The fusion of the prespore vesicles (PSVs) with the plasma membrane creates an immature spore. A number of further events must occur before the cell can be assured of protection from desiccation, osmotic shock, or the digestive tracts of soil creatures. The spore proteins, galuran, and cellulose must be organized and cross-linked in such a way that they protect the delicate amoebae within. The formation of the coat, about which we know quite a lot, still presents a number of problems (Lydan and Cotter, 1994; West and Erdos, 1990; West et al., 1996). We know that a number of the prespore proteins and the polysaccharide galuran are synthesized and modified in the early and intermediate stages of the secretory pathway, and then stored in a regulated secretory compartment, the PSV (Srinivasan et al., 2000). We do not know how the proteins of the spore coat interact with cellulose. There are alternative views regarding the extent of pre-assembly of proteins into specific complexes in the PSV. There is no information on how the spore coat is anchored to the plasma membrane. We are beginning to understand the mechanism that the spores use to maintain their dormancy, but new components in these pathways remain to be discovered. We do not know a great deal about how the spores detect the appearance of nutrients and launch the developmental program that leads to germination and the re-establishment of amoeboid life.