisphere stroke may be better estimated by tests of hemispatial neglect than by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. Stroke, 34(10), 2392–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Humphreys, G. W. and Riddoch, M. J. (1995). Separate coding of space within and between perceptual objects: Evidence from unilateral visual neglect. Cogn. Neuropsychol., 12, 283–311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Husain, M. and Kennard, C. (1996). Visual neglect associated with frontal lobe infarction. J. Neurol., 243, 652–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Husain, M. and Kennard, C. (1997). Distractor-dependent frontal neglect. Neuropsychologia, 35, 829–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Husain, M., Mannan, S., Hodgson, T., et al. (2001). Impaired spatial working memory across saccades contributes to abnormal search in parietal neglect. Brain, 124(Pt 5), 941–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Husain, M., Mattingley, J. B, Rorden, C., et al. (2000). Distinguishing sensory and motor biases in parietal and frontal neglect. Brain, 123(Pt 8), 1643–59.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Husain, M. and Rorden, C. (2003). Non-spatially lateralized mechanisms in hemispatial neglect. Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 4(1), 26–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Husain, M., Shapiro, K., Martin, J., et al. (1997). Abnormal temporal dynamics of visual attention in spatial neglect patients. Nature, 385(6612), 154–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jehkonen, M., Ahonen, J. P, Dastidar, P., et al. (2000). Visual neglect as a predictor of functional outcome one year after stroke. Acta. Neurol. Scand., 101(3), 195–201.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johannsen, L. and Karnath, H. O. (2004). How efficient is a simple copying task to diagnose spatial neglect in its chronic phase?J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol., 26(2), 251–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karnath, H. O. (1995). Transcutaneous electrical stimulation and vibration of neck muscles in neglect. Exp. Brain Res., 105(2), 321–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karnath, H. O., Ferber, S. and Himmelbach, M. (2001). Spatial awareness is a function of the temporal not the posterior parietal lobe. Nature, 411(6840), 950–3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karnath, H. O. and Fetter, M. (1995). Ocular space exploration in the dark and its relation to subjective and objective body orientation in neglect patients with parietal lesions. Neuropsychologia, 33(3), 371–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karnath, H. O., Fetter, M. and Niemeier, M. (1998). Disentangling gravitational, environmental, and egocentric reference frames in spatial neglect. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 10(6), 680–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karnath, H. O., Fruhmann Berger, M., Kuker, , et al. (2004). The anatomy of spatial neglect based on voxelwise statistical analysis: A study of 140 patients. Cereb. Cortex, 14(10), 1164–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karnath, H. O., Himmelbach, M. and Kuker, . (2003). The cortical substrate of visual extinction. Neuroreport, 14(3), 437–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karnath, H. O., Himmelbach, M. and Rorden, C. (2002). The subcortical anatomy of human spatial neglect: Putamen, caudate nucleus and pulvinar. Brain, 125(Pt 2), 350–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karnath, H. O. and Perenin, M. T. (1998). Tactile exploration of peripersonal space in patients with neglect. Neuroreport, 9(10), 2273–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karnath, H. O., Schenkel, P. and Fischer, B. (1991). Trunk orientation as the determining factor of the ‘contralateral’ deficit in the neglect syndrome and as the physical anchor of the internal representation of body orientation in space. Brain, 1997–2014.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kerkhoff, G. (1998). Rehabilitation of visuospatial cognition and visual exploration in neglect: A crossover study. Restor. Neurol. Neurosci., 12(1), 27–40.Google Scholar
Kerkhoff, G. (2001). Spatial hemineglect in humans. Prog. Neurobiol., 63(1), 1–27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kinsella, G. and Ford, B. (1980). Acute recovery from patterns in stroke patients: Neuropsychological factors. Med. J. Aust., 2(12), 663–6.Google ScholarPubMed
Kinsella, G., Olver, J., Ng, K.,, et al. (1993). Analysis of the syndrome of unilateral neglect. Cortex, 29(1), 135–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klatka, L. A., Depper, M. H. and Marini, A. M. (1998). Infarction in the territory of the anterior cerebral artery. Neurology, 51(2), 620–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kooistra, C. A. and Heilman, K. M. (1989). Hemispatial visual inattention masquerading as hemianopia. Neurology, 39, 1125–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumral, E. and Evyapan, D. (1999). Associated exploratory-motor and perceptual-sensory neglect without hemiparesis. Neurology, 52(1), 199–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumral, E., Evyapan, D. and Balkir, K. (1999). Acute caudate vascular lesions. Stroke, 30(1), 100–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumral, E., Kocaer, T., Sagduyu, A., et al. (1995). Infarctus calleux après occlusion bilatérale des artères carotides internes. Rev. Neurol., 151, 202–5.Google Scholar
LaBar, K. S., Gitelman, D. R., Parrish, T. B., et al. (1999). Neuroanatomic overlap of working memory and spatial attention networks: A functional MRI comparison within subjects. Neuroimage, 10, 695–704.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ladavas, E. (1987). Is the hemispatial deficit produced by right parietal damage associated with retinal or gravitational coordinates?Brain, 110, 167–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ladavas, E. (1990). Selective spatial attention in patients with visual extinction. Brain, 113, 1527–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ladavas, E., di Pellegrino, G., Farne, A., et al. (1998). Neuropsychological evidence of an integrated visuotactile representation of peripersonal space in humans. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 10(5), 581–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ladavas, E., Farne, A., Zeloni, G., et al. (2000). Seeing or not seeing where your hands are. Exp. Brain Res., 131(4), 458–67.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ladavas, E., Shallice, T. and Zanella, M. T. (1997). Preserved semantic access in neglect dyslexia. Neuropsychologia, 35(3), 257–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lamb, M. R., Robertson, L. C. and Knight, R. T. (1989). Attention and interference in the processing of global and local information: Effects of unilateral temporal-parietal junction lesions. Neuropsychologia, 4, 471–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laplane, D. (1990). Is there a correlation between motor neglect and unilateral sensory neglect. Rev. Neurol.(Paris), 146(10), 635–8.Google Scholar
Laplane, D., Baulac, M. and Carydakis, C. (1986). Motor neglect of thalamic origin. Rev. Neurol. (Paris), 142(4), 375–9.Google ScholarPubMed
Laplane, D. and Degos, J. D. (1983). Motor neglect. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 46, 152–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, B. H., Kang, S. J., Park, J. M., et al. (2004). The Character-line Bisection Task: A new test for hemispatial neglect. Neuropsychologia, 42(12), 1715–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leibovitch, F. S., Black, S. E., Caldwell, C. B., et al. (1998). Brain-behavior correlations in hemispatial neglect using CT and SPECT: The Sunnybrook Stroke Study. Neurology, 50(4), 901–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leibovitch, F. S., et al. (1999). Brain SPECT imaging and left hemispatial neglect covaried using partial least squares: The Sunnybrook Stroke study. Hum. Brain Mapp., 7(4), 244–53.3.0.CO;2-K>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levine, D. N., Warach, J. D., Benowitz, L., et al. (1986). Left spatial neglect: Effects of lesion size and premorbid brain atrophy on severity and recovery following right cerebral infarction. Neurology, 36(3), 362–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levine, R. L., Lagreze, H. L., Dobkin, J. A., et al. (1988). Large subcortical hemispheric infarctions. Presentation and prognosis. Arch. Neurol., 45(10), 1074–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lundervold, A. J., Bergmann, N. and Wootton, C. (2005). Visual neglect in the first weeks after a stroke in the right hemisphere. Scand. J. Psychol., 46(3), 297–303.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maguire, A. M. and Ogden, J. A. (2002). MRI brain scan analyses and neuropsychological profiles of nine patients with persisting unilateral neglect. Neuropsychologia, 40(7), 879–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maravita, A. (1997). Implicit processing of somatosensory stimuli disclosed by a perceptual after-effect. NeuroReport, 8(7), 1671–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maravita, A., Husain, M., Clarke, K., et al. (2001). Reaching with a tool extends visual-tactile interactions into far space: Evidence from cross-modal extinction. Neuropsychologia, 39(6), 580–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marchetti, C., Carey, D. and Della Salla, S. (2005). Crossed right hemisphere syndrome following left thalamic stroke. J. Neurol., 252(4), 403–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mark, V. W. (2003). Acute versus chronic functional aspects of unilateral spatial neglect. Front. Biosci., 8, e172–189.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mark, V. W., Kooistra, C. A. and Heilman, K. M. (1988). Hemispatial neglect affected by non-neglected stimuli. Neurology, 38, 1207–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marshall, J. C. and Halligan, P. W. (1988). Blindsight and insight in visuo-spatial neglect. Nature, 336, 766–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marshall, J. C. and Halligan, P. W. (1994). The yin and the yang of visuospatial neglect: A case study. Neuropsychologia, 32, 1037–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marzi, C., Girelli, M., Miniussi, C., et al. (2000). Electrophysiological correlates of conscious vision: Evidence from unilateral extinction. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 12(5), 869–77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mattingley, J. B., Bradshaw, J. G. and Phillips, J. C. (1992). Impairments of movement initiation and execution in unilateral neglect: Directional hypokinesia and bradykinesia. Brain, 115, 1849–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mattingley, J. B., Driver, J., Beschin, N., et al. (1997). Attentional competition between modalities: Extinction between touch and vision after right hemisphere damage. Neuropsychologia, 35(6), 867–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mattingley, J. B., Husain, M., Rorden, L., et al. (1998). Motor role of human inferior parietal lobe revealed in unilateral neglect patients. Nature, 392(6672), 179–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maulaz, A. B., Bezerra, J. C. and Bogousslavsky, (2005). Posterior cerebral artery infarction from middle cerebral artery infarction. Arch. Neurol., 62(6), 938–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mayer, S. A., Tatemichi, T. K., Hair, L. S., et al. (1993). Hemineglect and seizures in Binswanger's disease: Clinical-pathological report. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 56(7), 816–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McGlinchey-Berroth, R., Milberg, W. P., Verfaellie, M., et al. (1993). Semantic processing in the neglected visual field: Evidence from a lexical decision task. Cogn. Neuropsychol., 10, 79–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mennemeier, M., Chatterjee, A. and Heilman, K. M. (1994). A comparison of the influences of body and environment centred reference frames on neglect. Brain, 117, 1013–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mennemeier, M., Wertman, E. and Heilman, K. M. (1992). Neglect of near peripersonal space: Evidence for multidirectional attentional systems in humans. Brain, 115, 37–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Merrino, J. G. and Heilman, K. M. (2003). Measurement of cognitive deficits in acute stroke. Stroke, 34, 2396–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mesulam, M. M. (1981). A cortical network for directed attention and unilateral neglect. Ann. Neurol., 4, 309–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mesulam, M. M. (1985). Attention, confusional states and neglect. In Principles of Behavioral Neurology, ed. Mesulam, M. M.. F. A. Davis, pp. 125–68.Google Scholar
Mesulam, M. M. (1999). Spatial attention and neglect: Parietal, frontal and cingulate contributions to the mental representation and attentional targeting of salient extrapersonal events. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci., 354(1387), 1325–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Milner, A. D., Harvey, M., Roberts, R. C., et al. (1993). Line bisection errors in visual neglect: Misguided action or size distortion?Neuropsychologia, 31(1), 39–49.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mort, D. J., Malhotra, P., Mannan, S. K., et al. (2003). The anatomy of visual neglect. Brain 126(9), 1986–97.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moscovitch, M. and Behrmann, M. (1994). Coding of spatial information in the somatosensory system: Evidence from patients with neglect following parietal lobe damage. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 6, 151–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Niemeier, M. and Karnath, H. O. (2000). Exploratory saccades show no direction-specific deficit in neglect. Neurology, 54(2), 515–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ogden, J. A. (1985a). Contralesional neglect of constructed visual images in right and left brain-damaged patients. Neuropsychologia, 23(2), 273–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ogden, J. A. (1985b). Anterior-posterior interhemispheric differences in the loci of lesions producing visual hemineglect. Brain Cogn., 4, 59–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olson, E., Stark, M. and Chatterjee, A. (2003). Evidence for a unimodal somatosensory attention system. Exp. Brain Res., 151, 15–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ortigue, S., Viaud-Delmon, I., Annoni, J. M., et al. (2001). Pure representational neglect after right thalamic lesion. Ann. Neurol., 50(3), 401–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ota, H., Fujii, T., Suzuki, K., et al. (2001). Dissociation of body-centered and stimulus-centered representations in unilateral neglect. Neurology, 57(11), 2064–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ota, H., Fujii, T., Tabuchi, M., et al. (2003). Different spatial processing for stimulus-centered and body-centered representations. Neurology, 60(11), 1846–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pachalska, M., Franczuk, B., MacQueen, B. J., et al. (2004). Reintegrating space and object representations in patients with hemispatial neglect: Two case studies. Disabil. Rehabil., 26(9), 549–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paghera, B., Marien, P. and Vignolo, L. A. (2003). Crossed aphasia with left spatial neglect and visual imperception: A case report. Neurol. Sci., 23(6), 317–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pedersen, P. M., Jorgensen, H. S., Nakayama, H., et al. (1997). Hemineglect in acute stroke – incidence and prognostic implications. The Copenhagen Stroke Study. Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 76(2), 122–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pegna, A. J., Petit, L., Caldara-Schnetzer, A. S., et al. (2001). So near yet so far: Neglect in far or near space depends on tool use. Ann. Neurol., 50(6), 820–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perani, D., Vallar, G., Cappa, S., et al. (1987). Aphasia and neglect after subcortical stroke. A clinical/cerebral perfusion correlation study. Brain, 110(2), 1211–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pierce, S. R. and Buxbaum, L. J. (2002). Treatments of unilateral neglect: A review. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 83(2), 256–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pisella, L., Berberovic, N., and Mattingley, J. B. (2004). Impaired working memory for location but not for colour or shape in visual neglect: A comparison of parietal and non-parietal lesions. Cortex, 40(2), 379–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pizzamiglio, L., Cappa, S., Vallar, G., et al. (1989). Visual neglect for far and near extrapersonal space in humans. Cortex, 25, 471–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Posner, M. I., Walker, J. A., Friedrich, F. J., et al. (1987). How do the parietal lobes direct covert attention?Neuropsychologia, 25, 135–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Posteraro, L. and Maravita, A. (1996). A new case of atypical cerebral dominance. Ital. J. Neurol. Sci., 17(3), 237–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rafal, R., Danziger, S., Grossi, G., et al. (2002). Visual detection is gated by attending for action: Evidence from hemispatial neglect. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 99(25), 16371–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rafal, R. D. and Posner, M. I. (1987). Deficits in human visual spatial attention following thalamic lesions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 84, 7349–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rapcsak, S. Z., Cimino, C. R. and Heilman, K. M. (1988). Altitudinal neglect. Neurology, 38(2), 277–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rapcsak, S. Z., Verfaellie, M., Fleet, W. S., et al. (1989). Selective attention in hemispatial neglect. Arch. Neurol., 46(2), 178–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rees, G., Wojciulik, E., Clarke, K., et al. (2000). Unconscious activation of visual cortex in the damaged right hemisphere of a parietal patient with extinction. Brain, 123(8), 1624–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rees, G., et al. (2002). Neural correlates of conscious and unconscious vision in parietal extinction. Neurocase, 8(5), 387–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rizzolatti, G., Matelli, M. and Pavesi, C. (1983). Deficits in attention and movement following the removal of postarcuate (area 6) and prearcuate (area 8) cortex in macaque monkeys. Brain, 106, 655–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robertson, I. H., Manly, T., Beschin, N., et al. (1997). Auditory sustained attention is a marker of unilateral spatial neglect. Neuropsychologia, 35(12), 1527–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robertson, I. H., Mattingley, J. B., Rorden, A., et al. (1998). Phasic alerting of neglect patients overcomes their spatial deficit in visual awareness. Nature, 395, 169–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robertson, I. H., Tegner, R., Tham, K., et al. (1995). Sustained attention training for unilateral neglect: Theoretical and rehabilitation implications. J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol., 17(3), 416–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rode, G., Perenin, M. T. and Boisson, D. (1995). Neglect of the representational space: Demonstration by mental evocation of the map of France. Rev. Neurol. (Paris), 151(3), 161–4.Google Scholar
Rode, G., Pisella, L., Rossetti, Y., et al. (2003). Bottom-up transfer of sensory-motor plasticity to recovery of spatial cognition: Visuomotor adaptation and spatial neglect. Prog. Brain Res., 142, 273–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rode, G., Rossetti, Y., Badan, M., et al. (2001). Role of rehabilitation in hemineglect syndromes. Rev. Neurol. (Paris), 157(5), 497–505.Google ScholarPubMed
Rossetti, Y., Rode, G., Pisella, L., et al. (1998). Prism adaptation to a rightward optical deviation rehabilitates left hemispatial neglect. Nature, 395(6698), 166–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rousseaux, M., Beis, J. M., Pradat-Diehl, P., et al. (2001). Presenting a battery for assessing spatial neglect. Norms and effects of age, educational level, sex, hand and laterality. Rev. Neurol. (Paris), 157(11 Pt 1), 1385–400.Google ScholarPubMed
Samuelsson, H., Hjelmquist, E. K., Jensen, C., et al. (1998). Nonlateralized attentional deficits: An important component behind persisting visuospatial neglect?J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol., 20(1), 73–88.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Samuelsson, H., Jensen, C., Ekholm, S., et al. (1997). Anatomical and neurological correlates of acute and chronic visuospatial neglect following right hemisphere stroke. Cortex, 33(2), 271–85.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schmahmann, J. D. (2003). Vascular syndromes of the thalamus. Stroke, 34(9), 2264–78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwartz, S., Vuilleumier, P., Hutton, C., et al. (2005). Attentional load and sensory competition in human vision: Modulation of fMRI responses by load at fixation during task-irrelevant stimulation in the peripheral visual field. Cereb. Cortex, 15(6), 770–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shelton, P. A., Bowers, D. and Heilman, K. M. (1990). Peripersonal and vertical neglect. Brain, 113, 191–205.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simon, J. E., Morgan, S. C., Pexman, J. H., et al. (2003). CT assessment of conjugate eye deviation in acute stroke. Neurology, 60(1), 135–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stein, S. and Volpe, B. T. (1983). Classical “parietal” neglect syndrome after subcortical right frontal lobe infarction. Neurology, 33(6), 797–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stone, S. P., Halligan, P. W., Marshall, J. C., et al. (1998). Unilateral neglect: A common but heterogeneous syndrome. Neurology, 50(6), 1902–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stone, S. P., Halligan, P. W., Wilson, B., et al. (1991a). Performance of age-matched controls on a battery of visuo-spatial neglect tests. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 54(4), 341–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stone, S. P., Patel, P., Greenwood, R. J., et al. (1992). Measuring visual neglect in acute stroke and predicting its recovery: The visual neglect recovery index. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 55(6), 431–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stone, S. P., Wilson, B., Wroot, A., et al. (1991b). The assessment of visuo-spatial neglect after acute stroke. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 54(4), 345–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tanaka, Y., Minematsu, K., Hara, H., et al. (2001). Sensory extinction phenomenon of double simultaneous stimulation: The analysis of consecutive stroke series with acute and unilateral lesions. Rinsho Shinkeigaku, 41(9), 569–73.Google ScholarPubMed
Tatemichi, T. K., Desmond, D. W., Stern, Y., et al. (1994). Cognitive impairment after stroke: Frequency, patterns, and relationship to functional abilities. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 57(2), 202–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tegner, R. and Levander, M. (1991). Through a looking glass: A new technique to demonstrate directional hypokinesia in unilateral neglect. Brain, 113, 1943–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tham, K. and Tegnér, R. (1996). The Baking Tray task: A test of spatial neglect. Neuropsychol. Rehab., 6, 19–25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Toraldo, A., McIntosh, R. D., Dijkerman, H. C., et al. (2002). Disentangling perceptual and response bias in unilateral neglect: A methodological proposal. Brain Cogn., 48(2–3), 593–7.Google ScholarPubMed
Valenstein, E. and Heilman, K. M. (1981). Unilateral hypokinesia and motor extinction. Neurology, 31, 445–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Valenza, N., Seghier, M. L., Schwarz, S., et al. (2004). Tactile awareness and limb position in neglect: Functional magnetic resonance imaging. Ann. Neurol., 55(1), 139–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vallar, G. (1993). The anatomical basis of spatial neglect in humans. In Unilateral Neglect: Clinical and Experimental Studies, ed. Robertson, I. H. and Marshall, J. C.. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 27–62.Google Scholar
Vallar, G., Bottini, G. and Paulesu, E. (2003). Neglect syndromes: The role of the parietal cortex. In The Parietal Lobes Vol. 93, ed. Siegel, A. M.et al., Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, pp. 219–315.Google Scholar
Vallar, G., Bottini, G., Sterzi, R., et al. (1991). Hemianesthesia, sensory neglect, and defective access to conscious experience. Neurology, 41(5), 650–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vallar, G., Daini, R. and Antonucci, G. (2000). Processing of illusion of length in spatial hemineglect: A study of line bisection. Neuropsychologia, 38(7), 1087–97.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vallar, G., Guariglia, C., Nico, D., et al. (1995). Spatial hemineglect in back space. Brain, 118(2), 467–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vallar, G., Lobel, E., Galati, G., et al. (1999). A fronto-parietal system for computing the egocentric spatial frame of reference in humans. Exp. Brain Res., 124(3), 281–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vallar, G. and Perani, D. (1986). The anatomy of unilateral neglect after right-hemisphere stroke lesions: A clinical/CT correlation study in man. Neuropsychologia, 24, 609–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Volpe, B. T., Ledoux, J. E. and Gazzaniga, M. S. (1979). Information processing in an “extinguished” visual field. Nature, 282, 722–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vuilleumier, P. (2000). Faces call for attention: Evidence from patients with visual extinction. Neuropsychologia, 38(5), 693–700.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vuilleumier, P. (2005). Visual extinction and hemispatial neglect after brain damage: Neurophysiological basis of residual processing. In Neurobiology of Attention, ed. Itti, L.et al., Elsevier, pp. 351–7.Google Scholar
Vuilleumier, P., Armony, J., Clarke, K., et al. (2002). Neural response to emotional faces with and without awareness: Event-related fMRI in a parietal patient with visual extinction and spatial neglect. Neuropsychologia, 40, 2156–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vuilleumier, P., Ortigue, S. and Brugger, P. (2004). The number space and neglect. Cortex, 40(2), 399–410.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vuilleumier, P. and Rafal, R. (2000). A systematic study of task-dependent visual extinction: Between and within-field deficits of attention in hemispatial neglect. Brain, 123, 1263–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vuilleumier, P., Sagiv, N., Hazeltine, E., et al. (2001a). Neural fate of seen and unseen faces in unilateral spatial neglect: A combined event-related fMRI and ERP study of visual extinction. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 98(6), 3495–500.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vuilleumier, P. and Schwartz, S. (2001). Modulation of visual perception by eye gaze direction in patients with spatial neglect and extinction. Neuroreport, 12(10), 2101–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vuilleumier, P., Schwartz, S., Clarke, K., et al. (2001b). Implicit processing and learning of visual stimuli in parietal extinction and neglect. Cortex, 37, 741–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vuilleumier, P., Valenza, N. and Landis, T. (2001c). Explicit and implicit perception of illusory contours in unilateral spatial neglect: Behavioural and anatomical correlates of preattentive grouping mechanisms. Neuropsychologia, 39, 597–610.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vuilleumier, P., Valenza, N., Mayer, E., et al. (1998). Near and far visual space in unilateral neglect. Ann. Neurol., 43, 406–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vuilleumier, P., Valenza, N., Perrig, S., et al. (1999). To see better to the left when looking more to the right: Effects of gaze direction and frame of spatial coordinates in unilateral neglect. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc., 5, 75–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, R., Findlay, J. M., Young, A. W., et al. (1991). Disentangling neglect and hemianopia. Neuropsychologia, 29(10), 1019–27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ward, R. and Goodrich, S. (1996). Differences between objects and nonobjects in visual extinction: A competition for attention. Psychological Science, 7, 177–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ward, R., Goodrich, S. and Driver, J. (1994). Grouping reduces visual extinction: Neuropsychological evidence for weight-linkage in visual selection. Visual Cognition, 1, 101–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, T. and Heilman, K. M. (1981). Unilateral hypokinesia and motor extinction. Neurology, 31, 445–8.Google Scholar
Weintraub, S. and Mesulam, M. M. (1987). Right cerebral hemisphere dominance in spatial attention. Arch. Neurol., 44, 621–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weiss, P. H., Marshall, J. C., Wunderlich, G., et al. (2000). Neural consequences of acting in near versus far space: A physiological basis for clinical dissociations. Brain, 123( Pt 12), 2531–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weiss, P. H., Marshall, J. C., Zilles, K., et al. (2003). Are action and perception in near and far space additive or interactive factors?Neuroimage, 18(4), 837–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, B. A., Cockburn, J. and Halligan, P. W., et al. (1987). Behavioural Inattention Test, Thames Valley Test Company.Google Scholar
Wojciulik, E., Husain, M., Clarke, K., et al. (2001). Spatial working memory deficit in unilateral neglect. Neuropsychologia, 39(4), 390–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Worrall, B. B., Farace, E., Hillis, A. E., et al. (2001). Correlation of aphasia and/or neglect with cortical infarction in a subpopulation of RANTTAS. Cerebrovasc. Dis., 11(3), 257–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zorzi, M., Priftis, K. and Umilta, C. (2002). Brain damage: Neglect disrupts the mental number line. Nature, 417(6885), 138–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Hemispatial neglect
  • Edited by Olivier Godefroy, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, Julien Bogousslavsky, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland
  • Book: The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke
  • Online publication: 10 October 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511544880.010
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Hemispatial neglect
  • Edited by Olivier Godefroy, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, Julien Bogousslavsky, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland
  • Book: The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke
  • Online publication: 10 October 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511544880.010
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Hemispatial neglect
  • Edited by Olivier Godefroy, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, Julien Bogousslavsky, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland
  • Book: The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke
  • Online publication: 10 October 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511544880.010
Available formats
×