Aging is a complex process which occurs with various speeds in all vertebrate species. So far, most of the studies aiming at understanding of the mechanisms of human aging have involved animal models; recently it became evident that if we would like to better understand the aging in humans we should study it in humans. There are several theories to capture the process of aging, which have a common denominator of age-dependent loss of multiple bodily functions. However, it seems now very important to change this paradigm and to reconsider aging as a process of multidirectional dysregulation of many systems either intertwined or in parallel. The immune system is not an exception. The immune changes during aging are the consequence of the body immunological history reflecting continuous challenges by various antigenic aggressions. Both parts of the immune response are reacting but aging differentially. Thus, the sum of the immune changes reflects the continuous adaptations and remodelling either in increase or in decrease. Inflammaging and immunosenescence are the same but the two sides of the medal as one cannot exist without the other. The immune changes in connection with the neuroendocrine system importantly contribute to the health and disease associated with aging.