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19 - Forecasting turning points in countries' output growth rates: a response to Milton Friedman (1999)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 October 2009

Arnold Zellner
Affiliation:
Professor, Emeritus of Economics and Statistics, Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
Chung-ki Min
Affiliation:
Department of Economics, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul
Arnold Zellner
Affiliation:
University of Chicago
Franz C. Palm
Affiliation:
Universiteit Maastricht, Netherlands
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Summary

In our past work (Zellner, Hong, and Min, 1991), we used variants of a simple autoregressive-leading indicator (ARLI) model and a Bayesian decision theoretic method to obtain correct forecasts in about 70 per cent of 158 turning point forecasts for eighteen industrialized countries' annual output growth rates during the period 1974–86. IMF data for 1951–73 were employed to estimate our models that were then employed to forecast downturns and upturns in annual growth rates for the period 1974–86. When Milton Friedman learned of our positive results, in a personal communication he challenged us to check our methods with an extended data set. This is indeed an important challenge since it is possible that we were just “lucky” in getting the positive results reported above. Earlier, we recognized such problems in that we began our forecasting experiments with just nine countries' data and forecasted for the period 1974–81. Later, in Zellner and Hong (1989) and in Zellner, Hong, and Min (1991), we expanded the number of countries from nine to eighteen and extended the forecast period to 1974–86 to check that the earlier positive results held up with an expanded sample of countries and data. Fortunately, results were positive and now we report such new results for eighteen countries' revised data involving 211 turning point episodes during the forecast period 1974–90.

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Chapter
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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2004

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References

Burns, A. F. and W. C. Mitchell (1946), Measuring Business Cycles using pre-World War II Data for the US, UK, French and German economies (New York, National Bureau of Economic Research)
Zellner, A. (1997), Bayesian Analysis in Econometrics and Statistics: The Zellner View and Papers (Cheltenham, Edward Elgar), http://www.e-elgar.co.uk and info⁁e-elgar.co.uk
Zellner, A. and Hong, C. (1989), “Forecasting international growth rates using Bayesian shrinkage and other procedures,” Journal of Econometrics, Annals 40, 183–202; chapter 14 in this volume. Also published in A. Zellner, , Bayesian Analysis in Econometrics and Statistics: The Zellner View and Papers (Cheltenham, Edward Elgar)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zellner, A., Hong, C., and Min, C. (1991), “Forecasting turning points in international output growth rates using Bayesian exponentially weighted autoregression, time-varying parameter, and pooling techniques,” Journal of Econometrics 49, 275–304; chapter 16 in this volume. Also published in A. Zellner, , Bayesian Analysis in Econometrics and Statistics: The Zellner View and Papers (Cheltenham, Edward Elgar)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zellner, A., J. Tobias, and H. Ryu (1998), “Bayesian method of moments analysis of time series models with applications to forecasting turning points.” [Published in Estadistica Journal of the Inter-American Statistical Institute 49–51 (152–157) (1997–1999), 3–63, with discussion by Enrique de Aelsa.] Manuscript in preparation

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