References

Peter D. Clift; Jade d'Alpoim Guedes

doi:10.1017/9781139342889.008

References

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 17 December 2020

Peter D. Clift and

Jade d'Alpoim Guedes

Show author details

Peter D. Clift: Affiliation:
Louisiana State University
Jade d'Alpoim Guedes: Affiliation:
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego

Book contents

Get access

Summary

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'

Type: Chapter
Information: Monsoon Rains, Great Rivers and the Development of Farming Civilisations in Asia , pp. 281 - 334

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139342889.008 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Achuthavarier, D., Krishnamurthy, V., Kirtman, B. P., Huang, B. H., 2012. Role of the Indian Ocean in the ENSO-Indian summer monsoon teleconnection in the NCEP Climate Forecast System. Journal of Climate, 25: 2490–2508.Google Scholar

Achyuthan, H., Quade, J., Roe, L., Placzek, C., 2007. Stable isotopic composition of pedogenic carbonates from the eastern margin of the Thar Desert, Rajasthan, India. Quaternary International, 162–163: 50–60.CrossRef Google Scholar

Acosta, R. P., Huber, M., 2017. The neglected Indo‐Gangetic Plains low‐level jet and its importance for moisture transport and precipitation during the peak summer monsoon. Geophys. Res. Lett., 44: 8601–8610. DOI:10.1002/2017GL074440.Google Scholar

Adams, J., 1997. Global Land Environments since the Last Interglacial. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, USA, p. 20.Google Scholar

Ahmad, N., Sufi, A., Hussain, T., 1993. Water Resources of Pakistan. Publisher Shahzad Nazir, Gulberg, Lahore, Pakistan.Google Scholar

Ahmed, M. F., Rogers, J. D., Ismail, E. H., 2018. Knickpoints along the upper Indus River, Pakistan: an exploratory survey of geomorphic processes. Swiss Journal of Geosciences, 111(1): 191–204. DOI:10.1007/s00015-017-0290-3.Google Scholar

Ahn, S.-M., 2010. The emergence of rice agriculture in Korea: archaeobotanical perspectives. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2(2): 89–98.Google Scholar

Alam, U. Z., 2002. Questioning the water wars rationale: a case study of the Indus Waters Treaty. Geographical Journal, 168(4): 341–353. DOI:10.1111/j.0016-7398.2002.00060.x.Google Scholar

Alfieri, L., Feyen, L., Salamon, P., Thielen, J., Bianchi, A., Dottori, F., Burek, P., 2016. Modelling the socio-economic impact of river floods in Europe. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 16(6): 1401–1411. DOI:10.5194/nhess-16-1401-2016.CrossRef Google Scholar

Alizai, A., Carter, A., Clift, P. D., VanLaningham, S., Williams, J. C., Kumar, R., 2011a. Sediment provenance, reworking and transport processes in the Indus River by U-Pb dating of detrital zircon grains. Global and Planetary Change, 76: 33–55. DOI:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.11.008.CrossRef Google Scholar

Alizai, A., Clift, P. D., Giosan, L., VanLaningham, S., Hinton, R., Tabrez, A. R., Danish, M., EIMF, 2011b. Pb isotopic variability in the modern and Holocene Indus River system measured by Ion Microprobe in detrital K-feldspar grains. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 75: 4771–4795. DOI:10.1016/j.gca.2011.05.039.CrossRef Google Scholar

Alizai, A., Hillier, S., Clift, P. D., Giosan, L., 2012. Clay mineral variations in Holocene terrestrial sediments from the Indus Basin; a response to SW Asian Monsoon variability. Quaternary Research, 77(3): 368–381. DOI:10.1016/j.yqres.2012.01.008.Google Scholar

Allaby, M., Garratt, R., 2003. Facts on File Dangerous Weather Series: Floods. Facts on File, New York, p. 142.Google Scholar

Allan, R., Lindesay, J., Parker, D., 1996. El Nino: Southern Oscillation and Climatic Variability. CSIRO Publishing, Canberra, p. 416.Google Scholar

Alley, K. D., 2010. The Goddess Ganga: Her Power, Mythos, and Worldly Challenges. Goddesses in World Culture. Praeger, Santa Barbara, California, USA, pp. 33–48.Google Scholar

An, C.-B., Feng, Z., Tang, L., 2004. Environmental change and cultural response between 8000 and 4000 cal. yr BP in the western Loess Plateau, northwest China. Journal of Quaternary Science, 19: 529–535.Google Scholar

An, Z., 2000. The history and variability of the East Asian paleomonsoon climate. Quaternary Science Reviews, 19: 171–187.Google Scholar

An, Z. S., Wu, X. H., Wang, P. X., Wang, S. M., Dong, G. R., Sun, X. J., Zhang, D. E., Lu, Y. C., Zheng, S. H., Zhao, S. L., 1991. Changes in the monsoon and associated environmental changes in China since the last interglacial. In: Liu, T. S. (ed.), Loess, Environment and Global Change. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 1–29.Google Scholar

Anderson, E. N., 1988. The Food of China. Yale University Press, New Haven.Google Scholar

Annamalai, H., Hamilton, K., Sperber, K. R., 2007. The South Asian summer monsoon and its relationship with ENSO in the IPCC AR4 simulations. Journal of Climate, 20: 1071–1092.Google Scholar

Annamalai, H., Liu, P., 2005. Response of the Asian summer monsoon to changes in El Niño properties. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 131: 805–831.CrossRef Google Scholar

Annamalai, H., Sperber, K. R., 2016. South Asian summer monsoon variability in a changing climate. In: de Carvalho, L. M. V., Jones, C. (eds.), The Monsoons and Climate Change: Observations and Modeling. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp.25–46.Google Scholar

Anshari, G., Kershaw, A. P., van der Kaars, S., 2001. A late Pleistocene and Holocene pollen and charcoal record from peat swamp forest, Lake Sentarum Wildlife Reserve, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 171(3–4): 213–228.Google Scholar

Arimoto, R., 2001. Eolian dust and climate: relationships to sources, tropospheric chemistry, transport and deposition. Earth-Science Reviews, 54(1–3): 29–42.CrossRef Google Scholar

Arnold, D., 1999. Hunger in the garden of plenty: the Bengal famine of 1770. In: Johns, A. (ed.), Dreadful Visitations: Confronting Natural Catastrophe in the Age of Enlightenment. Routledge, New York, pp. 81–111.Google Scholar

Ashraf, M., Majeed, A., 2006. Water Requirements of Major Crops for Different Agro-Climatic Zones of Balochistan. IUCN, Water programme, Balochistan Programme Office, Karachi.Google Scholar

Ashton, B., Hill, K., Piazza, A., Zeitz, R., 1992. Famine in China, 1958–61. In: Poston, D. L., Yaukey, D. (eds.), The Population of Modern China. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp.225–271.Google Scholar

Auffhammer, M., Ramanathan, V., Vincent, J. R., 2012. Climate change, the monsoon, and rice yield in India. Climatic Change, 111(2): 411–424. DOI:10.1007/s10584-011-0208-4.Google Scholar

Awan, T. H., Chauhan, B. S., Cruz, P. C. S., 2014. Growth plasticity of Junglerice (Echinochloa colona) for resource use when grown with different rice (Oryza sativa) planting densities and nitrogen rates in dry-seeded conditions. Weed Science, 62(4): 571–587.Google Scholar

Azad, S., Rajeevan, M., 2016. Possible shift in the ENSO-Indian monsoon rainfall relationship under future global warming. Scientific Reports, 6: 20145.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Bae, C. J., Kim, J. C., 2010. The late Paleolithic-Neolithic transition in Korea: current archaeological and radiocarbon perspectives. Radiocarbon, 52(2): 493–499. DOI:10.1017/S0033822200045525.Google Scholar

Bailey, I. W., Sinnott, E. W., 1916. The climatic distribution of certain types of angiosperm leaves. American Journal of Botany, 3(1): 24–39. DOI:10.2307/2435109.Google Scholar

Balaguru, K., Taraphdar, S., Leung, L. R., Foltz, G. R., 2014. Increase in the intensity of postmonsoon Bay of Bengal tropical cyclones. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(10): 3594–3601. DOI:10.1002/2014gl060197.Google Scholar

Balla, K., Karsai, I., Bónis, P., Kiss, T., Berki, Z., Horváth, Á., Mayer, M., Bencze, S., Veisz, O., 2019. Heat stress responses in a large set of winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) depend on the timing and duration of stress. PLoS ONE, 14(9): e0222639. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0222639.CrossRef Google Scholar

Baltensperger, D. D., 2002. Progress with Proso, Pearl and other millets. In: Janick, J., Whipkey, A. (eds.), Trends in New Crops and New Uses. ASHS Press, Alexanderia, USA, pp. 100–103.Google Scholar

Bamber, J. L., Oppenheimer, M., Kopp, R. E., Aspinall, W. P., Cooke, R. M., 2019. Ice sheet contributions to future sea-level rise from structured expert judgment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(23): 11195–11200. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1817205116.Google Scholar

Bamberg, A., Rosenthal, Y., Paul, A., Heslop, D., Mulitza, S., Rühlemann, C., Schulz, M., 2010. Reduced North Atlantic Central Water formation in response to early Holocene ice sheet melting. Geophysical Research Letters, 37(L17705). DOI:10.1029/2010GL043878.CrossRef Google Scholar

Bandyopadhyay, J., 2013. Securing the Himalayas as the water tower of Asia: An environmental perspective. Asia Policy, 16: 45–50. DOI:10.1353/asp.2013.0042.CrossRef Google Scholar

Bannister, D., Herzog, M., Graf, H.-F., Hosking, J.S., Short, C.A., 2017. An assessment of recent and future temperature change over the Sichuan Basin, China, Using CMIP5 Climate Models. Journal of Climate, 30(17): 6701–6722. DOI:10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0536.1.Google Scholar

Bao, Y., You, Q., 2019. How do westerly jet streams regulate the winter snow depth over the Tibetan Plateau? Climate Dynamics, 53: 353–370. DOI:10.1007/s00382-018-4589-1.Google Scholar

Bar-Yosef, O., 2011. Climatic fluctuations and early farming in West and East Asia. Current Anthropology, 52(S4): S175–S193.Google Scholar

Barber, D. C., Dyke, A., Hillaire, M. C., Jennings, A. E., Andrews, J. T., Kerwin, M. W., Bilodeau, G., McNeely, R., Southon, J., Morehead, M. D., Gagnon, J. M., 1999. Forcing of the cold event of 8,200 years ago by catastrophic drainage of Laurentide lakes. Nature, 400: 344–348.Google Scholar

Barker, R., 2011. The origin and spread of early-ripening champa rice: it’s impact on Song Dynasty China. Rice, 4(3): 184.Google Scholar

Barnes, G., 2015. Archaeology of East Asia. Oxbow books, Oxford.Google Scholar

Barton, C. M., Ullah, I., Bergin, S. M., Mitasova, H., Sarjoughian, H., 2012. Looking for the future in the past: long-term change in socioecological systems. Ecological Modelling, 241: 42–53.Google Scholar

Barton, L., Brantingham, P. J., Ji, D. X., 2007. Late Pleistocene climate change and Paleolithic cultural evolution in northern China: implications from the Last Glacial Maximum. In: Madsen, D. B., Gao, X., Chen, F. H. (eds.), Late Quaternary Climate Change and Human Adaptation in Arid China. L. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 105–128.Google Scholar

Barton, L., Newsome, S. D., Chen, F. -H., Wang, H., Guilderson, T. P., Bettinger, R. L., 2009. Agricultural origins and the isotopic identity of domestication in Northern China. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(14): 5523–5528. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0809960106.Google Scholar

Bayly, C. A., 1988. Rulers, Townsmen and Bazaars: North Indian Society in the Age of British Expansion, 1770–1870. CUP Archive, Cambridge.Google Scholar

Becker, J., 1998. Hungry Ghosts: Mao’s Secret Famine. Holt Paperbacks, New York, p. 325.Google Scholar

Beinart, W., Coates, P., 1995. Historical Connections: Environment and History. Routledge, London.Google Scholar

Belcher, W. R., 2003. Fish exploitation of the Indus Valley tradition. In: Weber, S. A., Belcher, W. R. (eds.), In Indus Ethnobiology: New Perspectives from the Field. Lexington Books, Lanham, Maryland, pp. 95–174.Google Scholar

Belcher, W. R., Belcher, W. R., 2000. Geologic constraints on the Harappa archaeological site, Punjab Province, Pakistan. Geoarchaeology, 15(7): 679–713. DOI:10.1002/1520-6548(200010)15:7<679::aid-gea3>3.0.CO;2-9.Google Scholar

Bellwood, P., 2005. Asian farming diasporas? Agriculture, languages and genes in China and Southeast Asia. In: Stark, M. T. (ed.), Archaeology of Asia. Blackwell, Malden, MA, pp. 96–118.Google Scholar

Bestel, S., Crawford, G. W., Liu, L., Shi, J., Song, Y., Chen, X., 2014. The evolution of millet domestication, middle yellow river region, North China: evidence from charred seeds at the late Upper Paleolithic Shizitan Locality 9 site. The Holocene, 24(3): 261–265. DOI:10.1177/0959683613518595.Google Scholar

Bettinger, R. L., Barton, L., Morgan, C., 2010. The origins of food production in North China: a different kind of agricultural revolution. Evolutionary Anthropology, 19: 9–21.CrossRef Google Scholar

Bettinger, R.L., Barton, L., Richerson, P.J., Boyd, R., Hui, W., Won, C., 2007. The transition to agriculture in Northwestern China. Developments in Quaternary Sciences, 9: 83–101.CrossRef Google Scholar

Betzler, C., Eberli, G. P., Kroon, D., Wright, J. D., Swart, P. K., Nath, B. N., Alvarez-Zarikian, C. A., Alonso-García, M., Bialik, O. M., Blättler, C. L., Guo, J. A., Haffen, S., Horozai, S., Inoue, M., Jovane, L., Lanci, L., Laya, J. C., Mee, A. L. H., Lüdmann, T., Nakakuni, M., Niino, K., Petruny, L. M., Pratiwi, S. D., Reijmer, J. J. G., Reolid, J., Slagle, A. L., Sloss, C. R., Su, X., Yao, Z., Young, J. R., 2016. The abrupt onset of the modern South Asian Monsoon winds. Scientific Reports, 6: 29838. DOI:10.1038/srep29838.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Bhat, G. S., 2006. The Indian drought of 2002—a sub-seasonal phenomenon? Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 132(621): 2583–2602. DOI:10.1256/qj.05.13.Google Scholar

Bi, X., Sheng, G., Liu, X., Li, C., Fu, J., 2005. Molecular and carbon and hydrogen isotopic composition of n-alkanes in plant leaf waxes. Organic Geochemistry, 36(10): 1405–1417. DOI:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.06.001.Google Scholar

Bigg, G. R., Clark, C. D., Hughes, A. L. C., 2008. A last glacial ice sheet on the Pacific Russian coast and catastrophic change arising from coupled ice–volcanic interaction. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 265(3): 559–570. DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.10.052.Google Scholar

Biome 6000 team, 2004. Biome 6000 version 4.2. BIOMES data. www.bridge.bris.ac.uk/resources/Databases/.Google Scholar

Blanford, H.F., 1884. On the connection of the Himalayan snowfall with dry winds and seasons of draughts in India. Proceedings of the Royal Society, London, 37: 3–22.Google Scholar

Boaretto, E., Wu, X., Yuan, J., Bar-Yosef, O., Chu, V., Pan, Y., Liu, K., Cohen, D., Jiao, T., Li, S., Gu, H., Goldberg, P., Weiner, S., 2009. Radiocarbon dating of charcoal and bone collagen associated with early pottery at Yuchanyan Cave, Hunan Province, China. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(24): 9595–9600. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0900539106.Google Scholar

Bollasina, M. A., Ming, Y., Ramaswamy, V., 2011. Anthropogenic aerosols and the weakening of the South Asian Summer Monsoon. Science, 334(6055): 502–505. DOI:10.1126/science.1204994.Google Scholar

Bookhagen, B., 2010. Appearance of extreme monsoonal rainfall events and their impact on erosion in the Himalaya. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 1(1): 37–50. DOI:10.1080/19475701003625737.CrossRef Google Scholar

Bookhagen, B., Burbank, D. W., 2006. Topography, relief, and TRMM-derived rainfall variations along the Himalaya. Geophysical Research Letters, 33:(L08405). DOI:10.1029/2006GL026037.Google Scholar

Boos, W. R., Kuang, Z., 2010. Dominant control of the South Asian monsoon by orographic insulation versus plateau heating. Nature, 463: 218–222. DOI:10.1038/nature08707.Google Scholar

Bordoni, S., Schneider, T., 2008. Monsoons as eddy-mediated regime transitions of the tropical overturning circulations. Nature Geoscience, 1: 515–519.Google Scholar

Bosboom, R. E., Dupont-Nivet, G., Houben, A. J. P., Brinkhuis, H., Villa, G., Mandic, O., Stoica, M., Zachariasse, W. -J., Guo, Z., Li, C., 2011. Late Eocene sea retreat from the Tarim Basin (west China) and concomitant Asian paleoenvironmental change. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 299: 385–398.Google Scholar

Boschat, G., Terray, P., Masson, S., 2012. Robustness of SST teleconnections and precursory patterns associated with the Indian summer monsoon. Climate Dynamics, 38: 2143–2165.Google Scholar

Bouchery, P. 2010. Irrigation systems and religious interpretation of the local environment among the Hanis in Yunnan. In Lecomte-Tilouine, M. (ed.), Nature, Culture and Religion at the Crossroads of Asia: 318–342. Social Science Press, Delhi.Google Scholar

Bourassa, A. E., Robock, A., Randel, W. J., Deshler, T., Rieger, L. A., Lloyd, N. D., Llewellyn, E. J., Degenstein, D. A., 2012. Large volcanic aerosol load in the stratosphere linked to Asian monsoon transport. Science, 337(6090): 78–81. DOI:10.1126/science.1219371.Google Scholar

Bowman, D., 2019. Principles of Alluvial Fan Morphology. Springer, Dordrecht, p. 151.Google Scholar

Braconnot, P., Otto-Bliesner, B., Harrison, S., Joussaume, S., Peterchmitt, J. Y., Abe-Ouchi, A., Crucifix, M., Driesschaert, E., Fichefet, T., Hewitt, C. D., Kageyama, M., Kitoh, A., Laîné, A., Loutre, M. F., Marti, O., Merkel, U., Ramstein, G., Valdes, P., Weber, S. L., Yu, Y., Zhao, Y., 2007. Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 1: experiments and large-scale features. Clim. Past, 3(2): 261–277. DOI:10.5194/cp-3–261–2007.Google Scholar

Brantingham, P. J., Kerry, K. W., Krivoshapkin, A. I., Kuzmin, Y. V., 2004. Time-space dynamics in the early upper Paleolithic of Northeast Asia. In: Madsen, D. B. (ed.), Entering America: Northeast Asia and Beringia before the Last Glacial Maximum.The University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, pp. 255–284.Google Scholar

Brassell, S. C., Eglinton, G., Marlowe, I. T., Pflaumann, U., Sarnthein, M., 1986. Molecular stratigraphy: a new tool for climatic assessment. Nature, 320: 129–133. DOI:10.1038/320129a0.Google Scholar

Bray, F., 1986. The Rice Economies: Technology and Development in Asian Societies. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.Google Scholar

Bray, F., 1994. The Rice Economies: Technology and Development in Asian Societies. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, p. 254.Google Scholar

Bray, F., Needham, J., 1984. Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 6, Biology and Biological Technology, Part 2, Agriculture. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar

Brecht, H., Dasgupta, S., Laplante, B., Murray, S., Wheeler, D., 2012. Sea-level rise and storm surges: high stakes for a small number of developing countries. The Journal of Environment & Development, 21(1): 120–138. DOI:10.1177/1070496511433601.Google Scholar

Breitenbach, S. F. M., Adkins, J. F., Meyer, H., Marwan, N., Kumar, K. K., Haug, G. H., 2010. Strong influence of water vapor source dynamics on stable isotopes in precipitation observed in Southern Meghalaya, NE India. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 292(1): 212–220. DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.038.CrossRef Google Scholar

Briscoe, J., Qamar, U., Contijoch, M., Amir, P., Blackmore, D., 2006. Pakistan’s Water Economy: Running Dry. Oxford University Press, Karachi.Google Scholar

Brown, S., Nicholls, R. J., Lowe, J. A., Hinkel, J., 2016. Spatial variations of sea-level rise and impacts: an application of DIVA. Climatic Change, 134(3): 403–416. DOI:10.1007/s10584-013-0925-y.Google Scholar

Brubaker, K. L., Entekhabi, D., Eagleson, P. S., 1993. Estimation of continental precipitation recycling. Journal of Climate, 6: 1077–1089.Google Scholar

Brumfiel, E., 1992. Distinguished lecture in archaeology: breaking and entering the ecosystem-gender, class, and faction steal the show. American Anthropologist, 94(3): 551–568.Google Scholar

Burbank, D. W., Derry, L. A., France-Lanord, C., 1993. Reduced Himalayan sediment production 8 Myr ago despite an intensified monsoon. Nature, 364: 48–50.Google Scholar

Burns, S. J., Fleitmann, D., Matter, A., Neff, U., Mangini, A., 2001. Speleothem evidence from Oman for continental pluvial events during interglacial periods. Geology (Boulder), 29(7): 623–626.Google Scholar

Bush, A. B., 2004. Modelling of late quaternary climate over Asia: a synthesis. Boreas, 33: 155–163.Google Scholar

Butler, E. E., Huybers, P., 2013. Adaptation of US maize to temperature variations. Nature Climate Change, 3(1): 68.Google Scholar

Butler, E. E., Huybers, P., 2015. Variations in the sensitivity of US maize yield to extreme temperatures by region and growth phase. Environmental Research Letters, 10(3): 034009. DOI:10.1088/1748-9326/10/3/034009.Google Scholar

Cai, Y. J., Tan, L., Cheng, H., An, Z., Edwards, R. L., Kelly, M. J., Kong, X., Wang, X., 2010. The variation of summer monsoon precipitation in central China since the last deglaciation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 291: 21–31. DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.12.039.Google Scholar

Camoin, G. F., Montaggioni, L. F., Braithwaite, C. J. R., 2004. Late glacial to post glacial sea levels in the western Indian Ocean. Marine Geology, 206(1–4): 119–146. DOI:10.1016/j.margeo.2004.02.003.Google Scholar

Cao, S., Liu, X., Er, H., 2010a. Dujiangyan irrigation system – a world cultural heritage corresponding to concepts of modern hydraulic science. Journal of Hydro-Environment Research, 4(1): 3–13. DOI:10.1016/j.jher.2009.09.003.Google Scholar

Cao, X., Xu, Q., Jing, Z., Tang, J., Li, Y., Tian, F., 2010b. Holocene climate change and human impacts implied from the pollen records in Anyang, central China. Quaternary International, 227: 3–9.Google Scholar

Cao, Z. H., Ding, J. L., Hu, Z. Y., Knicker, H., Kagel-Knabner, I., Yang, L. Z., Yin, R., Lin, X. G., Dong, Y. H., 2006. Ancient paddy soils from the Neolithic age in China’s Yangtze River Delta. Naturwissenschaften, 93(5): 232–236.Google Scholar

Cappucci, M., Freedman, A., 2019. From Tropical Storm to Category 5 in 18 Hours: Super Typhoon Hagibis Intensifies at One of the Fastest Rates on Record, Washington Post, Washington DC.Google Scholar

Cardenas, A., 1983. A pheno-climatological assessment of millets and other cereal grains in tropical cropping patterns, University of Nebraska, Master of Science. Department of Horticulture.Google Scholar

Casazza, M., Lega, M., Liu, G., Ulgiati, S., Endreny, T. A., 2018. Aerosol pollution, including eroded soils, intensifies cloud growth, precipitation, and soil erosion: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 189: 135–144. DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.004.Google Scholar

Castillo, C., 2011. Rice in Thailand: the archaeobotanical contribution. Rice, 4(3): 114–120. DOI:10.1007/s12284-011-9070-2.Google Scholar

Castillo, C., Fuller, D. Q., 2010. Still too fragmentary and dependent upon chance? Advances in the study of early Southeast Asian archaeobotany. In: Bellina, Bacus, Pryce, Weissman Christie (eds.), 50 Years of Archaeology in Southeast Asia. River Books, London, pp. 91–111.Google Scholar

Castillo, C. C., Bellina, B., Fuller, D. Q., 2016. Rice, beans and trade crops on the early maritime Silk Route in Southeast Asia. Antiquity, 90(353): 1255–1269. DOI:10.15184/aqy.2016.175.Google Scholar

Castillo, C. C., Fuller, D. Q., Piper, P. J., Bellwood, P., Oxenham, M., 2018. Hunter-gatherer specialization in the late Neolithic of southern Vietnam – The case of Rach Nui. Quaternary International, 489: 63–79. DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2016.11.034.Google Scholar

Chakraborty, T., Kar, R., Ghosh, P., Basu, S., 2010. Kosi megafan: historical records, geomorphology and the recent avulsion of the Kosi River. Quaternary International, 227(2): 143–160.Google Scholar

Charles, C. D., Hunter, D. E., Fairbanks, R. G., 1997. Interaction between the ENSO and the Asian monsoon in a coral record of tropical climate. Science, 277: 925–928.CrossRef Google Scholar

Chauhan, O. S., Vogelsang, E., Basavaiah, N., Kader, U. S. A., 2010. Reconstruction of the variability of SW monsoon during the past 3 Ka from the continental margin of the South Eastern Arabian Sea. Journal of Quaternary Science, 25(5): 798–807.CrossRef Google Scholar

Chen, F., Xu, Q., Chen, J., Birks, H. J. B., Liu, J., Zhang, S., Jin, L., An, C., Telford, R. J., Cao, X., 2015a. East Asian summer monsoon precipitation variability since the last deglaciation. Scientific Reports, 5: 11186.Google Scholar

Chen, F. H., Dong, G. H., Zhang, D. J., Liu, X. Y., Jia, X., An, C. B., Ma, M. M., Xie, Y. W., Barton, L., Ren, X. Y., Zhao, Z. J., Wu, X. H., Jones, M. K., 2015b. Agriculture facilitated permanent human occupation of the Tibetan Plateau after 3600 B.P. Science, 349(6219): 248–250.Google Scholar

Chen, F. H., Shi, Q., Wang, J.M., 1999. Environmental changes documented by sedimentation of Lake Yiema in arid China since the Late Glaciation. Journal of Paleolimnology, 22: 159–169.Google Scholar

Chen, J., Rao, Z., Liu, J., Huang, W., Feng, S., Dong, G., Hu, Y., Xu, Q., Chen, F., 2016a. On the timing of the East Asian summer monsoon maximum during the Holocene—Does the speleothem oxygen isotope record reflect monsoon rainfall variability? Science China Earth Sciences, 59(12): 2328–2338. DOI:10.1007/s11430-015–5500-5.Google Scholar

Chen, S., Kung, J. K.-s., 2011. The Malthusian Quagmire: maize and population growth in China, 1500–1900. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, working paper. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/46e6/c9e14a5182a8da14841c7f0f6cd02253b3b4.pdf.Google Scholar

Chen, S., Yu, P. -L., 2017. Intensified foraging and the roots of farming in China. Journal of Anthropological Research, 73(3): 381–412. DOI:10.1086/692660.Google Scholar

Chen, T., Xia, G., Liu, T., Chen, W., Chi, D., 2016b. Assessment of drought impact on main cereal crops using a standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index in Liaoning Province, China. Sustainability, 8(10): 1069. DOI:10.3390/su8101069.Google Scholar

Chen, X., Tung, K. -K., 2014. Varying planetary heat sink led to global-warming slowdown and acceleration. Science, 345(6199): 897–903 DOI:10.1126/science.1254937.Google Scholar

Chen, X., Zhang, X., Church, J. A., Watson, C. S., King, M. A., Monselesan, D., Legresy, B., Harig, C., 2017. The increasing rate of global mean sea-level rise during 1993–2014. Nature Climate Change, 7: 492. DOI:10.1038/nclimate3325.CrossRef Google Scholar

Chen, Y., Li, W., Deng, H., Fang, G., Li, Z., 2016c. Changes in Central Asia’s water tower: past, present and future. Scientific Reports, 6: 35458. DOI:10.1038/srep35458.Google Scholar

Chen, Y., Syvitski, J. P., Gao, S., Overeem, I., Kettner, A. J., 2012. Socio-economic impacts on flooding: a 4000-year history of the Yellow River, China. Ambio, 41(7): 682–698.Google Scholar

Chen, Z., Li, J., Shen, H., Zhanghua, W., 2001. Yangtze River of China: historical analysis of discharge variability and sediment flux. Geomorphology, 41(2): 77–91. DOI:10.1016/S0169-555X(01)00106-4.Google Scholar

Cheng, R., Dong, Z., 2010. Breeding and production of foxtail millet in China. In: He, Z., Bonjean, A.P.A. (eds.), Cereals in China. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Mexico, pp. 87–97.Google Scholar

Chi, Z., 2002. The discovery of early pottery in China. Documenta Praehistorica, 29: 29–35.Google Scholar

Chou, C., Neelin, J. D., Chen, C. A., Tu, J. Y., 2009. Evaluating the “rich-get-richer” mechanism in tropical precipitation change under global warming. Journal of Climate, 99: 1982–2005.Google Scholar

Chun, C. K., 1961. Agrarian policy of the Chinese Communist Party. Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 16(902–2016-66960): 79–80.Google Scholar

Clark, J. A., Lingle, C. S., 1977. Future sea-level changes due to West Antarctic ice sheet fluctuations. Nature, 269(5625): 206.Google Scholar

Clark, M. K., House, M. A., Royden, L. H., Whipple, K. X., Burchfiel, B. C., Zhang, X., Tang, W., 2005. Late Cenozoic uplift of southeastern Tibet. Geology, 33(6): 525–528. DOI:10.1130/G21265.1.Google Scholar

Clarke, G., Leverington, D., Teller, J., Dyke, A., 2004. Paleohydraulics of the last outburst flood from glacial Lake Agassiz and the 8200 BP cold event. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23: 389–407.CrossRef Google Scholar

Clemens, S. C., Holbourn, A., Kubota, Y., Lee, K. E., Liu, Z., Chen, G., Nelson, A., Fox-Kemper, B., 2018. Precession-band variance missing from East Asian monsoon runoff. Nature Communications, 9(1): 3364. DOI:10.1038/s41467-018-05814-0.Google Scholar

Clemens, S. C., Murray, D. W., Prell, W. L., 1996. Nonstationary phase of the Plio-Pleistocene Asian monsoon. Science, 274(5289): 943–948.Google Scholar

Clemens, S. C., Prell, W. L., 2003. A 350,000 year summer-monsoon multi-proxy stack from the Owen Ridge, Northern Arabian Sea. Marine Geology, 201: 35–51.Google Scholar

Clemens, S. C., Prell, W. L., Sun, Y., 2010. Orbital-scale timing and mechanisms driving Late Pleistocene Indo-Asian summer monsoons: Reinterpreting cave speleothem ∂¹⁸O. Paleoceanography, 25(PA4207). DOI:10.1029/2010PA001926.Google Scholar

Clift, P. D., Webb, A. G., 2018. A history of the Asian monsoon and its interactions with solid Earth tectonics in Cenozoic South Asia. In: Searle, M.P., Treloar, P.J. (eds.), Himalayan Tectonics: A Modern Synthesis. Special Publications, Geological Society, London, 631–652.Google Scholar

Clift, P. D., Carter, A., Giosan, L., Durcan, J., Tabrez, A. R., Alizai, A., Van Laningham, S., Duller, G. A. T., Macklin, M. G., Fuller, D. Q., Danish, M., 2012. U-Pb zircon dating evidence for a Pleistocene Sarasvati River and Capture of the Yamuna River. Geology, 40(3): 212–215. DOI:10.1130/G32840.1.Google Scholar

Clift, P. D., Giosan, L., Henstock, T., Tabrez, A. R., 2014. Sediment storage and reworking on the shelf and in the Canyon of the Indus River-Fan System since the last glacial maximum. Basin Research, 26: 183–202. DOI:10.1111/bre.12041.CrossRef Google Scholar

Clift, P. D., Hodges, K., Heslop, D., Hannigan, R., Hoang, L. V., Calves, G., 2008. Greater Himalayan exhumation triggered by Early Miocene monsoon intensification. Nature Geoscience, 1: 875–880. DOI:10.1038/ngeo351.Google Scholar

Cobo Castillo, C., 2018. The archaeobotany of Khao Sek. Archaeological Research in Asia, 13: 74–77. DOI:10.1016/j.ara.2017.05.002.Google Scholar

Coggan, M., 2008. Death toll rises from Indian floods. Australian Broadcasting Corporation, www.abc.net.au/news/2008–08-29/death-toll-rises-from-indian-floods/493582.Google Scholar

Cojean, R., Caï, Y. J., 2011. Analysis and modeling of slope stability in the Three-Gorges Dam reservoir (China) – The case of Huangtupo landslide. Journal of Mountain Science, 8(2): 166. DOI:10.1007/s11629-011–2100-0.Google Scholar

Colin, C., Siani, G., Sicre, M. -A., Liu, Z., 2010. Impact of the East Asian monsoon rainfall changes on the erosion of the Mekong River basin over the past 25,000 yr. Marine Geology, 271(1–2): 84–92. DOI:10.1016/j.margeo.2010.01.013.Google Scholar

Colinet, G., Koulos, K., Bozhi, W., Yongmei, L., Lacroix, D., Youbo, S., Chapelle, J., Fullen, M. A., Hocking, T., Bock, L., 2011. Agro-pedological assessment of the traditional Yuanyang rice terraces of Yunnan Province, China. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2(4): 353–362Google Scholar

Condon, E., Hillmann, P., King, J., Lang, K., Patz, A., 2009. Resource disputes in South Asia: Water scarcity and the potential for interstate conflict, Workshop in International Public Affairs, p. 1. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.404.2127&rep=rep1&type=pdf.Google Scholar

Coningham, R., Young, R., 2015. The Archaeology of South Asia: From the Indus to Asoka, c.6500 BCE–200 CE. Cambridge World Archaeology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar

Conklin, H., 2008. Ethnoecological approach to shifting agriculture, ethnoecology and the defense of swidden agriculture. Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, 17: 133–142. DOI:10.1111/j.2164-0947.1954.tb00402.x Google Scholar

Conklin, H.C., 1969. An ethnoecological approach to shifting agriculture. In: Vayda, A.P. (ed.), Environment and Cultural Behavior. The Natural History Press, New York, pp. 221–233.Google Scholar

Constantini, L., 1984. The beginning of agriculture in the Kachi Plain: the evidence of Mehrgarh. In: Allchin, B. (ed.), South Asian Archaeology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 29–33.Google Scholar

Contreras, D., 2015. Correlation is not enough. Building better arguments in the archaeology of human environment interactions. In: Contreras, D. (ed.), The Archaeology of Human Environment Interactions. The Natural History Press, New York, pp. 3–22.Google Scholar

Cook, E. R., Anchukaitis, K. J., Buckley, B. M., D’Arrigo, R. D., Jacoby, G. C., Wright, W. E., 2010. Asian monsoon failure and megadrought during the last millennium. Science, 328(5977): 486–489. DOI:10.1126/science.1185188.Google Scholar

Cosmo, N. D., Hessl, A., Leland, C., Byambasuren, O., 2018. Environmental stress and steppe nomads: rethinking the history of the Uyghur Empire (744–840) with paleoclimate data. Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 48(4): 439–463. DOI:10.1162/JINH_a_01194.Google Scholar

Courty, M. A., 1995. Late Quaternary environmental change and natural constraints to ancient landuse (Northwest India). In: Johnson, E. (ed.), Ancient Peoples and Landscapes. Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbok TX, pp. 106–126.Google Scholar

Craft, C., Clough, J., Ehman, J., Joye, S., Park, R., Pennings, S., Guo, H., Machmuller, M., 2009. Forecasting the effects of accelerated sea‐level rise on tidal marsh ecosystem services. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 7(2): 73–78.Google Scholar

Crawford, G., 2012. Early rice exploitation in the lower Yangzi valley: What are we missing? The Holocene, 22(6): 613–621. DOI:10.1177/0959683611424177.Google Scholar

Crawford, G., Chen, X., Wang, J., 2006. 山东济南长清地月庄遗址发现的后李文化时期的碳化稻 Shandong Jinan Changqing Diqu Yuezhuang Yizhi Faxian de Houli Wenhua Shiqi de Tanhuadao (Discovery of fossilized crops from the Houli site of Yuezhuang in the Jinan Region of Shandong). Dongfang Kaogu, 3: 247–251.Google Scholar

Crawford, G., Lee, G. A., 2003. Agricultural origins in the Korean Peninsula. Antiquity, 77(295): 87–95.CrossRef Google Scholar

Crawford, G., Underhill, A. P., Zhao, Z., Lee, G. A., Feinman, G., Nicholas, L., Luan, F., Yu, H., Fang, H., Cai, F., 2005. Late Neolithic plant remains from Northern China: Preliminary results from Liangchengzhen, Shandong. Current Anthropology, 46(2): 309–317.Google Scholar

Crawford, G. W., 1992. The transitions to agriculture in Japan. In Gebauer, Anne E., Price, T Douglas (eds.), Transitions to Agriculture in Prehistory. Prehistory Press, Madison, WI, pp. 117–132.Google Scholar

Crawford, G. W., 2011. Advances in understanding early agriculture in Japan. Current Anthropology, 52(S4): S331–S345. DOI:10.1086/658369.Google Scholar

Crosby, A. W. J., 2003. The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492. Praeger, Westport, CT.Google Scholar

Crowley, T. J., Berner, R. A., 2001. CO2 and climate change. Science, 292: 870–872. DOI:10.1126/science.1061664.Google Scholar

Crutzen, P. J., 2002. Geology of mankind. Nature, 415(6867): 23. DOI:10.1038/415023a.Google Scholar

Crutzen, P. J., Stoermer, E. F., 2000. The ‘Anthropocene’. Global Change Newsletter, 41: 17–18.Google Scholar

Cui, L., Ge, Z., Yuan, L., Zhang, L., 2015. Vulnerability assessment of the coastal wetlands in the Yangtze Estuary, China to sea-level rise. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 156: 42–51. DOI:10.1016/j.ecss.2014.06.015.Google Scholar

Cui, X., Graf, H. -F., Langmann, B., Chen, W., Huang, R., 2007. Hydrological impacts of deforestation on the Southeast Tibetan Plateau. Earth Interactions, 11(15): 1–18. DOI:10.1175/ei223.1.Google Scholar

Currie, B. S., Rowley, D. B., Tabor, N. J., 2005. Middle Miocene paleoaltimetry of southern Tibet: implications for the role of mantle thickening and delamination in the Himalayan orogen. Geology (Boulder), 33(3): 181–184.Google Scholar

Currie, R. I., Fisher, A. E., Hargreaves, P. M., 1973. Arabian Sea upwelling. In: Zeitschel, B., Golach, S. A. (eds.), The Biology of the Indian Ocean. Springer, New York, pp. 37–52.Google Scholar

Curry, W. B., Ostermann, D. R., Guptha, M. V. S., Itekkot, V., 1992. Foraminiferal production and monsoonal upwelling in the Arabian Sea; evidence from sediment traps. In: Summerhayes, C. P., Prell, W. L., Emeis, K. C. (eds.), Upwelling Systems: Evolution since the Early Miocene. Special Publication. Geological Society, London, pp. 93–106.Google Scholar

d’Alpoim Guedes, J., 2011. Millets, rice, social complexity, and the spread of agriculture to the Chengdu Plain and Southwest China. Rice, 4(3–4): 104–113. 10.1007/s12284-011–9071-1.Google Scholar

d’Alpoim Guedes, J., 2015. Rethinking the spread of agriculture to the Tibetan Plateau. The Holocene, 25(9): 1498–1510.Google Scholar

d’Alpoim Guedes, J., 2016. Model building, model testing, and the spread of agriculture to the Tibetan Plateau. Archaeological Research in Asia, 5(2016): 16–23.Google Scholar

d’Alpoim Guedes, J, Jin, G, Bocinsky, RK 2015. The impact of climate on the spread of rice to North-Eastern China: A new look at the data from Shandong Province. PLOS ONE, 10(6): e0130430. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130430.Google Scholar

d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Lu, H., Hein, A., Schmidt, A. H., 2015. Early evidence for the use of wheat and barley as staple crops on the margins of the Tibetan Plateau. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(18): 5625–5630.Google Scholar

d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Ming, J., He, K., Xiaohong, W.,Jiang, Z., 2013. Site of Baodun yields the earliest evidence for the spread of rice and foxtail millet agriculture to Southwest China. Antiquity, 87: 758–771.Google Scholar

d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Austermann, J., Mitrovica, J. X., 2016a. Changing sea level during Meltwater Pulse 1 A and lost foraging opportunities for East Asian Hunter-Gatherers. Geoarchaeology, 31(4): 255–266. DOI 10.1002/gea.21542.Google Scholar

d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Bocinsky, R. K., 2018. Climate change stimulated agricultural innovation and exchange across Asia. Science Advances, 4(10): eaar4491. DOI:10.1126/sciadv.aar4491.Google Scholar

d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Butler, E., 2014. Modeling constraints on the spread of agriculture to Southwest China with thermal niche models. Quaternary International, 349(2014): 29–41.Google Scholar

d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Jin, G., Bocinsky, R. K., 2015. The impact of climate on the spread of rice agriculture to North-Eastern China: An example from Shandong. PLOS-One, 10(6): e0130430.Google Scholar

d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Lu, H., Li, Y., Spengler, R. N., Wu, X., Aldenderfer, M. S., 2014. Moving agriculture onto the Tibetan plateau: The archaeobotanical evidence. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 6(3): 255–269.Google Scholar

d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Manning, S. W., Bocinsky, R. K., 2016b. A 5,500-year model of changing crop niches on the Tibetan Plateau. Current Anthropology, 57(4): 517–522. 10.1086/687255.Google Scholar

d’Alpoim Guedes, J. A., Crabtree, S. A., Bocinsky, R. K., Kohler, T. A., 2016c. Twenty-first century approaches to ancient problems: Climate and society. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(51): 14483–14491. 10.1073/pnas.1616188113.Google Scholar

Dai, A., 2013. Increasing drought under global warming in observations and models. Nature Climate Change, 3: 52–58. DOI:10.1038/nclimate1633.Google Scholar

Dai, A., Rasmussen, R. M., Liu, C., Ikeda, K., Prein, A. F., 2017. A new mechanism for warm-season precipitation response to global warming based on convection-permitting simulations. Climate Dynamics, 55: 343–368.Google Scholar

Dai, A., Wigley, T. M. L., Boville, B. A., Kiehl, J. T., Buja, L. E., 2001. Climates of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries simulated by the NCAR Climate System Model. Journal of Climate, 14: 485–519.Google Scholar

Dai, Z., Liu, J. T., 2013. Impacts of large dams on downstream fluvial sedimentation: an example of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) on the Changjiang (Yangtze River). Journal of Hydrology, 480: 10–18.Google Scholar

Dal Martello, R., Min, R., Stevens, C., Higham, C., Higham, T., Qin, L., Fuller, D. Q., 2018. Early agriculture at the crossroads of China and Southeast Asia: Archaeobotanical evidence and radiocarbon dates from Baiyangcun, Yunnan. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 20: 711–721.Google Scholar

Dales, G. F., 1964. The mythical massacre at Mohenjo-daro. Expedition, 6: 36–43.Google Scholar

Dangendorf, S., Marcos, M., Wöppelmann, G., Conrad, C. P., Frederikse, T., Riva, R., 2017. Reassessment of 20th century global mean sea level rise. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(23): 5946–5951. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1616007114.Google Scholar

Dasgupta, S., Laplante, B., Meisner, C., Wheeler, D., Yan, J., 2007. The Impact of Sea Level Rise on Developing Countries: A Comparative Analysis, The World Bank, New York.Google Scholar

Dash, S. K., Kulkarni, M. A., Mohanty, U. C., Prasad, K., 2009. Changes in the characteristics of rain events in India. Journal of Geophysical Research, Atmospheres, 114(D10109), DOI:10.1029/2008JD010572.Google Scholar

Dash, S. K., Sharma, N., Pattnayak, K. C., Gao, X. J., Shi, Y., 2012. Temperature and precipitation changes in the north-east India and their future projections. Global and Planetary Change, 98–99: 31–44. DOI:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2012.07.006.Google Scholar

Davies, H. R., 1909. Yun-nan, the Link between India and the Yangtze. Cambridge University Press, London, UK.Google Scholar

Davis, M., 2001. Late Victorian Holocausts: El Niño Famines and the Making of the Third World. Verso, London.Google Scholar

Day, J. W., Ramachandran, R., Giosan, L., Syvitski, J., Kemp, G. P., 2019. Delta Winners and Losers in the Anthropocene, Coasts and Estuaries. Elsevier, Dordrecht, pp. 149–165.Google Scholar

de Boer, H. J., Lammertsma, E. I., Wagner-Cremer, F., Dilcher, D. L., Wassen, M. J., Dekker, S. C., 2011. Climate forcing due to optimization of maximal leaf conductance in subtropical vegetation under rising CO₂. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(10): 4041–4046. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1100555108.Google Scholar

de Vries, B., 2006. In search of sustainability: What can we learn from the past? In: Hornborg, A., Crumley, C.L. (eds.), The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Challenge and Sustainability Since the Neolithic. Left Coast Press, Walnut Creek, CA, pp. 243–257.Google Scholar

Debroy, B., Debroy, D., 2011. The Holy Vedas: Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, Atharvaveda. BR Publishing Corporation, Delhi.Google Scholar

DeConto, R. M., Pollard, D., 2016. Contribution of Antarctica to past and future sea-level rise. Nature, 531: 591. DOI:10.1038/nature17145.Google Scholar

Demske, D., Tarasov, P. E., Wünnemann, B., Riedel, F., 2009. Late glacial and Holocene vegetation, Indian monsoon and westerly circulation in the Trans-Himalaya recorded in the lacustrine pollen sequence from Tso Kar, Ladakh, NW India. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 279(3–4): 172–185.Google Scholar

Deng, Z., Qin, L., Gao, Y., Weisskopf, A. R., Zhang, C., Fuller, D. Q., 2015. From early domesticated rice of the Middle Yangtze Basin to millet, rice and wheat agriculture: Archaeobotanical Macro-Remains from Baligang, Nanyang Basin, Central China (6700–500 BC). PLOS ONE, 10(10): e0139885. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0139885.Google Scholar

Denton, G. H., Broecker, W. S., 2008. Wobbly ocean conveyor circulation during the Holocene? Quaternary Science Reviews, 27(21): 1939–1950. DOI:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.08.008.Google Scholar

Dercourt, J., Ricou, L. E., Vrielynck, B., 1993. Atlas Tethys, Paleoenvironmental Maps. Gauthier-Villars, Paris, 307 pp.Google Scholar

Derry, L. A., France-Lanord, C., 1996. Neogene Himalayan weathering history and river ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr; impact on the marine Sr record. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 142: 59–74.Google Scholar

Diamond, J., 2005. Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed. Penguin, New York, p. 592.Google Scholar

Diao, X., 2017. Production and genetic improvement of minor cereals in China. The Crop Journal, 5(2): 103–114. DOI:10.1016/j.cj.2016.06.004.Google Scholar

Dillon, S. L., Shapter, F. M., Henry, R. J., Cordeiro, G., Izquierdo, L., Lee, L. S., 2007. Domestication to crop improvement: Genetic resources for sorghum and saccharum (Andropogoneae). Annals of Botany, 100(5): 975–989. DOI:10.1093/aob/mcm192.Google Scholar

Dixit, Y., Hodell, D. A., Giesche, A., Tandon, S. K., Gázquez, F., Saini, H. S., Skinner, L. C., Mujtaba, S. A. I., Pawar, V., Singh, R. N., Petrie, C. A., 2018. Intensified summer monsoon and the urbanization of Indus Civilization in northwest India. Scientific Reports, 8(1): 4225. DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-22504-5.Google Scholar

Dixit, Y., Hodell, D. A., Petrie, C. A., 2014. Abrupt weakening of the summer monsoon in northwest India ∼4100 yr ago. Geology, 42: 339‐342. DOI:10.1130/G35236.1.CrossRef Google Scholar

Dong, G., Yang, Y., Zhao, Y., Zhou, A., Zhang, X., Li, X., Chen, F., 2012. Human settlement and human–environment interactions during the historical period in Zhuanglang County, western Loess Plateau, China. Quaternary International, 281: 78–83. DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2012.05.006.Google Scholar

Donner, L., Schubert, W., Somerville, R. (eds.), 2011. The Development of Atmospheric General Circulation Models: Complexity, Synthesis and Computation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar

Doose-Rolinski, H., Rogalla, U., Scheeder, G., Lückge, A., von Rad, U., 2001. High-resolution temperature and evaporation changes during the late Holocene in the northeastern Arabian Sea. Paleoceanography, 16(4): 358–367.Google Scholar

Dore, J., 1959. Response of rice to small differences in length of day. Nature, 183: 413–414.Google Scholar

Dreybrodt, W., Scholz, D., 2011. Climatic dependence of stable carbon and oxygen isotope signals recorded in speleothems: From soil water to speleothem calcite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 75(3): 734–752. DOI:10.1016/j.gca.2010.11.002.Google Scholar

Drumond, A., Nieto, R., Gimeno, L., 2011. Sources of moisture for China and their variations during drier and wetter conditions in 2000–2004: a Lagrangian approach. Climate Research, 50(2–3): 215–225.Google Scholar

Duan, K., Yao, T., Thompson, L.G., 2004. Low-frequency of southern Asian monsoon variability using a 295-year record from the Dasuopu ice core in the central Himalayas. Geophysical Research Letters, 31(16): n/a-n/a. 10.1029/2004GL020015.Google Scholar

Dubbert, M., Werner, C., 2019. Water fluxes mediated by vegetation: emerging isotopic insights at the soil and atmosphere interfaces. New Phytologist, 221(4): 1754–1763. DOI:10.1111/nph.15547.Google Scholar

Duke, J., 1983. Handbook of Energy Crops. https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/dukeindex.html.Google Scholar

Durcan, J. A., Thomas, D. S. G., Gupta, S., Pawar, V., Singh, R. N., Petrie, C. A., 2019. Holocene landscape dynamics in the Ghaggar-Hakra palaeochannel region at the northern edge of the Thar Desert, northwest India. Quaternary International, 501: 317–327. DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2017.10.012.Google Scholar

Dykoski, C. A., Edwards, R. L., Cheng, H., Yuan, D., Cai, Y., Zhang, M., Lin, Y., Qing, J., An, Z., Revenaugh, J., 2005. A high-resolution, absolute-dated holocene and deglacial asian monsoon record from Dongge Cave, China. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 233(1–2): 71–86. DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.01.036.Google Scholar

Eagle, R. A., Risi, C., Mitchell, J. L., Eiler, J. M., Seibt, U., Neelin, J. D., Li, G., Tripati, A. K., 2013. High regional climate sensitivity over continental China constrained by glacial-recent changes in temperature and the hydrological cycle. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(22): 8813–8818. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1213366110.Google Scholar

East, A. E., Clift, P. D., Carter, A., Alizai, A., VanLaningham, S., 2015. Fluvial–Eolian interactions in sediment routing and sedimentary signal buffering: An example from the Indus Basin and Thar Desert. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 85: 715–728. DOI:10.2110/jsr.2015.42.Google Scholar

Edmond, J. M., Huh, Y., 1997. Chemical weathering yields from basement and orogenic terrains in hot and cold climates. In: Ruddiman, W.F. (ed.), Tectonic Climate and Climate Change. Plenum Press, New York, pp.330–353.Google Scholar

Eglinton, G., Hamilton, R. J., 1967. Leaf epicuticular waxes. Science, 156: 1322–1334. DOI:10.1126/science.156.3780.1322.Google Scholar

Eglinton, T. I., Eglinton, G., 2008. Molecular proxies for paleoclimatology. Earth Planetary Science Letters, 275(1–16): 1–16. DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.07.012.Google Scholar

Ehhalt, D. H., 1974. The atmospheric cycle of methane. Tellus, 26: 58–70.Google Scholar

Ehleringer, J. R., Rundel., P. W., 1989. Stable isotopes: History, units, and instrumentation. In: Rundel, P. W., Ehleringer, J. R., Nagy, K. A. (eds.), Stable Isotopes in Ecological Research. Springer Verlag, New York.Google Scholar

Ehrlich, P. R., 1968. The Population Bomb. Ballantine Books, New York, 201 pp.Google Scholar

Eiler, J. M., 2007. “Clumped-isotope” geochemistry—the study of naturally-occurring, multiply-substituted isotopologues. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 262(3): 309–327. DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.08.020.Google Scholar

Ellison, C. R. W., Chapman, M. R., Hall, I. R., 2006. Surface and deep ocean interactions during the cold climate event 8200 years ago. Science, 312(5782): 1929–1932. DOI:10.1126/science.1127213.Google Scholar

Elston, R. G., Guanghui, D., Dongju, Z., 2011. Late Pleistocene intensification technologies in Northern China. Quaternary International, 242(2): 401–415. DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2011.02.045.Google Scholar

Emanuel, K., 2005. Increasing destructiveness of tropical cyclones over the past 30 years. Nature, 436(7051): 686–688. DOI:10.1038/nature03906.Google Scholar

Emanuel, K., DesAutels, C., Holloway, C., Korty, R., 2004. Environmental control of tropical cyclone intensity. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 61(7): 843–858.Google Scholar

Emanuel, K. A., 1987. The dependence of hurricane intensity on climate. Nature, 326(6112): 483–485. DOI:10.1038/326483a0.Google Scholar

Enderlin, E. M., Howat, I. M., Jeong, S., Noh, M. -J., van Angelen, J. H., van den Broeke, M. R., 2014. An improved mass budget for the Greenland ice sheet. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(3): 866–872. 10.1002/2013GL059010.Google Scholar

Enzel, Y., Ely, L. L., Mishra, S., Ramesh, R., Amit, R., Lazar, B., Rajaguru, S. N., Baker, V. R., Sandle, A., 1999. High-resolution Holocene environmental changes in the Thar Desert, northwestern India. Science, 284: 125–128.Google Scholar

Erickson, C. L., 1999. Neo-environmental determinism and agrarian ‘collapse’in Andean prehistory. Antiquity, 73(281): 634–642.Google Scholar

Evan, A. T., Camargo, S. J., 2011. A climatology of Arabian Sea cyclonic storms. Journal of Climate, 24: 140–158.Google Scholar

Evan, A. T., Kossin, J. P., Chung, C. E., Ramanathan, V., 2011. Arabian Sea tropical cyclones intensified by emissions of black carbon and other aerosols. Nature, 479: 94–98. DOI:10.1038/nature10552.Google Scholar

Eyshi Rezaei, E., Gaiser, T., Siebert, S., Sultan, B., Ewert, F., 2014. Combined impacts of climate and nutrient fertilization on yields of pearl millet in Niger. European Journal of Agronomy, 55: 77–88. DOI:10.1016/j.eja.2014.02.001.Google Scholar

Fagan, B., 2004. The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization. Basic Books, New York.Google Scholar

Fairbanks, R.G., 1989. A 17,000-year glacio-eustatic sea level record: influence of glacial melting rates on Younger Dryas event and deep-ocean circulation. Nature, 342: 637–642.Google Scholar

Fan, J., Leung, L. R., Li, Z., Morrison, H., Chen, H., Zhou, Y., Qian, Y., Wang, Y., 2012a. Aerosol impacts on clouds and precipitation in eastern China: Results from bin and bulk microphysics. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 117(D16). DOI:10.1029/2011JD016537.Google Scholar

Fan, L., Lu, C., Yang, B., Chen, Z., 2012b. Long-term trends of precipitation in the North China Plain. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 22(6): 989–1001. 10.1007/s11442-012–0978-2.Google Scholar

FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP, WHO, 2017. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2017. Building resilience for peace and food security, Rome.Google Scholar

Farquhar, G. D., Ehleringer, J. R., Hubick, K. T., 1989. Carbon isotope discrimination and photosynthesis. Annual Reviews of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, 40: 503–537. DOI:10.1146/annurev.pp.40.060189.002443.Google Scholar

Feakins, S. J., deMenocal, P. B., Eglinton, T. I., 2005. Biomarker records of late Neogene changes in northeast African vegetation. Geology, 33(12): 977–980. DOI:10.1130/G21814.1.Google Scholar

Feakins, S. J., Sessions, A. L., 2010. Controls on the D/H ratios of plant leaf waxes in an arid ecosystem. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 74(7): 2128–2141. DOI:10.1016/j.gca.2010.01.016.Google Scholar

Feng, Z. -D., An, C. B., Wang, H. B., 2006. Holocene climatic and environmental changes in the arid and semi-arid areas of China: a review. The Holocene, 16: 119–130. DOI:10.1191/0959683606hl912xx.Google Scholar

Fick, S. E., Hijmans, R. J., 2017 Fick et al. WorldClim 2: new 1-km spatial resolution climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology, 37(12): 4302–4315. DOI:10.1002/joc.5086.Google Scholar

Fisher, M. H., 2016. Mughal Empire, The Ashgate Research Companion to Modern Imperial Histories. Routledge, Abingdon, UK, pp.181–206.Google Scholar

Flad, R., Chen, P., 2006. The archaeology of the Sichuan Basin and surrounding areas during the Neolithic period. In: Li, S., von Falkenhausen, L. (eds.), Salt Archaeology in China: Ancient Salt Production and Landscape Archaeology in the Upper Yangtse Basin: Preliminary Studies. Kexue Chubanshe, Beijing, pp.183–259.Google Scholar

Flad, R., Chen, P., 2013. Ancient Central China: An Archaeological Study of Centers and Peripheries along the Yangzi River. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 397 pp.Google Scholar

Flad, R. K., Yuan, J.袁., Li, S.李., 2007. Zooarcheological evidence for animal domestication in northwest China. In: Madsen, D.B., Chen, F.H., Gao, X. (eds.), Late Quaternary Climate Change and Human Adaptation in Arid Chin. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 167–203.Google Scholar

Flam, L., 1981. The Paleogeography and Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in Sind, Pakistan (ca. 4000–2000 BC). PhD Thesis, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.Google Scholar

Flato, G., Marotzke, J., Abiodun, B., Braconnot, P., Chou, S.C., Collins, W., Cox, P., Driouech, F., Emori, S., Eyring, V., Forest, C., Gleckler, P., Guilyardi, E., Jakob, C., Kattsov, V., Reason, C., Rummukainen, M., 2013. Evaluation of Climate Models. In: Stocker, T.F. et al. (eds.), Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, pp. 741–882.Google Scholar

Fleitmann, D., Burns, S. J., Mudelsee, M., Neff, U., Kramers, J., Mangini, A., Matter, A., 2003. Holocene forcing of the Indian monsoon recorded in a stalagmite from southern Oman. Science, 300(5626): 1737–1739.Google Scholar

Fuller, D., 2002. Fifty years of archaeobotanical studies in india: laying a solid foundation. In: Settar, S., Korisettar, R. (eds.), Indian Archaeology in Retrospect. Archaeology and Interactive Disciplines, Manohar, Delhi, pp.247–363.Google Scholar

Fuller, D., 2007. Contrasting patterns in crop domestication and domestication rates: recent archaeobotanical insights from the old world.Annals of Botany, 100(5): 903–924. 10.1093/aob/mcm048.Google Scholar

Fuller, D., 2012. Pathways to Asian civilizations: tracing the origins and spread of rice and rice cultures. Rice, 4(3): 78–92. 10.1007/s12284-011–9078-7.Google Scholar

Fuller, D., Castillo, C., Kingwell-Banham, E., Qin, L., Weisskopf, A., 2018. Charred pomelo peel, historical linguistics and other tree crops: approaches to framing the historical context of early Citrus cultivation in East, South and Southeast Asia. In: Zech-Matterne, V., Fiorentino, G. (eds.), AGRUMED: Archaeology and History of Citrus Fruit in the Mediterranean Acclimatization, Diversifications, Uses. Centre Jean Bérard, Naples, pp.31–50.Google Scholar

Fuller, D., Ling, Q., Harvey, E., 2008. Evidence for a late onset of agriculture in the Lower Yangtze Region and challenges for an archaeobotany of rice. In: Sanchez-Mazas, A., Blench, R., Ross, M., Lin, M., Pejros, I. (eds.), Past Human Migrations in East Asia: Matching Genetic, Linguistic and Archaeological Evidence. Taylor and Francis, London, pp.40–83.Google Scholar

Fuller, D., Qin, L., 2009. Water management and labor in the origins and dispersal of Asian rice. World Archaeology, 41(1): 88–111.Google Scholar

Fuller, D., Qin, L., 2010. Declining oaks, increasing artistry, and cultivating rice: The environmental and social context of the emergence of farming in the lower Yangtze Region. Environmental Archaeology, 15(2): 139–159.Google Scholar

Fuller, D., Qin, L., Zheng, Y., Zhao, Z., Chen, X., Hosoya, L., Sun, G., 2009. The Domestication process and domestication rate in rice: spikelet bases from the Lower Yangtze. Science, 323(5921): 1607–1610.Google Scholar

Fuller, D. Q., Castillo, C., Weisskopf, A., 2016. Pathways of rice diversification across Asia. Archaeology International, 2016(19): 84–96.Google Scholar

Fuller, D. Q., Harvey, E., Qin, L., 2007. Presumed domestication? Evidence for wild rice cultivation and domestication in the fifth millennium BC of the Lower Yangtze region. Antiquity, 81(312): 316–331. DOI:10.1017/S0003598X0009520X.Google Scholar

Fuller, D. Q., Madella, M., 2001. Issues in Harappan archaeobotany: retrospect and prospect. In: Settar, S., Korisettar, R. (eds.), Indian Archaeology in Retrospect. Protohistory, vol. II. Manohar Publishers, New Delhi, pp.317–390.Google Scholar

Fuller, D. Q., Van Etten, J., Manning, K., Castillo, C., Kingwell-Banham, E., Weisskopf, A., Qin, L., Sato, Y. -I., Hijmans, R. J., 2011. The contribution of rice agriculture and livestock pastoralism to prehistoric methane levels: An archaeological assessment. The Holocene, 21(5): 743–759.Google Scholar

Gadgil, S., 2006. The Indian monsoon:1. Variations in space and time. Resonance, 11(8): 8–21.Google Scholar

Gadgil, S., Gadgil, S., 2006. The Indian monsoon, GDP and agriculture. Economic and Political Weekly, 41(47): 4889–4895.Google Scholar

Gadgil, S., Rupa Kumar, K., 2006. The Asian Monsoon – Agriculture and Economy, The Asian Monsoon. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 651–683.Google Scholar

Gagné, K., 2013. Gone with the trees: Deciphering the Thar desert’s recurring droughts. Current Anthropology, 54(4): 497–509. 10.1086/671074.Google Scholar

Gamble, S. D., 1933. How Chinese Families Live in Peiping. Funk and Wagnalls Company, New York and London.Google Scholar

Gansu Sheng Wenwu Kaogu Yanjiusuo, 2006. 秦安大地湾：新石器时代遗址发掘报告Qinan Dadiwan: Xinshiqi Shidai Yizhi Fajue Baogao (Qin’an Dadiwan: Excavation Report on the Neolithic Site). Wenwu Chubanshe, Beijing.Google Scholar

Gao, C., Robock, A., Ammann, C., 2008. Volcanic forcing of climate over the past 1500 years: An improved ice core-based index for climate models. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 113(D23111). DOI:10.1029/2008JD010239.Google Scholar

Gao, L.-z., 2003. The conservation of Chinese rice biodiversity: genetic erosion, ethnobotany and prospects. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 50(1): 17–32. DOI:10.1023/A:1022933230689.Google Scholar

Gao, X., Luo, Y., Lin, W., Zhao, Z., Giorgi, F., 2003. Simulation of effects of land use change on climate in China by a regional climate model. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 20(4): 583–592.Google Scholar

Gardelle, J., Berthier, E., Arnaud, Y., Kääb, A., 2013. Region-wide glacier mass balances over the Pamir-Karakoram-Himalaya during 1999–2011. Cryosphere, 7: 1263–1286.Google Scholar

Garris, A. J., Tai, T. H., Coburn, J., Kresovich, S., McCouch, S. R., 2005. Genetic structure and diversity in Oryza sativa L. Genetics, 169: 1631–1638.Google Scholar

Gasse, F., 2000. Hydrological changes in the African tropics since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews, 19: 189–211.Google Scholar

Gautam, R., Hsu, N. C., Lau, K. M., Tsay, S. C., Kafatos, M., 2009. Enhanced pre-monsoon warming over the Himalayan-Gangetic region from 1979 to 2007. Geophysical Research Letters, 36(7): n/a-n/a. 10.1029/2009GL037641.Google Scholar

Ge, B., Huang, C., Zhou, Y., 2010. OSL dating of the Jinghe River palaeoflood events in the late period of the Longshan culture. Quaternary Sciences, 2010(30): 422–429.Google Scholar

Gernet, J., 1996. A History of Chinese Civilization. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.Google Scholar

Ghose, A. K., 1982. Food supply and starvation: A study of famines with reference to the Indian sub-continent. Oxford Economic Papers, 34(2): 368–389.Google Scholar

Ghosh, P., Adkins, J., Affek, H., Balta, B., Guo, W., Schauble, E. A., Schrag, D., Eiler, J. M., 2006. 13C–18O bonds in carbonate minerals: A new kind of paleothermometer. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70(6): 1439–1456. DOI:10.1016/j.gca.2005.11.014.Google Scholar

Gilmartin, D., 2015. Blood and Water: The Indus River Basin in Modern History. University of California Press, Oakland, p. 341.Google Scholar

Giosan, L., Clift, P. D., Macklin, M. G., Fuller, D. Q., Constantinescu, S., Durcan, J. A., Stevens, T., Duller, G. A. T., Tabrez, A., Adhikari, R., Gangal, K., Alizai, A., Filip, F., VanLaningham, S., Syvitski, J. P. M., 2012. Fluvial landscapes of the Harappan civilization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(26): 1688–1694. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1112743109.Google Scholar

Giosan, L., Orsi, W. D., Coolen, M., Wuchter, C., Dunlea, A. G., Thirumalai, K., Munoz, S. E., Clift, P. D., Donnelly, J. P., Galy, V., Fuller, D. Q., 2018. Neoglacial climate anomalies and the Harappan metamorphosis. Climate of the Past, 14(11): 1669–1686. DOI:10.5194/cp-14-1669-2018.Google Scholar

Giosan, L., Ponton, C., Usman, M., Blusztajn, J., Fuller, D.Q., Galy, V., Haghipour, N., Johnson, J. E., McIntyre, C., Wacker, L., Eglinton, T. I., 2017. Massive erosion in monsoonal central India linked to late Holocene land cover degradation. Earth Surface Dynamics, 5: 781–789. DOI:10.5194/esurf-5-781-2017.Google Scholar

Glennie, K. W., Singhvi, A., 2002. Event stratigraphy, paleoenvironment and chronology of SE Arabian deserts. Quaternary Science Reviews, 21: 853–869.Google Scholar

Goebel, T., 1999. Pleistocene human colonization of Siberia and the peopling of the Americas: An ecological approach. Evolutionary Anthropology, 8: 208–227.Google Scholar

Goldstein, M. C., Beall, C. M., 1991. Change and continuity in nomadic pastoralism on the western Tibetan Plateau. Nomadic Peoples, 28: 105–122.Google Scholar

Gong, D. Y., Ho, C. H., 2002. The Siberian High and climate change over middle to high latitude Asia. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 72: 1–9.Google Scholar

Griffiths, M. L., Drysdale, R. N., Gagan, M. K., Zhao, J. -x., Ayliffe, L. K., Hellstrom, J. C., Hantoro, W. S., Frisia, S., Feng, Y. -x., Cartwright, I., Pierre, E. S., Fischer, M. J., Suwargad, B. W., 2009. Increasing Australian–Indonesian monsoon rainfall linked to early Holocene sea-level rise. Nature Geoscience, 2: 636–639. DOI:10.1038/ngeo605.Google Scholar

Grimes, J., 2004. The Vivekacūḍāmaṇi of Śaṅkarācārya Bhagavatpāda: An Introduction and Translation. Motilal Banarsidass Publisher, Delhi, p. 284.Google Scholar

Grossman, M. J., Zaiki, M., Nagata, R., 2015. Interannual and interdecadal variations in typhoon tracks around Japan. International Journal of Climatology, 35(9): 2514–2527.Google Scholar

Grossman, M. J., Zaiki, M., Oettle, S., 2016. An analysis of typhoon tracks around Japan using ArcGIS. Papers in Applied Geography, 2(3): 352–363.Google Scholar

Grove, J. M., 2012. The Little Ice Age. Routledge, Abingdon, UK.Google Scholar

Grove, R.H., 2007. The great El Niño of 1789–93 and its global consequences: Reconstructing an extreme climate event in world environmental history. Medieval History, 10: 75–98.Google Scholar

Gunnell, Y., Anupama, K., Sultan, B., 2007. Response of the south Indian runoff-harvesting civilization to northeast monsoon rainfall variability during the last 2000 years: instrumental records and indirect evidence. Holocene, 17(2): 207–215. DOI:10.1177/0959683607075835.Google Scholar

Guo, D. S., 1995. Hongshan and related cultures. In: Nelson, S. M. (ed.), The Archaeology of Northeast China: Beyond the Great Wall. Routledge, New York, pp. 21–64.Google Scholar

Guo, Q. Y., 1996. Climatic change and East Asian Monsoon. In: Shi, Y. F. (ed.), Historical Climatic Changes of China (1): Climatic and Sea Level Change and Their Trend and Impact. Shandong Science and Technology Press, Jinan, pp. 468–483 (in Chinese).Google Scholar

Guo, X., Fu, D., Guo, X., Zhang, C., 2014. A case study of aerosol impacts on summer convective clouds and precipitation over northern China. Atmospheric Research, 142: 142–157. DOI:10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.10.006.Google Scholar

Gupta, A. K., Anderson, D. M., Overpeck, J. T., 2003. Abrupt changes in the Asian southwest monsoon during the Holocene and their links to the North Atlantic Ocean. Nature, 421: 354–356.Google Scholar

Gupta, A. K., Das, M., Anderson, D. M., 2005. Solar influence on the Indian summer monsoon during the Holocene. Geophysical Research Letters, 32(L17703). DOI:10.1029/2005GL022685.Google Scholar

Gupta, A. K., Yuvaraja, A., Prakasam, M., Clemens, S. C., Velu, A., 2015. Evolution of the South Asian monsoon wind system since the late middle miocene. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 438: 160–167. DOI:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.08.006.Google Scholar

Gupta, H., Kao, S. -J., Dai, M., 2012. The role of mega dams in reducing sediment fluxes: A case study of large Asian rivers. Journal of Hydrology, 464: 447–458.Google Scholar

Gutaker, R. M., Groen, S. C., Bellis, E. S., Choi, J. Y., Pires, I. S., Bocinsky, R. K., Slayton, E. R., Wilkins, O., Castillo, C. C., Negrão, S., Oliveira, M. M., Fuller, D. Q., d’Alpoim Guedes, J. A., Lasky, J. R., Purugganan, M. D., 2019. Genomic history and ecology of the geographic spread of rice. BioRxiv: 748178. DOI:10.1101/748178.Google Scholar

Habib, I., 1999. The Agrarian System of Mughal India: 1556–1707. Oxford University Press, New Delhi.Google Scholar

Habu, J., 2008. Growth and decline in complex hunter-gatherer societies: A case study from the Jomon period Sannai Maruyama site, Japan. Antiquity, 82(317): 571–584.Google Scholar

Hairong, D., Yong, L., Chongjian, S., Svirchev, L., Qiang, X., Zhaokun, Y., Liang, Y., Shijun, N., Zeming, S., 2017. Mechanism of post-seismic floods after the Wenchuan earthquake in the upper Minjiang River, China. Journal of Earth System Science, 126(7): 96. DOI:10.1007/s12040-017-0871-6.Google Scholar

Ham, Y. -G., Kug, J. -S., Choi, J. -Y., Jin, F. -F., Watanabe, M., 2018. Inverse relationship between present-day tropical precipitation and its sensitivity to greenhouse warming. Nature Climate Change, 8(1): 64–69. DOI:10.1038/s41558-017-0033-5.Google Scholar

Han, Z., Wu, L., Ran, Y., Ye, Y., 2003. The concealed active tectonics and their characteristics as revealed by drainage density in the North China plain (NCP). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 21(9): 989–998. DOI:0.1016/S1367-9120(02)00175-X.Google Scholar

Hanebuth, T., Stattegger, K., Grootes, P. M., 2000. Rapid flooding of the Sunda Shelf: a late-glacial sea-level record. Science, 288(5468): 1033–1035.Google Scholar

Hao, S., Xue, J., Cui, J., 2008a. 董虎林四好人墓葬中的果壳 Donghulin Sihaoren Muzangzhong de Guoke (Seeds Uncovered from Burial no. 4 at Donghulin). Renleixue Xuebao, 27: 249–255.Google Scholar

Hao, Z., Zheng, J., Ge, Q., 2008b. Precipitation cycles in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River (1736–2000). Journal of Geographical Sciences, 18(1): 17–25. 10.1007/s11442-008–0017-5.Google Scholar

Harinarayana, G., 1987. Pearl Millet in Indian Agriculture, Proceedings of the International Pearl Millet Workshop, 7–11 April 1986, ICRISAT Center, Patancheru, India. Patancheru. Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics., Andhra Pradesh, India, pp. 5–17.Google Scholar

Harris, N. B. W., 2006. The elevation of the Tibetan Plateau and its impact on the monsoon. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 241: 4–15.Google Scholar

Hayden, B., 2011. Rice: The First Luxury Asian Food?, Why Cultivate? Anthropological and Archaeological Approaches to Foraging/Farming Transitions in Southeast Asia. McDonald Institute Monographs, Cambridge, pp.75–93.Google Scholar

Held, I. M., Soden, B .J., 2006. Robust responses of the hydrological cycle to global warming. Journal of Climate, 19: 5686–5699.Google Scholar

Henan Sheng Wenwu Kaogu Yanjiusuo, 1999. 舞阳贾湖 Wuyang Jiahu (Report on the site of Jiahu at Wuyang). Kexue Chubanshe, Beijing.Google Scholar

Henan Working Team no. 1 of IA CASS, 1983. 河南新郑沙窝里新石器时代遗址 Henan Xinzheng Shawoli Xinshiqi Shidai Yizhi (Excavation of the Neolithic Site at Shawoli). Kaogu, 195: 1057–1065.Google Scholar

Henan Working Team No. 1 of IA CASS, 1984. Peiligang Yizhi Fajue Baogao (Excavation of the Neolithic Site at Peiligang). Kaogu Xuebao, 72: 23–52.Google Scholar

Herzschuh, U., 2006. Palaeo-moisture evolution in monsoonal Central Asia during the last 50,000 years. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25(1–2): 163–178.Google Scholar

Herzschuh, U., Tarasov, P., Wqnnemann, B., Hartmann, K., 2004. Holocene vegetation and climate of the Alashan Plateau, NW China, reconstructed from pollen data. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 211: 1–17.Google Scholar

Herzschuh, U., Winter, K., Wünnemann, B., Li, S., 2006. A general cooling trend on the central Tibetan Plateau throughout the Holocene recorded by the Lake Zigetang pollen spectra. Quaternary International, 154–155: 113–121. DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2006.02.005.Google Scholar

Hewitt, K., 2011. Glacier change, concentration, and elevation effects in the Karakoram Himalaya, upper Indus Basin. Mt. Res. Dev. . Mountain Research and Development, 31: 188–200.Google Scholar

Hicks, M. J., Burton, M. L., 2010. Preliminary Damage Estimates for Pakistani Flood Events, 2010, Ball State University, Muncie, IN.Google Scholar

Higham, C., 2002. Early Cultures of Mainland Southeast Asia. River Books, Bangkok, 375 pp.Google Scholar

Higham, C., 2005. East Asian agriculture and its impact. In: Scarre, C. (ed.), The Human Past. World Prehistory and the Development of Human Societies. Thames and Hudson, London, pp. 234–263.Google Scholar

Higham, C., 2013. Hunter-gatherers in southeast Asia: from prehistory to the present. Human Biology, 85(1): 21–44.Google Scholar

Higham, C. F. W., Xie, G., Lin, Q., 2011. The prehistory of a Friction Zone: first farmers and hunters-gatherers in Southeast Asia. Antiquity, 85: 529–543.Google Scholar

Hijioka, Y., Lin, E., Pereira, J. J., Corlett, R. T., Cui, X., Insarov, G. E., Lasco, R. D., Lindgren, E., Surjan, A., 2014. Asia. In: Barros, V. R. et al. (eds.), Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge UK, pp.1327–1370.Google Scholar

Hijma, M. P., Cohen, K. M., 2010. Timing and magnitude of the sea-level jump preluding the 8.2 kiloyear event. Geology, 38(3): 275–278. DOI:10.1130/G30439.1.Google Scholar

Hill, C. V., 2008. South Asia: An Environmental History. ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara, California, p. 329.Google Scholar

Ho, C. -H., Baik, J. -J., Kim, J. -H., Gong, D. -Y., Sui, C. -H., 2004. Interdecadal Changes in Summertime Typhoon Tracks. Journal of Climate, 17(9): 1767–1776. 10.1175/1520–0442(2004)017<767:icistt>2.0.Co;2.Google Scholar

Ho, P.-t., 1959. Aspects of social mobility in China, 1368–1911. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 1(4): 330–359.Google Scholar

Hodges, K., 2003. Geochronology and thermochronology in orogenic systems. In: Rudnick, R. (ed.), The Crust. Elsevier-Science, Amsterdam, pp.263–292.Google Scholar

Hoffmann, T., Penny, D., Stinchcomb, G., Vanacker, V., Lu, X., 2015. Global soil and sediment transfers in the anthropocene. Pages Magazine, 23(1): 37.Google Scholar

Hosner, D., Wagner, M., Tarasov, P. E., Chen, X., Leipe, C., 2016. Spatiotemporal distribution patterns of archaeological sites in China during the Neolithic and Bronze Age: An overview. The Holocene, 26(10): 1576–1593.Google Scholar

Hossain, M. A., 2010. Global Warming Induced Sea Level Rise on Soil, Land and Crop Production Loss, 19th World Congress of Soil Science, Soil Solutions for a Changing World, Brisbane, Australia.Google Scholar

Hsu, R. C., 1982. Food for One Billion: China’s Agriculture Since 1949. Routledge, New York, p. 156.Google Scholar

Hu, C., Henderson, G. M., Huang, J., Xie, S., Sun, Y., Johnson, K. R., 2008. Quantification of Holocene Asian monsoon rainfall from spatially separated cave records. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 266: 221–232. DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.10.015.Google Scholar

Hu, D., Böning, P., Köhler, C. M., Hillier, S., Pressling, N., Wan, S., Brumsack, H. -J., Clift, P. D., 2012. Deep sea records of the continental weathering and erosion response to East Asian monsoon intensification since 14ka in the South China Sea. Chemical Geology, 326–327: 1–18. DOI:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.07.024.Google Scholar

Hu, D., Clift, P. D., Böning, P., Hannigan, R., Hillier, S., Blusztajn, J., Wang, S., Fuller, D. Q., 2013a. Holocene evolution in weathering and erosion patterns in the Pearl River delta. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 14: 2349–2368. DOI:10.1002/ggge.20166.Google Scholar

Hu, L., Chao, Z., Gu, M., Li, F., Chen, L., Liu, B., Li, X., Huang, Z., Li, Y., Xing, B., Dai, J., 2013b. Evidence for a Neolithic Age fire-irrigation paddy cultivation system in the lower Yangtze River Delta, China. Journal of Archaeological Science, 40(1): 72–78. DOI:10.1016/j.jas.2012.04.021.Google Scholar

Huang, C., Pang, J., Zha, X., 2011. Extraordinary floods related to the climatic event at 4200 a BP on the Qishuihe River, middle reaches of the Yellow River, China. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2011(30): 460–468.Google Scholar

Huang, C.C., Zhou, Y., Zhang, Y., Guo, Y., Pang, J., Zhou, Q., Liu, T., Zha, X., 2017. Comment on “Outburst flood at 1920 BCE supports historicity of China’s Great Flood and the Xia dynasty”. Science, 355(6332): 1382.Google Scholar

Huang, H., Yan, Z., 2009. Present situation and future prospect of hydropower in China. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(6): 1652–1656. DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2008.08.013.Google Scholar

Huang, P., Schaal, B. A., 2012. Association between the geographic distribution during the last glacial maximum of Asian wild rice, Oryza rufipogon (Poaceae), and its current genetic variation. American Journal of Botany, 99(11): 1866–1874.Google Scholar

Huang, R., Fan, X., 2013. The landslide story. Nature Geoscience, 6: 325. DOI:10.1038/ngeo1806.Google Scholar

Hubei Sheng Wenwu Guanlisuo, 1981. 武安磁山Wu’an Cishan (The site of Cishan in Wu’an). Kaogu Xuebao, 1981(3): 303–338.Google Scholar

Huber, M., Goldner, A., 2012. Eocene monsoons. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 44: 3–23. DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.09.014.Google Scholar

Hunan Sheng Wenwu Kaogu Yanjiusuo, 2006. 彭头山与巴士垱 Pengtoushan yu Bashidang (Pengtoushan and Bashidang). Science Press, Beijing.Google Scholar

Hunt, K. M. R., Curio, J., Turner, A. G., Schiemann, R., 2018. Subtropical westerly jet influence on occurrence of western disturbances and Tibetan Plateau Vortices. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(16): 8629–8636. DOI:10.1029/2018GL077734.Google Scholar

Huntington, K., Wernicke, B., Eiler, J., 2010. Influence of climate change and uplift on Colorado Plateau paleotemperatures from carbonate clumped isotope thermometry. Tectonics, 29(3): TC3005. DOI:10.1029/2009TC002449Google Scholar

Hurrell, J. W., 1995. Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: Regional temperatures and precipitation. Science, 269(5224): 676–679. DOI:10.1126/science.269.5224.676.Google Scholar

Hussain, S. M., Paperno, R., Khatoon, Z., 2010. Length–weight relationships of fishes collected from the Korangi-Phitti Creek area (Indus delta, northern Arabian Sea). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 26(3): 477–480. DOI:10.1111/j.14390426.2009.01374.x.Google Scholar

Hussain, S. S., Mudasser, M., 2007. Prospects for wheat production under changing climate in mountain areas of Pakistan – An econometric analysis. Agricultural Systems, 94(2): 494–501. DOI:10.1016/j.agsy.2006.12.001.Google Scholar

Ikawa-Smith, F., 2004. Humans along the Pacific Margin of North East Asia before the last glacial maximum. In: Madsen, D. B. (ed.), Entering America: Northeast Asia and Beringia before the Last Glacial Maximum. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, Utah, pp. 287–309.Google Scholar

Immerzeel, W. W., van Beek, L. P., Bierkens, M. F., 2010. Climate change will affect the Asian water towers. Science, 328(5984): 1382–1385.Google Scholar

Inam, A., Clift, P. D., Giosan, L., Tabrez, A. R., Tahir, M., Rabbani, M. M., Danish, M., 2007. The geographic, geological and oceanographic setting of the Indus River. In: Gupta, A. (ed.), Large Rivers: Geomorphology and Management. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK, pp. 333–345.Google Scholar

Ingraham, N. L., Taylor, B. E., 1991. Light stable isotope systematics of large-scale hydrologic regimes in California and Nevada. Water Resources Research, 27: 77–90.Google Scholar

IPCC, 2007. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar

Iqbal, M. M., Goheer, A. M., Khan, A. M., 2010. Climate-change aspersions on food security of Pakistan. Science Vision, 15: 15–23.Google Scholar

Ivanochko, T. S., Ganeshram, R. S., Brummer, G. -J. A., Ganssen, G., Jung, S. J. A., Moreton, S. G., Kroon, D., 2005. Variations in tropical convection as an amplifier of global climate change at the millennial scale. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 235(1–2): 302–314.Google Scholar

Jackson, S., Sleigh, A., 2000. Resettlement for China’s Three Gorges Dam: socio-economic impact and institutional tensions. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 33(2): 223–241. DOI:10.1016/S0967-067X(00)00005-2.Google Scholar

Jacques, F. M. B., Su, T., Spicer, R. A., Xing, Y., Huang, Y., Wang, W., Zhou, Z., 2011. Leaf physiognomy and climate: Are monsoon systems different? Global and Planetary Change, 76(1): 56–62. DOI:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.11.009.Google Scholar

Jacquot, M., Courtois, B., 1987. Upland Rice. The Tropical Agriculturalist. CTA, Paris.Google Scholar

Jain, V., Kumar, R., Kaushal, R. K., Gautam, T., Singh, S., 2018. The dynamic Kosi River and its tributaries. In: Singh, D. S. (ed.), The Indian Rivers. Springer, pp. 221–237.Google Scholar

James, E. W., Banner, J. L., Hardt, B., 2015. A global model for cave ventilation and seasonal bias in speleothem paleoclimate records. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 16(4): 1044–1051. DOI:10.1002/2014GC005658.Google Scholar

Jarrige, C., Jarrige, J. -F., Meadow, R. H., Quivron, G., 1995. Mehrgarh: Field Reports 1974–1985, from Neolithic Times to the Indus Civilization. Department of Culture and Tourism of Sindh, Karachi.Google Scholar

Jenny, Jean-Philippe et al., 2019. Human and climate global-scale imprint on sediment transfer during the Holocene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(46): 22972.Google Scholar

Jian, Z. M., Li, B. H., Pflaumann, U., Wang, P. X., 1996. Late Holocene cooling event in the western Pacific. Science in China (Series D), 39: 542–550.Google Scholar

Jiang, L., Li, L., 2006. New evidence for the origins of sedentism and rice domestication in the Lower Yangzi River, China. Antiquity, 80: 355–361.Google Scholar

Jiang, T., Su, B., Hartmann, H., 2007. Temporal and spatial trends of precipitation and river flow in the Yangtze River Basin, 1961–2000. Geomorphology, 85(3): 143–154. DOI:10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.03.015.Google Scholar

Joint Typhoon Warning Center, 2002. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center Tropical Cyclone Best-Tracks, 1945–2000. US Navy, www.usno.navy.mil/JTWC/.Google Scholar

Jones, H., Civáň, P., Cockram, J., Leigh, F. J., Smith, L. M. J., Jones, M. K., Charles, M. P., Molina-Cano, J. -L., Powell, W., Jones, G., Brown, T. A., 2011a. Evolutionary history of barley cultivation in Europe revealed by genetic analysis of extant landraces. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 11(1): 320. 10.1186/1471–2148-11–320.Google Scholar

Jones, M., Hunt, H., Lightfoot, E., Lister, D., Liu, X., Motuzaite-Matuzeviciute, G., 2011b. Food globalization in prehistory. World Archaeology, 43(4): 665–675. DOI:10.1080/00438243.2011.624764.Google Scholar

Jordan, P., Zvelebil, M., 2009. Ceramics Before Farming: The Dispersal of Pottery Among Prehistoric Eurasian Hunter-Gatherers, 53. Left Coast Press, Walnut Creek, CA.Google Scholar

Joseph, P. V., Simon, A., 2005. Weakening trend of the southwest monsoon current through peninsular India from 1950 to the present. Current Science, 89: 687–694.Google Scholar

Joseph, S., Sahai, A. K., Goswami, B.N., Terray, P., Masson, S., Luo, J. J., 2012. Possible role of warm SST bias in the simulation of boreal summer monsoon in SINTEX-F2 coupled model. Climate Dynamics, 38: 1561–1576.Google Scholar

Kaleemullah, S., 2001. Thermogravimetric analysis of paddy straw. Madras Agricultural Journal, 88(10/12): 582–584.Google Scholar

Kamkar, B., Koocheki, A., Nassiri Mahallati, M., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., 2006. Cardinal temperatures for germination in three millet species (Panicum miliaceum, Pennisetum glaucum and Setaria italica). Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 5: 316–319.Google Scholar

Kang, N. -Y., Elsner, J. B., 2016. Climate mechanism for stronger typhoons in a warmer world. Journal of Climate, 29(3): 1051–1057. 10.1175/jcli-d-15–0585.1.Google Scholar

Kang, Y., Khan, S., Ma, X., 2009. Climate change impacts on crop yield, crop water productivity and food security – A review. Progress in Natural Science, 19(12): 1665–1674. DOI:10.1016/j.pnsc.2009.08.001.Google Scholar

Karim, A., Veizer, J., 2002. Water balance of the Indus river basin and moisture source in the Karakoram and western Himalayas: implications from hydrogen and oxygen isotopes river water. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(D18): 4362. DOI:10.1029/2000JD000253.Google Scholar

Kaspari, S., Hooke, R. L., Mayewski, P. A., Kang, S. C., Hou, S. G., Qin, D. H., 2008. Snow accumulation rate on Qomolangma (Mount Everest), Himalaya: Synchroneity with sites across the Tibetan plateau on 50–100 year timescales. Journal of Glaciology, 54: 343–352. DOI:10.3189/002214308784886126.Google Scholar

Kathayat, G., Cheng, H., Sinha, A., Spötl, C., Edwards, R. L., Zhang, H., Li, X., Yi, L., Ning, Y., Cai, Y., Lui, W. L., Breitenbach, S. F. M., 2016. Indian monsoon variability on millennial-orbital timescales. Scientific Reports, 6(1): 24374. DOI:10.1038/srep24374.Google Scholar

Katz, A., 1973. The interaction of magnesium with calcite during crystal growth at 25°C–90°C and one atmosphere. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(6): 1563–1586. DOI:10.1016/0016-7037(73)90091-4.Google Scholar

Keally, C. T., Taniguchi, Y., Kuzmin, Y. V., Shewkomud, I. Y., 2004. Chronology of the beginning of pottery manufacture in East Asia. Radiocarbon, 46(1): 345–351.Google Scholar

Kendall, R. A., Mitrovica, J. X., Milne, G. A., Törnqvist, T. E., Li, Y., 2008. The sea-level fingerprint of the 8.2 ka climate event. Geology, 36(5): 423–426. DOI:10.1130/G24550A.1.Google Scholar

Kennett, J. P., Shackleton, N. J., 1976. Oxygen isotopic evidence for the development of the psychrosphere 38 Myr ago. Nature, 260: 513–515.Google Scholar

Kenoyer, J. M., 1997. Trade and technology of the Indus valley: New insights from Harappa, Pakistan. World Archaeology, 29(2): 262–280. 10.1080/00438243.1997.9980377.Google Scholar

Kenoyer, J. M., 1998. Ancient Cities of the Indus Valley Civilization. American Institute of Pakistan Studies, Madison, WI.Google Scholar

Kent, A., Behrman, S., 2018. Facilitating the Resettlement and Rights of Climate Refugees: An Argument for Developing Existing Principles and Practices. Routledge, London, p. 190.Google Scholar

Khalid, B., Cholaw, B., Alvim, D. S., Javeed, S., Khan, J. A., Javed, M. A., Khan, A. H., 2018. Riverine flood assessment in Jhang district in connection with ENSO and summer monsoon rainfall over Upper Indus Basin for 2010. Natural Hazards, 92(2): 971–993. DOI:10.1007/s11069-018-3234-y.Google Scholar

Khan, N. M., Tingsanchali, T., 2009. Optimization and simulation of reservoir operation with sediment evacuation: a case study of the Tarbela Dam, Pakistan. Hydrological Processes, 23(5): 730–747. 10.1002/hyp.7173.Google Scholar

Khawaja, B. A., Sanchez, M., 2009. Tarbela Dam: A Numerical Model for Sediment Management in the Reservoir, Coastal and Maritime Mediterranean Conference. Centre Français du Littoral, Tunisia.Google Scholar

Kidder, T., Liu, H., Xu, Q., Li, M., 2012. The alluvial geoarchaeology of the Sanyangzhuang site on the Yellow River floodplain, Henan Province, China. Geoarchaeology, 27(4): 324–343.Google Scholar

Kidder, T. R., Liu, H., 2014. Bridging theoretical gaps in geoarchaeology: archaeology, geoarchaeology, and history in the Yellow River valley, China. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 9: 1585–1602. 10.1007/s12520-014–0184-5.Google Scholar

Kidwai, S., Ahmed, W., Tabrez, S. M., Zhang, J., Giosan, L., Clift, P., Inam, A., 2019. The Indus delta—catchment, river, coast, and people. In: Wolanski, E., Day, J. W., Elliiott, M., Ramachandran, R. (eds.), Coasts and Estuaries: the Future. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp.213–232.Google Scholar

Kim, H.-J., Takata, K., Wang, B., Watanabe, M., Kimoto, M., Yokohata, T., Yasunari, T., 2011. Global monsoon, El Nino, and their interannual linkage simulated by MIROC5 and the CMIP3 CGCMs. Journal of Climate, 24: 5604–5618.Google Scholar

Kim, H. J., Wang, B., Ding, Q. H., 2008. The global monsoon variability simulated by CMIP3 coupled climate models. Journal of Climate, 21: 5271–5294.Google Scholar

Kim, J. H., Wu, C. C., Sui, C. H., Ho, C. H., 2012. Tropical cyclone contribution to interdecadal change in summer rainfall over South China in the early 1990s. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 23: 49–58. DOI:10.3319/TAO.2011.08.26.01(A).Google Scholar

Kim, M. -K., Lau, W. K. M., Kim, K. -M., Sang, J., Kim, Y. -H., Lee, W. -S., 2016. Amplification of ENSO effects on Indian summer monsoon by absorbing aerosols. Climate Dynamics, 46(7): 2657–2671. DOI:10.1007/s00382-015-2722-y.Google Scholar

Kirsch, T. D., Wadhwani, C., Sauer, L., Doocy, S., Catlett, C., 2012. Impact of the 2010 Pakistan floods on rural and urban populations at six months. PLoS Currents, 4: e4fdfb212d2432. 10.1371/4fdfb212d2432.Google Scholar

Kitamoto, A., 2011. Digital Typhoon. National Institute of Informatics, www.digital-typhoon.org/.Google Scholar

Kleiven, H. F., Kissel, C., Laj, C., Ninnemann, U. S., Richter, T. O., Cortijo, E., 2008. Reduced North Atlantic Deep Water coeval with the glacial Lake Agassiz freshwater outburst. Science, 319: 60–64.Google Scholar

Knutson, T. R., McBride, J. L., Chan, J., Emanuel, K., Holland, G., Landsea, C., Held, I., Kossin, J. P., Srivastava, A. K., Sugi, M., 2010. Tropical cyclones and climate change. Nature Geoscience, 3: 157. DOI:10.1038/ngeo779.Google Scholar

Kodama, D., 2003. Komakino stone circle and its significance for the study of Jomon social structure In: Habu, J., Savelle, J.M., Koyama, S., Hongo, H. (eds.), Hunter-gatherers of the North Pacific Rim (Senri Ethnological Studies 63). National Museum of Ethnological Studies, Osaka, pp.235–261.Google Scholar

Kohler, T. A., Johnson, C. D., Varien, M., Ortman, S., Reynolds, R., Kobti, Z., Cowan, J., Kolm, K., Smith, S., Yap, L., 2007. Settlement ecodynamics in the prehispanic central Mesa Verde region. In: Kohler, T.A., Leeuw, S.v.d. (eds.), The Model-Based Archaeology of Socionatural Systems. School for Advanced Research Press, Santa Fe, NM, pp.61–104.Google Scholar

Kondolf, G., Rubin, Z., Minear, J., 2014. Dams on the Mekong: Cumulative sediment starvation. Water Resources Research, 50(6): 5158–5169.Google Scholar

Kosaka, Y., Xie, S. -P., 2013. Recent global-warming hiatus tied to equatorial Pacific surface cooling. Nature, 501: 403–407. DOI:10.1038/nature12534.Google Scholar

Kovach, M. J., Sweeney, M. T., McCouch, S. R., 2007. New insights into the history of rice domestication. TRENDS in Genetics, 23(11): 578–587.Google Scholar

Krishna Kumar, K., Rupa Kumar, K., Ashrit, R. G., Deshpande, N. R., Hansen, J. W., 2004. Climate impacts on Indian agriculture. International Journal of Climatology, 24(11): 1375–1393. 10.1002/joc.1081.Google Scholar

Krishnamurthy, V., Goswami, B. N., 2000. Indian monsoon–ENSO relationship on interdecadal timescale. Journal of Climate, 13(3): 579–595. 10.1175/1520–0442(2000)013<0579:imeroi>2.0.Co;2.Google Scholar

Krishnan, R., Ramesh, K. V., Samala, B. K., Meyers, G., Slingo, J. M., Fennessy, M. J., 2006. Indian Ocean-monsoon coupled interactions and impending monsoon droughts. Geophysical Research Letters, 33(L08711). DOI:10.1029/2006GL025811.Google Scholar

Krishnaswamy, J., Vaidyanathan, S., Rajagopalan, B., Bonell, M., Sankaran, M., Bhalla, R., Badiger, S., 2015. Non-stationary and non-linear influence of ENSO and Indian ocean dipole on the variability of Indian monsoon rainfall and extreme rain events. Climate Dynamics, 45(1–2): 175–184.Google Scholar

Kroon, D., Steens, T., Troelstra, S. R., 1991. Onset of Monsoonal related upwelling in the western Arabian Sea as revealed by planktonic foraminifers. In: Prell, W., Niitsuma, N. (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX, pp.257–263.Google Scholar

Kühn, T., Partanen, A. I., Laakso, A., Lu, Z., Bergman, T., Mikkonen, S., Kokkola, H., Korhonen, H., Räisänen, P., Streets, D.G., Romakkaniemi, S., Laaksonen, A., 2014. Climate impacts of changing aerosol emissions since 1996. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(13): 4711–4718. DOI:10.1002/2014GL060349.Google Scholar

Kulp, S. A., Strauss, B. H., 2019. New elevation data triple estimates of global vulnerability to sea-level rise and coastal flooding. Nature Communications, 10(1): 4844. DOI:10.1038/s41467-019-12808-z.Google Scholar

Kumar, K. K., Rajagopalan, B., Cane, M. A., 1999. On the weakening relationship between the Indian monsoon and ENSO. Science, 284(5423): 2156–2159. DOI:10.1126/science.284.5423.2156.Google Scholar

Kumar, K. K., Rajagopalan, B., Hoerling, M., Bates, G., Cane, M., 2006. Unraveling the mystery of Indian monsoon failure during El Niño. Science, 314(5796): 115–119 DOI:10.1126/science.1131152.Google Scholar

Kumar, R., Mishra, V., Buzan, J., Kumar, R., Shindell, D., Huber, M., 2017. Dominant control of agriculture and irrigation on urban heat island in India. Scientific Reports, 7(1): 14054. DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-14213-2.Google Scholar

Kummerow, C., Barnes, W., Kozu, T., Shiue, J., Simpson, J., 1998. The tropical rainfall measuring mission (TRMM) sensor package. Journal of Atmospherc and Oceanic Technology, 15: 809–817.Google Scholar

Kurz, J., 2011. China’s Southern Tang Dynasty, 937–976. Routledge, London, p. 160.Google Scholar

Kutzbach, J. E., 1981. Monsoon climate of the early Holocene – climate experiment with the Earths orbital parameters for 9000 years ago. Science, 214(4516): 59–61.Google Scholar

Kuzmin, Y., 2006a. Chronology of the earliest pottery in East Asia: progress and pitfalls. Antiquity, 80(2006): 362–371.Google Scholar

Kuzmin, Y. V., 2006b. Chronology of the earliest pottery in East Asia: progress and pitfalls. Antiquity, 80(308): 362–371.Google Scholar

Kuzmin, Y. V., 2010. The origin of pottery in East Asia and its relationship to environmental changes in the late glacial. Radiocarbon, 52(2–3): 415–420.Google Scholar

Lansing, J. S., Fox, K. M., 2011. Niche construction on Bali: the gods of the countryside. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 366(1566): 927–934. DOI:10.1098/rstb.2010.0308.Google Scholar

Lambeck, K., Rouby, H., Purcell, A., Sun, Y., Sambridge, M., 2014. Sea level and global ice volumes from the last glacial maximum to the holocene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(43): 15296–15303. 10.1073/pnas.1411762111.Google Scholar

Lansing, J. S., Kremer, J. N., 2011. Rice, fish, and the planet. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(50): 19841–19842.Google Scholar

Lau, K. M., Kim, K. M., 2006. Observational relationships between aerosol and Asian monsoon rainfall, and circulation. Geophysical Research Letters, 33: L21810. DOI:10.1029/2006GL027546.Google Scholar

Lau, N. C., Wang, B., 2005. Monsoon–ENSO interactions. The Global Monsoon System: Research and Forecast. WMO Technical Document 1266 and TMRP Report, 70: 299–309.Google Scholar

Lau, W. K. M., Kim, K. M., 2010. Fingerprinting the impacts of aerosols on long-term trends of the Indian summer monsoon regional rainfall. Geophysical Research Letters, 37(L16705). DOI:10.1029/2010GL043255.Google Scholar

Laufer, B., 1907. The Introduction of Maize into Eastern Asia. Dussault & Proulx, Québec City.Google Scholar

Lawson, P., 2014. The East India Company: A History. Routledge, London, 200 pp.Google Scholar

Lear, C. H., Rosenthal, Y., Slowey, N., 2002. Benthic foraminiferal Mg/Ca-paleothermometry: a revised core-top calibration. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 66(19): 3375–3387. DOI:10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00941-9.Google Scholar

Lee, G. -A., 2011. The transition from foraging to farming in prehistoric korea. Current Anthropology, 52(S4): S307–S329. DOI:10.1086/658488.Google Scholar

Lee, G. -A., Crawford, G. W., Liu, L., Sasaki, Y., Chen, X., 2011. Archaeological soybean (Glycine max) in East Asia: does size matter? PLOS ONE, 6(11): e26720. 10.1371/journal.pone.0026720.Google Scholar

Lee, J., 1982. Food supply and population growth in southwest China, 1250–1850. The Journal of Asian Studies, 41(4): 711–747. DOI:10.2307/2055447.Google Scholar

Lee, J., Feng, W., 1999. Malthusian models and Chinese realities: The Chinese demographic system 1700–2000. Population and Development Review, 25(1): 33–65.Google Scholar

Lemordant, L., Gentine, P., Swann, A. S., Cook, B. I., Scheff, J., 2018. Critical impact of vegetation physiology on the continental hydrologic cycle in response to increasing CO2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(16): 4093–4098. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1720712115.Google Scholar

Leng, M. J., Barker, P. A., 2006. A review of the oxygen isotope composition of lacustrine diatom silica for palaeoclimate reconstruction. Earth-Science Reviews, 75(1–4): 5–27.Google Scholar

Leshnik, L. S., 1973. Land use and ecological factors in prehistoric Northwest India. In: Hammond, N. (ed.), South Asian Archaeology. Duckworth, London, pp.67–84.Google Scholar

Leung, Y. K., Wu, M. C., Yeung, K. K., 2007. Recent Decline in Typhoon Activity in the South China Sea, International Conference on Climate Change. Hong Kong Observatory, Hong Kong, China.Google Scholar

Levine, R. C., Turner, A. G., 2012. Dependence of Indian monsoon rainfall on moisture fluxes across the Arabian Sea and the impact of coupled model sea surface temperature biases. Climate Dynamics, 38: 2167–2190.Google Scholar

Lewandowsky, S., Risbey, J. S., Oreskes, N., 2016. The “pause” in global warming: Turning a routine fluctuation into a problem for science. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 97(5): 723–733.Google Scholar

Li, C., McLinden, C., Fioletov, V., Krotkov, N., Carn, S., Joiner, J., Streets, D., He, H., Ren, X., Li, Z., Dickerson, R. R., 2017a. India is overtaking China as the world’s largest emitter of anthropogenic sulfur dioxide. Scientific Reports, 7(1): 14304. DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-14639-8.Google Scholar

Li, H. M., Dai, A. G., Zhou, T. J., Lu, J., 2010. Responses of East Asian summer monsoon to historical SST and atmospheric forcing during 1950–2000. Climate Dynamics, 34: 501–514.Google Scholar

Li, J., Liu, Z., He, C., Yue, H., Gou, S., 2017b. Water shortages raised a legitimate concern over the sustainable development of the drylands of northern China: Evidence from the water stress index. Science of The Total Environment, 590–591: 739–750. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.037.Google Scholar

Li, K., Xu, Z., 2006. Overview of Dujiangyan irrigation scheme of ancient China with current theory. Irrigation and Drainage, 55(3): 291–298. DOI:10.1002/ird.234.Google Scholar

Li, X., Dodson, J., Zhou, J., Zhou, X., 2009. Increases of population and expansion of rice agriculture in Asia, and anthropogenic methane emissions since 5000 BP. Quaternary International, 202(1–2): 41–50.Google Scholar

Li, X., Ting, M., Li, C., Henderson, N., 2015. Mechanisms of Asian summer monsoon changes in response to anthropogenic forcing in CMIP5 models. Journal of Climate, 28(10): 4107–4125. 10.1175/jcli-d-14–00559.1.Google Scholar

Li, X., Zhou, Y., Asrar, G. R., Imhoff, M., Li, X., 2017c. The surface urban heat island response to urban expansion: A panel analysis for the conterminous United States. Science of the Total Environment, 605: 426–435.Google Scholar

Li, Z., Lau, W. K. -M., Ramanathan, V., Wu, G., Ding, Y., Manoj, M. G., Liu, J., Qian, Y., Li, J., Zhou, T., Fan, J., Rosenfeld, D., Ming, Y., Wang, Y., Huang, J., Wang, B., Xu, X., Lee, S.-S., Cribb, M., Zhang, F., Yang, X., Zhao, C., Takemura, T., Wang, K., Xia, X., Yin, Y., Zhang, H., Guo, J., Zhai, P. M., Sugimoto, N., Babu, S. S., Brasseur, G. P., 2016. Aerosol and monsoon climate interactions over Asia. Reviews of Geophysics, 54(4): 866–929. DOI:10.1002/2015rg000500.Google Scholar

Liang, X., Wood, E. F., Lettenmaier, D. P., 1996. Surface soil moisture parameterization of the VIC-2L model: Evaluation and modification. Global and Planetary Change, 13(1): 195–206. DOI:10.1016/0921-8181(95)00046-1.Google Scholar

Licht, A., Cappelle, M. v., Abels, H. A., Ladant, J. -B., Trabucho-Alexandre, J., France-Lanord, C., Donnadieu, Y., Vandenberghe, J., Rigaudier, T., Lecuyer, C., Terry, D., Adriaens, R., Boura, A., Guo, Z., Soe, A. N., Quade, J., Dupont-Nivet, G., Jaeger, J. -J., 2014. Asian monsoons in a late Eocene greenhouse world. Nature, 513: 501–506. DOI:10.1038/nature13704.Google Scholar

Lieberman, V., 2003. Strange Parallels: Southeast Asia in Global Context, C. 800–1830, vol. 1, Integration on the Mainland. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar

Linwang, X. Z. Y., 2012. Fluctuation characteristics of Holocene sea-level change and its environmental implications. Quaternary Sciences, 6: 004.Google Scholar

Liu, L., Chen, X., Shi, J., 2014. Shanxi Wuxiang Niupiziwan shimopan, mobang de weihen yu canliuwu fenxi (Usewear and residue analyses of the grinding stones from Niupiziwan in Wuxiang county, Shanxi province). Kaogu yu Wenwu, 3: 109–119.Google Scholar

Liu, B., Xu, M., Henderson, M., Qi, Y., 2005a. Observed trends of precipitation amount, frequency, and intensity in China, 1960–2000. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110(D08103). DOI:10.1029/2004JD004864.Google Scholar

Liu, J., Xu, K., Li, A., Milliman, J., Velozzi, D., Xiao, S., Yang, Z., 2007a. Flux and fate of Yangtze River sediment delivered to the East China Sea. Geomorphology, 85(3–4): 208–224.Google Scholar

Liu, K. S., Chan, J. C. L., 2019. Inter-decadal variability of the location of maximum intensity of category 4–5 typhoons and its implication on landfall intensity in East Asia. International Journal of Climatology, 39(4): 1839–1852. DOI:10.1002/joc.5919.Google Scholar

Liu, L., Chen, X., Zhao, H., 2013. Henan Mengjin Zhaigen, Bangou chutu Peiligang wanqi shimopan gongneng fenxi (Functional analysis of grinding slabs of the late Peiligang culture from Zhaigen and Bangou in Mengjin, Henan). Zhongyuan Wenwu, 5: 76–86.Google Scholar

Liu, L., Field, J., Fullagar, R., Chaohong, Z., Chen, X., Yu, J., 2010. A functional analysis of grinding stones from an early holocene site at Donghulin, North China. Journal of Archaeological Science, 37(2010): 2630–2639.Google Scholar

Liu, L., Ge, W., Bestel, S., Jones, D., Shi, J., Song, Y., Chen, X., 2011. Plant exploitation of the last foragers at Shizitan in the middle yellow river valley China: evidence from grinding stones. Journal of Archaeological Science, 38(12): 3524–3532.Google Scholar

Liu, L., Lee, G. -A., Jiang, L., Zhang, J., 2007b. Evidence for the early beginning (c. 9000 cal. BP) of rice domestication in China: a response. The Holocene, 17(8): 1059–1068.Google Scholar

Liu, W., Huang, Y., 2005. Compound specific D/H ratios and molecular distributions of higher plant leaf waxes as novel paleoenvironmental indicators in the Chinese Loess Plateau. Organic Geochemistry, 36(6): 851–860. DOI:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.01.006.Google Scholar

Liu, W., Huang, Y., An, Z., Clemens, S. C., Li, L., Prell, W. L., Ning, Y., 2005b. Summer monsoon intensity controls C4/C3 plant abundance during the last 35 ka in the Chinese Loess Plateau; carbon isotope evidence from bulk organic matter and individual leaf waxes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 220(3–4): 243–254.Google Scholar

Liu, X., 1998. The success or failure of ancient cities and paleoclimate in Chengdu plain. Sichuan Wenwu, 4: 34–37.Google Scholar

Liu, Y., Jiang, D., 2016. Last glacial maximum permafrost in China from CMIP5 simulations. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 447: 12–21. DOI:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.01.042.Google Scholar

Liu, Z., Otto-Bliesner, B., Kutzbach, J., Li, L., Shields, C., 2003. Coupled climate simulation of the evolution of global monsoons in the Holocene. Journal of Climatology, 16: 2472–2490.Google Scholar

Lobell, D. B., Burke, M. B., 2008. Why are agricultural impacts of climate change so uncertain? The importance of temperature relative to precipitation. Environmental Research Letters, 3(034007), DOI:10.1088/1748-9326/3/3/034007.Google Scholar

Lobell, D. B., Field, C. B., 2007. Global scale climate–crop yield relationships and the impacts ofrecent warming. Environmental Research Letters, 2(014002), DOI:10.1088/1748-9326/2/1/014002.Google Scholar

Lockwood, M., Bell, C., Woollings, T., Harrison, R. G., Gray, L. J., Haigh, J. D., 2010. Top-down solar modulation of climate: evidence for centennial-scale change. Environmental Research Letters, 5(3): 034008. 10.1088/1748–9326/5/3/034008.Google Scholar

Londo, J. P., Chiang, Y. -C., Hung, K. -H., Chiang, T. -Y., Schaal, B. A., 2006. Phylogeography of Asian wild rice, Oryza rufipogon, reveals multiple independent domestications of cultivated rice, Oryza sativa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103(25): 9578–9583.Google Scholar

Looney, R., 2012. Economic impacts of the floods in Pakistan. Contemporary South Asia, 20(2): 225–241. 10.1080/09584935.2012.670203.Google Scholar

Lu, H., Liu, Z., Wu, N., BernÉ, S., Saito, Y., Liu, B., Wang, L. U. O., 2008. Rice domestication and climatic change: phytolith evidence from East China. Boreas, 31(4): 378–385. 10.1111/j.1502–3885.2002.tb01081.x.Google Scholar

Lu, H., Zhang, J., Liu, K. -b., Wu, N., Li, Y., Zhou, K., Ye, M., Zhang, T., Zhang, H., Yang, X., Shen, L., Xu, D., Li, Q., 2009. Earliest domestication of common millet (Panicum miliaceum) in East Asia extended to 10,000 years ago. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(18): 7367–7372. 10.1073/pnas.0900158106.Google Scholar

Lu, T., 2006. The occurrence of cereal cultivation in China. Asian Perspectives, 45(2): 129–158.Google Scholar

Lutz, A. F., Immerzeel, W. W., Shrestha, A. B., Bierkens, M. F. P., 2014. Consistent increase in High Asia’s runoff due to increasing glacier melt and precipitation. Nature Climate Change, 4: 587–592. DOI 10.1038/NCLIMATE2237.Google Scholar

Mabbett, I. W., 1964. The date of the arthaśāstra. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 84(2): 162–169.Google Scholar

MacNeish, R. S., Cunnar, G., Zhao, Z., Libby, J. G., 1998. Re-revised Second Annual Report of the Sino-American Jiangxi (PRC) Origin of Rice Project SAJOR. Andover Foundation for Archaeological Research, Andover, MA.Google Scholar

Madden, R. A., Julian, P. R., 1972. Description of global-scale circulation cells in tropics with a 40–50 day period. Journal of Atmospheric Science, 29: 1109–1123.Google Scholar

Madden, R. A., Julian, P. R., 1994. Observations of the 40–50-day tropical oscillation—a review. Monthly Weather Review, 122: 814–837.Google Scholar

Madella, M., 2003. Investigating agriculture and environment in South Asia: present and future contributions from opal phytoliths In: Weber, SA, Belcher, WM, (eds.), Indus Ethnobiology. New Perspectives from the Field. Altamira Press, Lanham, MD, pp. 201–250.Google Scholar

Madella, M., Fuller, D. Q., 2006. Palaeoecology and the Harappan civilisation of south Asia: a reconsideration. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25: 1283–1301. DOI:10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.10.012.Google Scholar

Magee, J. W., Miller, G. H., Spooner, N. A., Questiaux, D., 2004. Continuous 150 k.y. monsoon record from Lake Eyre, Australia: Insolation-forcing implications and unexpected Holocene failure. Geology, 32: 885–888.Google Scholar

Manabe, S., Terpstra, T. B., 1974. The effects of mountains on the general circulation of the atmosphere as identified by numerical experiments. Journal of Atmospheric Science, 31: 3–42.Google Scholar

Manghnani, V., Morrison, J. M., Hopkins, T. S., Böhm, E., 1998. Advection of upwelled waters in the form of plumes off Oman during the Southwest Monsoon. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 45(10–11): 2027–2052.Google Scholar

Mann, H., 1946. Millets in the middle east. Empire Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 14: 208–16.Google Scholar

Mann, M. E., Zhang, Z., Rutherford, S., Bradley, R. S., Hughes, M. K., Shindell, D., Ammann, C., Faluvegi, G., Ni, F., 2009. Global signatures and dynamical origins of the little ice age and medieval climate anomaly. Science, 326(5957): 1256–1260.Google Scholar

Mao, L., Zhang, Y., Bi, H., 2006. Modern pollen deposits in coastal mangrove swamps from northern Hainan Island, China. Journal of Coastal Research, 226: 1423–1436. DOI:/10.2112/05-0516.1 Google Scholar

Marcott, S. A., Shakun, J. D., Clark, P. U., Mix, A. C., 2013. A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years. Science, 339(6124): 1198–1201. 10.1126/science.1228026.Google Scholar

Marks, R., 1998. Tigers, Rice, Silk, and Silt: Environment and Economy in Late Imperial South China. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar

Marshall, J. H., 1931. Mohenjo-daro and the Indus Civilisation. Arthur Probsthain, London.Google Scholar

Marshall, M., 2010. Frozen jet stream links Pakistan floods, Russian fires, New Scientist. www.newscientist.com/article/mg20727730-101-frozen-jet-stream-links-pakistan-floods-russian-fires/.Google Scholar

Marston, J. M., 2011. Archaeological markers of agricultural risk management. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 30(2): 190–205.Google Scholar

Masson-Delmotte, V., Schulz, M., Abe-Ouchi, A., Beer, J., Ganopolski, A., Rouco, J. F. G., Jansen, E., Lambeck, K., Luterbacher, J., Naish, T., Osborn, T., Otto-Bliesner, B., Quinn, T., Ramesh, R., Rojas, M., Shao, X., Timmermann, A., 2013. Information from paleoclimate archives. In: Stocker, T.F. et al. (eds.), Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.Google Scholar

Matsui, A., 1996. Archaeological investigations of andromous salminoid fishing in Japan. World Archaeology, 27(3): 444–460.Google Scholar

Matthew, R., 2013. Climate change and water security in the Himalayan region. Asia Policy, 16: 39–44.Google Scholar

May, T. M., 2012. The Mongols Conquests in World History. Reaktion Books, London, p. 313.Google Scholar

McGlade, J., 1995. Archaeology and the ecodynamics of human-modified landscapes. Antiquity, 68: 113–132.Google Scholar

McInerney, F. A., Helliker, B. R., Freeman, K. H., 2011. Hydrogen isotope ratios of leaf wax n-alkanes in grasses are insensitive to transpiration. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 75(2): 541–554. DOI:10.1016/j.gca.2010.10.022.Google Scholar

McIntosh, R. J., Tainter, J. A., McIntosh, S. K., 2000. The Way the Wind Blows: Climate, History, and Human Action. Columbia University Press, New York.Google Scholar

McManus, J., Francois, R., Gherardi, J., Keigwin, L., Brown-Leger, S., 2004. Collapse and rapid resumption of Atlantic meridional circulation linked to deglacial climate changes. Nature, 428: 834–837.Google Scholar

Meadow, R., 1984. Notes on the faunal remains from Mehrgarh, with a focus on cattle (Bos). In: Allchin, B. (ed.), South Asian Archaeology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 34–40.Google Scholar

Meehl, G. A., Arblaster, J. M., Lawrence, D. M., Seth, A., Schneider, E. K., Kirtman, B. P., Min, D., 2006. Monsoon regimes in the CCSM3. Journal of Climate, 19: 2482–2495.Google Scholar

Memon, A. A., 2004. Evaluation of Impacts on the Lower Indus River Basin Due to Upstream Water Storage and Diversion, World Water & Environmental Resources Congress. American Society of Civil Engineers, Salt Lake City, Utah.Google Scholar

Meybeck, M., 1987. Global chemical weathering of surficial rocks estimates from river dissolved loads. American Journal of Science, 287: 401–428.Google Scholar

Meyers, P. A., 1997. Organic geochemical proxies of paleoceanographic, paleolimnologic, and paleoclimatic processes. Organic Geochemistry, 27(5): 213–250. DOI:10.1016/S0146-6380(97)00049-1.Google Scholar

Middleton, G. D., 2017. The show must go on: Collapse, resilience, and transformation in 21st-century archaeology. Reviews in Anthropology, 46(2–3): 78–105.Google Scholar

Miller, H., 2006a. Water supply, labor requirements, and land ownership in Indus floodplain agricultural systems. In: Marcus, J., Stanish, C. (eds.), Agricultural Strategies, Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, UCLA, pp. 92–127.Google Scholar

Miller, M. -L. H., 2006b. Water supply, Labor organization and land ownership in Indus floodplain agricultural systems. In: Stanish, C., Marcus, J. (eds.), Agriculture and Irrigation in Archaeology. Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, Los Angeles, pp.92–128.Google Scholar

Milliman, J. D., Farnsworth, K. L., Jones, P. D., Xu, K. H., Smith, L. C., 2008. Climatic and anthropogenic factors affecting river discharge to the global ocean, 1951–2000. Planet. Change. Global and Planetary Change, 62: 187–194.Google Scholar

Milliman, J. D., Syvitski, J. P. M., 1992. Geomorphic/tectonic control of sediment discharge to the ocean; the importance of small mountainous rivers. Journal of Geology, 100: 525–544.Google Scholar

Milne, G. A., Mitrovica, J. X., 2008. Searching for eustasy in deglacial sea-level histories. Quaternary Science Reviews, 27(25): 2292–2302. DOI:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.08.018.Google Scholar

Minnis, P. E., 1999. Sustainability: The long view from archaeology. New Mexico Journal of Science, 39: 23–41.Google Scholar

Mishra, A. K., Singh, V. P., 2010. A review of drought concepts. Journal of Hydrology, 391(1): 202–216. DOI:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.07.012.Google Scholar

Mishra, V., Shah, R., Thrasher, B., 2014. Soil moisture droughts under the retrospective and projected climate in India. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 15(6): 2267–2292. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-13-0177.1 Google Scholar

Mishra, V., Smoliak, B. V., Lettenmaier, D. P., Wallace, J. M., 2012. A prominent pattern of year-to-year variability in Indian summer monsoon rainfall. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(19): 7213–7217. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1119150109.Google Scholar

Mishra, V., Tiwari, A. D., Aadhar, S., Shah, R., Xiao, M., Pai, D. S., Lettenmaier, D., 2019. Drought and famine in India, 1870–2016. Geophysical Research Letters, 46(4): 2075–2083. DOI:10.1029/2018GL081477.Google Scholar

Miteva, D. A., Murray, B. C., Pattanayak, S. K., 2015. Do protected areas reduce blue carbon emissions? A quasi-experimental evaluation of mangroves in Indonesia. Ecological Economics, 119: 127–135. DOI:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.08.005.Google Scholar

Mitrovica, J. X., Tamisiea, M. E., Davis, J. L., Milne, G. A., 2001. Recent mass balance of polar ice sheets inferred from patterns of global sea-level change. Nature, 409(6823): 1026–1029. DOI:10.1038/35059054.Google Scholar

Mohammed, A. R., Tarpley, L., 2009. High nighttime temperatures affect rice productivity through altered pollen germination and spikelet fertility. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 149(6): 999–1008. DOI:10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.12.003.Google Scholar

Mohtadi, M., Oppo, D. W., Steinke, S., Stuut, J. -B. W., Pol-Holz, R. D., Hebbeln, D., Lückge, A., 2011. Glacial to Holocene swings of the Australian-Indonesian monsoon. Nature Geoscience, 4: 540–544.Google Scholar

Molnar, P., England, P., Martinod, J., 1993. Mantle dynamics, uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, and the Indian monsoon. Reviews of Geophysics, 31(4): 357–396.Google Scholar

Molnar, P. H., Rajagopalan, B., 2012. Late Miocene upward and outward growth of eastern Tibet and decreasing monsoon rainfall over the northwestern Indian subcontinent since ~10 Ma. Geophysical Research Letters, 39: L09702. DOI:10.1029/2012GL051305.Google Scholar

Morisaki, K., 2012. The evolution of lithic technology and human behavior from MIS 3 to MIS 2 in the Japanese Upper Paleolithic. Quaternary International, 248: 56–69. DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2010.11.011.Google Scholar

Morrill, C., Anderson, D. M., Bauer, B. A., Buckner, R., Gille, E. P., Gross, W. S., Hartman, M., Shah, A., 2013a. Proxy benchmarks for intercomparison of 8.2 ka simulations. Clim. Past, 9(1): 423–432. DOI:10.5194/cp-9-423-2013.Google Scholar

Morrill, C., LeGrande, A. N., Renssen, H., Bakker, P., Otto-Bliesner, B. L., 2013b. Model sensitivity to North Atlantic freshwater forcing at 8.2 ka. Clim. Past, 9(2): 955–968. DOI:10.5194/cp-9-955-2013.Google Scholar

Morrill, C., Wagner, A., Otto-Bliesner, B., Rosenbloom, N., 2011. Evidence for significant climate impacts in monsoonal Asia at 8.2 ka from multiple proxies and model simulations. Journal of Earth Environment, 2: 426–441.Google Scholar

Morrill, C., Wagner, A. J., Otto-Bliesner, B. L., Rosenbloom, N., 2014. Evidence for significant climate impacts in monsoonal Asia at 8.2 ka from multiple proxies and model simulations. Journal of Earth Environment, 2: 426–441.Google Scholar

Moulherat, C., Tengberg, M., Haquet, J. -F., Mille, B. t., 2002. First evidence of cotton at Neolithic Mehrgarh, Pakistan: analysis of mineralized fibres from a copper bead. Journal of Archaeological Science, 29(12): 1393–1401.Google Scholar

Mughal, M. R., 1997. Ancient Cholistan: Archaeology and Architecture. Ferozsons Pvt. Ltd, Rawalpindi.Google Scholar

Mughal, R., 1990. The protohistoric settlement patterns in the Cholistan desert, Pakistan. In: Teddei, M. (ed.), South Asian Archaeology 1987. Instituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente, Rome, pp.143–156.Google Scholar

Mughal, R., 1992. The geographical extent of the Indus civilization during the early, mature and late Harappan times. In: Possehl, G. (ed.), South Asian Archaeology Studies. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, pp.123–143.Google Scholar

Muir, J., 1873. Original Sanskrit Texts on the Origin and History of the People of India, Their Religions and Institutions. Trübner & Company.Google Scholar

Murakami, H., Vecchi, G. A., Underwood, S., 2017. Increasing frequency of extremely severe cyclonic storms over the Arabian Sea. Nature Climate Change, 7(12): 885–889. DOI:10.1038/s41558-017-0008-6.Google Scholar

Murra, J., 1985. The limits and limitations of the “vertical archipelago” in the andes. In: Masuda, S., Shimada, I., Morris, C. (eds.), Andean Ecology and Civilization: An Interdisciplinary Perspective on Andean Ecological Complementarity. University of Tokyo, Tokyo, pp.15–20.Google Scholar

Mustafa, D., Wrathall, D., 2011. Indus basin floods of 2010: souring of a Faustian bargain? Water Alternatives, 4(1): 72–85.Google Scholar

Naidu, P. D., Malmgren, B. A., 1995. A 2,200 years periodicity in the Asian monsoon system. Geophysical Research Letters, 22: 2361–2364.Google Scholar

Nakajima, T., Hudson, M. J., Uchiyama, J., Makibayashi, K., Zhang, J. 2019. Common carp aquaculture in Neolithic China dates back 8,000 years. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 3(10): 1415–1418, DOI:10.1038/s41559-019-0974-3.Google Scholar

Naqvi, S. A., 2012. Indus Waters and Social Change: The Evolution and Transition of Agrarian Society in Pakistan.Oxford University Press, Pakistan, p. 541.Google Scholar

Neena, J. M., Suhas, E., Goswami, B. N., 2011. Leading role of internal dynamics in the 2009 Indian summer monsoon drought. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 116(D13). DOI:10.1029/2010jd015328.Google Scholar

Nesbitt, H. W., Markovics, G., Price, R. C., 1980. Chemical processes affecting alkalis and alkaline earths during continental weathering. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 44: 1659–1666.Google Scholar

Netting, R. M., 1993. Smallholders, Householders: Farm Families and the Ecology of Intensive, Sustainable Agriculture. Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, CA, p. 446.Google Scholar

Neumann, B., Vafeidis, A. T., Zimmermann, J., Nicholls, R. J., 2015a. Future coastal population growth and exposure to sea-level rise and coastal flooding – a global assessment. PLOS ONE, 10(3): e0118571. DOI;10.1371/journal.pone.0118571.Google Scholar

Neumann, J. E., Emanuel, K. A., Ravela, S., Ludwig, L. C., Verly, C., 2015b. Risks of coastal storm surge and the effect of sea level rise in the red river delta, vietnam.Sustainability, 7: 6553–6572. DOI;10.3390/su7066553.Google Scholar

Ni, J., Ge, Y., Harrison, S., Prentice, C. I., 2010. Palaeovegetation in China during the late Quaternary: Biome reconstructions based on a global scheme of plant functional types. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 289(2010): 44–61.Google Scholar

Nie, J., Stevens, T., Rittner, M., Stockli, D., Garzanti, E., Limonta, M., Bird, A., Ando, S., Vermeesch, P., Saylor, J., Lu, H., Breecker, D., Hu, X., Liu, S., Resentini, A., Vezzoli, G., Peng, W., Carter, A., Ji, S., Pan, B., 2015. Loess Plateau storage of Northeastern Tibetan Plateau-derived Yellow River sediment. Nature Communications, 6: 8511. DOI:10.1038/ncomms9511.Google Scholar

North Greenland Ice Core Project members, 2004. High-resolution record of Northern Hemisphere climate extending into the last interglacial period. Nature, 431: 147–151.Google Scholar

Norton, C., Kim, B., Bae, K., 1999. Differential processing of fish during the Korean Neolithic: Konam-Ri. Artic Anthropology, 36(1/2): 151–165.Google Scholar

O’Brien, P. J., 1972. The sweet potato: its origin and dispersal1. American Anthropologist, 74(3): 342–365. DOI:10.1525/aa.1972.74.3.02a00070.Google Scholar

Oberlies, T., 1998. Die Religion des Rgveda: Ester Teil: das religiöse system des Rgveda, 26. Publications of the De Nobili Research library, Vienna, Austria, 632 pp.Google Scholar

Oka, H. I., 1958. Photoperiodic adaption to latitude in rice varieties. Phyton, 11: 153–160.Google Scholar

Oram, P. A., De Haan, C., 1995. Technologies for Rainfed Agriculture in Mediterranean Climates: A Review of World Bank Experiences. The World Bank, New York.Google Scholar

Ortiz, R., Sayre, K. D., Govaerts, B., Gupta, R., Subbarao, G. V., Ban, T., Hodson, D., Dixon, J. M., Iván Ortiz-Monasterio, J., Reynolds, M., 2008. Climate change: Can wheat beat the heat? Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 126(1): 46–58. DOI:10.1016/j.agee.2008.01.019.Google Scholar

Ozturk, T., Turp, M. T., Türkeş, M., Kurnaz, M. L., 2017. Projected changes in temperature and precipitation climatology of Central Asia CORDEX Region 8 by using RegCM4.3.5. Atmospheric Research, 183: 296–307. DOI:10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.09.008.Google Scholar

Padma Kumari, B., Londhe, A. L., Daniel, S., Jadhav, D. B., 2007. Observational evidence of solar dimming: Offsetting surface warming over India. Geophysical Research Letters, 34(21): L21810. 10.1029/2007GL031133.Google Scholar

Pal, J. S., Eltahir, E. A. B., 2015. Future temperature in southwest Asia projected to exceed a threshold for human adaptability. Nature Climate Change, 6: 197. DOI:10.1038/nclimate2833.Google Scholar

Palmer, W. C., 1965. Meteorological Drought, Dept. of Commerce, Washington, D.C.Google Scholar

Palmieri, A., Shah, F., Dinar, A., 2001. Economics of reservoir sedimentation and sustainable management of dams. Journal of Environmental Management, 61(2): 149–163. DOI:10.1006/jema.2000.0392.Google Scholar

Pant, G. B., Parthasarathy, B., 1981. Some aspects of an association between the southern oscillation and Indian summer monsoon. Arch. Meteor. Geophys. Bioklimatol., Archiv für Meteorologie, Geophysik und Bioklimatologie, Serie B, 1329: 245–252.Google Scholar

Panwar, N., Kaushik, S., Kothari, S., 2011. Role of renewable energy sources in environmental protection: a review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15(3): 1513–1524.Google Scholar

Park, C. E., Jeong, S. J., Ho, C. H., Park, H., Piao, S., Kim, J., Feng, S., 2017. Dominance of climate warming effects on recent drying trends over wet monsoon regions. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17(17): 10467–10476. 10.5194/acp-17–10467–2017.Google Scholar

Parsons, J. B., 1970. The Peasant Rebellions of the Late Ming Dynasty. University of Arizona Press, Tuscon, 292 pp.Google Scholar

Parthasarathy, B., Kumar, K. R., Munot, A. A., 1992. Surface pressure and summer monsoon rainfall over India. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 9(3): 359–366. 10.1007/bf02656946.Google Scholar

Parthasarathy, B., Munot, A., Kothawale, D., 1994. All-India monthly and seasonal rainfall series: 1871–1993. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 49(4): 217–224.Google Scholar

Parthasarathy, B., Munot, A. A., Kothawale, D. R., 1995 . Monthly and seasonal rainfall series for All-India homogeneous regions and meteorological subdivisions: 1871–1994. RR-065, Contributions from Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune 411 008 India.Google Scholar

Partin, J. W., Cobb, K. M., Adkins, J. F., Clark, B., Fernandez, D. P., 2007. Millennial-scale trends in west Pacific warm pool hydrology since the last glacial maximum. Nature, 449(7161): 452–455. DOI:10.1038/nature06164.Google Scholar

Patil, N., Venkataraman, C., Muduchuru, K., Ghosh, S., Mondal, A., 2019. Disentangling sea-surface temperature and anthropogenic aerosol influences on recent trends in South Asian monsoon rainfall. Climate Dynamics, 52(3): 2287–2302. DOI:10.1007/s00382-018-4251-y.Google Scholar

Pattanaik, D., 2000. Devi, the Mother-Goddess: An Introduction. Vakils, Feffer, and Simons Limited.Google Scholar

Patwardhan, S., Kulkarni, A., Rao, K. K., 2018. Projected changes in rainfall and temperature over homogeneous regions of India. Theoretical & Applied Climatology, 131(1–2): 581–592. DOI:10.1007/s00704-016-1999-z.Google Scholar

Pearson, R., 2006. Jomon hot spot: increasing sedentism in south- western Japan in the Incipient Jomon (14,000–9250 cal. bc) and Earliest Jomon (9250–5300 cal. bc) periods.World Archaeology, 38(2): 239–258.Google Scholar

Pederson, N., Hessl, A. E., Baatarbileg, N., Anchukaitis, K. J., Di Cosmo, N., 2014. Pluvials, droughts, the Mongol Empire, and modern Mongolia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(12): 4375–4379. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1318677111.Google Scholar

Pei, Q., Zhang, D. D., Li, J., Lee, H. F., 2017. Proxy-based Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction for the mid-to-late Holocene. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 130(3): 1043–1053. 10.1007/s00704-016–1932-5.Google Scholar

Peltier, W. R., 1994. Ice age paleotopography. Science, 265: 195–201.Google Scholar

Peltier, W. R., 2002. On eustatic sea level history: Last Glacial Maximum to Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 21(1–3): 377–396.Google Scholar

Peng, X., 1987. Demographic consequences of the great leap forward in China’s provinces. Population and Development Review, 13(4): 639–670. DOI:10.2307/1973026.Google Scholar

Perkins, D. H., 1969. Agricultural Development in China 1368–1968. Aldine Publishing Co., Chicago.Google Scholar

Perkins, J. H., 1997. Geopolitics and the Green Revolution: Wheat, Genes, and the Cold War. Oxford University Press, New York, 336 pp.Google Scholar

Peterson, C. E., Shelach, G., 2012. Jiangzhai: Social and economic organization of a Middle Neolithic Chinese village. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 31(2012): 265–301.Google Scholar

Peterson, L. C., Murray, D. W., Ehrmann, W. U., Hempel, P., 1992. Cenozoic carbonate accumulation and compensation depth changes in the Indian Ocean. In: Duncan, R. A., Rea, D. K., Kidd, R. B., von Rad, U., Weissel, J. K. (eds.), Synthesis of Results from Scientific Drilling in the Indian Ocean. Geophysical Monograph. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, pp.311–333.Google Scholar

Petrie, C. A., Bates, J., 2017. ‘Multi-cropping’, Intercropping and Adaptation to Variable Environments in Indus South Asia. Journal of World Prehistory, 30(2): 81–130.Google Scholar

Phadtare, N. R., 2000. Sharp decrease in summer monsoon strength 4000 –3500 cal yr B.P. in the central higher himalaya of India based on pollen evidence from alpine peat. Quaternary Research, 53: 122–129.Google Scholar

Pingali, P. L., 2012. Green revolution: Impacts, limits, and the path ahead. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(31): 12302–12308. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0912953109.Google Scholar

Ponte, R. M., Quinn, K. J., Piecuch, C. G., 2018. Accounting for gravitational attraction and loading effects from land ice on absolute sea level. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 35(2): 405–410. DOI:10.1175/JTECH-D-17-0092.1.Google Scholar

Ponton, C., Giosan, L., Eglinton, T. I., Fuller, D., Johnson, J. E., Kumar, P., Collet, T. S., 2012. Holocene Aridification of India. Geophysical Research Letters, 39(L03704). DOI:10.1029/2011GL050722.Google Scholar

Porter, J., Xie, L., Challinor, A., Cochrane, K., Howden, S., Iqbal, M., Lobell, D., Travasso, M., 2014. Food security and food production systems. In: Field, C. B. et al. (eds.), Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 485–533.Google Scholar

Prasad, S., Enzel, Y., 2006. Holocene paleoclimates of India. Quaternary Research, 66: 442–453.Google Scholar

Prasad, S., Kusumgar, S., Gupta, S. K., 1997. A mid–late Holocene record of palaeoclimatic changes from Nal Sarovar—A palaeodesert margin lake in western India. Journal of Quaternary Science, 12(2): 153–159.Google Scholar

Prasanna, V., 2014. Impact of monsoon rainfall on the total foodgrain yield over India. Journal of Earth System Science, 123(5): 1129–1145. 10.1007/s12040-014–0444-x.Google Scholar

Prell, W. L., Kutzbach, J. E., 1992. Sensitivity of the Indian monsoon to forcing parameters and implications for its evolution. Nature, 360(6405): 647–652.Google Scholar

Prell, W. L., Murray, D. W., Clemens, S. C., Anderson, D. M., 1992. Evolution and variability of the Indian ocean summer monsoon: evidence from the western Arabian sea drilling program. In: Duncan, R. A., Rea, D. K., Kidd, R. B., von Rad, U., Weissel, J. K. (eds.), Synthesis of Results from Scientific Drilling in the Indian Ocean. Geophysical Monograph. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, pp.447–469.Google Scholar

Prendergast, M. E., Yuan, J., Bar-Yosef, O., 2009. Resource intensification in the Late Upper Paleolithic: a view from southern China. Journal of Archaeological Science, 36(2009): 1027–1037.Google Scholar

Pretzsch, H., 2009. Forest dynamics, growth, and yield, Forest Dynamics, Growth and Yield. Springer, pp. 1–39.Google Scholar

Pritchard, H. D., 2017. Asia’s glaciers are a regionally important buffer against drought. Nature, 545: 169. DOI:10.1038/nature22062.Google Scholar

Purugganan, M. D., Fuller, D. Q., 2009. The nature of selection during plant domestication. Nature, 457(7231): 843–848.Google Scholar

Qian, W. -h., Huang, J., 2018. Impact of different climatic flows on typhoon tracks. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 130(2): 137–152. DOI:10.1007/s00703-017-0515-z.Google Scholar

Qinghai Sheng Huangyuan Xian Bowuguan, Qinghai Sheng Wenwu Kaogudui, 1985. Qinghai Huangyuan Xian Dahuazhongzhuang Kayue Wenhua Mudi Fajue Jianbao. Kaogu yu Wenwu, 1985(5): 11–34.Google Scholar

Qu, T., Bar-Yosef, O., Wang, Y., Wu, X., 2013. The chinese upper paleolithic: geography, chronology and techno-typology. Journal of Archaeological Research, 21(2013): 1–73.Google Scholar

Quade, J., Cerling, T. E., Bowman, J. R., 1989. Development of Asian monsoon revealed by marked ecological shift during the latest Miocene in northern Pakistan. Nature, 342(6246): 163–166.Google Scholar

Radić, V., Bliss, A., Beedlow, A. C., Hock, R., Miles, E., Cogley, J. G., 2013. Regional and global projections of twenty-first century glacier mass changes in response to climate scenarios from global climate models. Climate Dynamics, 42: 37–58. DOI:10.1007/s00382-013-1719-7.Google Scholar

Rajeevan, M., Bhate, I., Kale, J. D., Lal, B., 2006. High resolution daily gridded rainfall data for the Indian region: Analysis of break and active monsoon spells. Current Science, 91: 296–306.Google Scholar

Rajeevan, M., Gadgil, S., Bhate, J., 2010. Active and break spells of the Indian summer monsoon. Journal of Earth System Science, 119(3): 229–247. DOI:10.1007/s12040-010-0019-4.Google Scholar

Ramanathan, V., Carmichael, G., 2008. Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon. Nature Geoscience, 1: 221. 10.1038/ngeo156.Google Scholar

Ramanathan, V., Chung, C., Kim, D., Bettge, T., Buja, L., Kiehl, J. T., Washington, W. M., Fu, Q., Sikka, D. R., Wild, M., 2005. Atmospheric brown clouds: Impacts on South Asian climate and hydrological cycle. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102(15): 5326–5333. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0500656102.Google Scholar

Ramankutty, N., Foley, J. A., 1999. Estimating historical changes in global land cover: Croplands from 1700 to 1992,. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 13(4): 997–1027. DOI:10.1029/1999GB900046.Google Scholar

Ramaswamy, V., Chanin, M. L., Angell, J., Barnett, J., Gaffen, D., Gelman, M., Keckhut, P., Koshelkov, Y., Labitzke, K., Lin, J. J. R., O’Neill, A., Nash, J., Randel, W., Rood, R., Shine, K., Shiotani, M., Swinbank, R., 2001. Stratospheric temperature trends: Observations and model simulations. Reviews of Geophysics, 39(1): 71–122. 10.1029/1999RG000065.Google Scholar

Ramstein, G., Fluteau, F., Besse, J., Joussaume, S., 1997. Effect of orogeny, plate motion and land-sea distribution on Eurasian climate change over the past 30 million years. Nature, 386: 788–795.Google Scholar

Rao, S. R., 1973. Lothal and the Indus Civilisation. Asia Publishing House, London.Google Scholar

Rao, V. B., Ferreira, C. C., Franchito, S. H., Ramakrishna, S. S. V. S., 2008. In a changing climate weakening tropical easterly jet induces more violent tropical storms over the north. Geophysical Research Letters, 35(L15710), DOI:10.1029/2008GL034729.Google Scholar

Rasmusson, E. M., Carpenter, T. H., 1982. Variations in tropical sea surface temperature and surface wind fields associated with the Southern oscillation/El Niño. Monthly Weather Review, 110: 354–384.Google Scholar

Rasul, G., Mahmood, A., Sadiq, A., Khan, S. I., 2012. Vulnerability of the Indus delta to climate change in Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Meteorology, 8(16): 89–107.Google Scholar

Raven, P. H., 2009. Biology of Plants W H. Freeman & Company.Google Scholar

Rea, D. K., 1994. The paleoclimatic record provided by eolian deposition in the deep sea; the geologic history of wind. Reviews in Geophysics, 32: 159–195.Google Scholar

Reddy, S.N., 1997. If the threshing floor could talk: Integration of agriculture and pastoralism during the late Harappan in Gujarat, India. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 16(2): 162–187. DOI:10.1006/jaar.1997.0308.Google Scholar

Reddy, S. N., 2003. Food and fodder: Plant usage and changing socio-cultural landscapes during the Harappan phase in Gujarat, India. In: Weber, S., Belcher, W. R. (eds.), Indus Ethnobiology. New perspectives from the field. Lexington Books, Lanham, pp.327–342.Google Scholar

Redman, C., 2005. Resilience theory in archaeology. American Anthropologist, 107(1): 70–77.Google Scholar

Redman, C. L., Kinzig, A. P., 2003. Resilience of past landscapes resilience theory, society, and the longue duree. Conservation Ecology, 7(1): 14. DOI:10.5751/ES-00510-070114.Google Scholar

Regattieri, E., Giaccio, B., Galli, P., Nomade, S., Peronace, E., Messina, P., Sposato, A., Boschi, C., Gemelli, M., 2016. A multi-proxy record of MIS 11–12 deglaciation and glacial MIS 12 instability from the Sulmona basin (central Italy). Quaternary Science Reviews, 132: 129–145. DOI:10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.11.015.Google Scholar

Ren, M. -E., Shi, Y. -L., 1986. Sediment discharge of the Yellow River (China) and its effect on the sedimentation of the Bohai and the Yellow Sea Original Research. Continental Shelf Research, 6(6): 785–810. DOI:10.1016/0278-4343(86)90037-3.Google Scholar

Revadekar, J. V., Kothawale, D. R., Patwardhan, S. K., Pant, G. B., Rupa Kumar, K., 2012. About the observed and future changes in temperature extremes over India. Natural Hazards, 60(3): 1133–1155. DOI:10.1007/s11069-011-9895-4.Google Scholar

Rispoli, F., 2007. The incised & impressed pottery style of mainland Southeast Asia: following the paths of Neolithization. East and West, 57(1/4): 235–304.Google Scholar

Rispoli, F., Ciarla, R., Pigott, V. C., 2013. Establishing the prehistoric cultural sequence for the Lopburi region, Central Thailand. Journal of World Prehistory, 26(2): 101–171. DOI:10.1007/s10963-013-9064-7.Google Scholar

Roberts, P., Boivin, N., Petraglia, M., Masser, P., Meece, S., Weisskopf, A., Silva, F., Korisettar, R., Fuller, D. Q., 2016. Local diversity in settlement, demography and subsistence across the southern Indian Neolithic-Iron age transition: site growth and abandonment at Sanganakallu-Kupgal. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 8(3): 575–599.Google Scholar

Rolett, B. V., Zheng, Z., Yue, Y., 2011. Holocene sea-level change and the emergence of Neolithic seafaring in the Fuzhou Basin (Fujian, China). Quaternary Science Reviews, 30(7): 788–797. DOI:10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.01.015.Google Scholar

Ropelewski, C. F., Halpert, M. S., 1987. Global and regional scale precipitation patterns associated with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation. Monthly Weather Review, 115(8): 1606–1626.Google Scholar

Rosen, A., 2008. The impact of environmental change and human land use on alluvial valleys in the loess plateau of China during the middle holocene. Geomorphology, 101(2008): 298–307.Google Scholar

Rosen, A., Macphail, R., Liu, L., Chen, X., Weisskopf, A., 2017. Rising social complexity, agricultural intensification, and the earliest rice paddies on the Loess Plateau of northern China. Quaternary International, 437, Part B: 50–59. DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.10.013.Google Scholar

Rosenfeld, D., Dai, J., Yu, X., Yao, Z., Xu, X., Yang, X., Du, C., 2007. Inverse relations between amounts of air pollution and orographic precipitation. Science, 315(5817): 1396. DOI:10.1126/science.1137949.Google Scholar

Rowley, D. B., Currie, B. S., 2006. Palaeo-altimetry of the late Eocene to Miocene Lunpola basin, central Tibet. Nature, 439: 677–681.Google Scholar

Roy, T. N., 1984. The concept, provenance and chronology of painted grey ware. East and West, 34(1/3): 127–137.Google Scholar

Royden, L. H., Burchfiel, B. C., Van Der Hilst, R. D., 2008. The geological evolution of the Tibetan plateau. Science, 321(5892): 1054–1058. DOI:10.1126/science.1155371.Google Scholar

Rozanski, K., Araguás‐Araguás, L., Gonfiantini, R., 2013. Isotopic patterns in modern global precipitation. In: Swart, P.K., Lohmann, K.C., Mckenzie, J., Savin, S. (eds.), Climate Change in Continental Isotopic Records. Geophysical Monograph. American Geophysical Union, Washington DC, pp. 1–36.Google Scholar

Ruddiman, W. F., 2003. The anthropogenic greenhouse era began thousands of years ago. Climatic Change, 61(3): 261–293. DOI:10.1023/B:CLIM.0000004577.17928.fa.Google Scholar

Ryan, W. B. F., Carbotte, S. M., Coplan, J. O., O’Hara, S., Melkonian, A., Arko, R., Weissel, R.A., Ferrini, V., Goodwillie, A., Nitsche, F., Bonczkowski, J., Zemsky, R., 2009. Global multi-resolution topography synthesis. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 10(Q03014). DOI:10.1029/2008GC002332.Google Scholar

Sagawa, T., Kuwae, M., Tsuruoka, K., Nakamura, Y., Ikehara, M., Murayama, M., 2014. Solar forcing of centennial-scale East Asian winter monsoon variability in the mid- to late Holocene. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 395(1): 124–135.Google Scholar

Sage, S. F., 1992. Ancient Sichuan and the Unification of China. SUNY Press, New York.Google Scholar

Sahni, H. K., 2006. The politics of water in South Asia: the case of the Indus waters treaty. SAIS Review of International Affairs, 26(2): 153–165. DOI:10.1353/sais.2006.0043.Google Scholar

Saini, H. S., Tandon, S. K., Mujtaba, S. A. I., Pant, N. C., Khorana, R. K., 2009. Reconstruction of buried channel-floodplain systems of the northwestern Haryana Plains and their relation to the ‘Vedic’ Saraswati. Current Science, 97(11): 1634–1643.Google Scholar

Saith, N., Slingo, J. M., 2006. The role of the Madden Julian oscillation in the Indian drought of 2002. International Journal of Climatology, 26(10): 1361–1378. DOI:10.1002/joc.1317.Google Scholar

Sankaran, A., 1999. Saraswati–the ancient river lost in the desert. Current Science, 77(8): 1054–1060.Google Scholar

Sarkar, J., 2011. Chapter 4 drought, its impacts and management: scenario in India. In: Shaw, R., Nguyen, H. (eds.), Droughts in Asian Monsoon Region (Community, Environment and Disaster Risk Management, Volume 8). Emerald Group Publishing Limited, pp.67–85.Google Scholar

Sarthi, P. P., Agrawal, A., Rana, A., 2014. Possible future changes in cyclonic storms in the Bay of Bengal, India under warmer climate. International Journal of Climatology, 35: 1267–1277. DOI:10.1002/joc.4053.Google Scholar

Saseendran, S. A., Nielsen, D. C., Lyon, D. J., Ma, L., Felter, D. G., Baltensperger, D. D., Hoogenboom, G., Ahuja, L. R., 2009. Modeling responses of dryland spring triticale, proso millet and foxtail millet to initial soil water in the high plains. Field Crops Research, 113: 48–63.Google Scholar

Sato, T., 2009. Influences of subtropical jet and Tibetan Plateau on precipitation pattern in Asia: Insights from regional climate modeling. Quaternary International, 194(1): 148–158. DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2008.07.008.Google Scholar

Sato, Y. -I., Yamanaka, S., Takahashi, M., 2003. Evidence for Jomon Plant Cultivation based on DNA analysis of chestnut remains. Senri Ethnological Studies, 63: 187–198.Google Scholar

Schewe, J., Levermann, A., 2012. A statistically predictive model for future monsoon failure in India. Environmental Research Letters, 7(4): 044023. DOI:10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/044023.Google Scholar

Schouten, S., Hopmans, E. C., Schefuß, E., Sinninghe Damsté, J. S., 2002. Distributional variations in marine crenarchaeotal membrane lipids: a new tool for reconstructing ancient sea water temperatures? Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 204(1): 265–274. DOI:10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00979-2.Google Scholar

Schuldenrein, J., Wright, R., Khan, M. A., 2007. Harappan geoarchaeology reconsidered: Holocene landscapes and environments of the Greater Indus Plain. Settlement and Society: Essays Dedicated to Robert McCormick Adams, Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles: 83–116.Google Scholar

Schulz, H., von Rad, U., Ittekkot, V., 2002. Planktic Foraminifera, particle flux and oceanic productivity off Pakistan, NE Arabian Sea; modern analogues and application to the palaeoclimatic record. In: The Tectonic and Climatic Evolution of the Arabian Sea region. In: Clift, P. D., Kroon, D., Gaedicke, C., Craig, J. (eds.), Special Publication. Geological Society, London, pp. 499–516.Google Scholar

Scott, J. C., 1998. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. Yale University Press, New Haven, 460 pp.Google Scholar

Scussolini, P., Tran, T. V. T., Koks, E., Diaz-Loaiza, A., Ho, P. L., Lasage, R., 2017. Adaptation to sea level rise: A multidisciplinary analysis for Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Water Resources Research, 53(12): 10841–10857. DOI:10.1002/2017WR021344.Google Scholar

Sen, A., 1977. Starvation and exchange entitlements: a general approach and its application to the great Bengal famine. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 1(1): 33–59. DOI:10.1093/oxfordjournals.cje.a035349.Google Scholar

Shakir, A. S., Khan, N. M., Qureshi, M. M., 2010. Canal water management: Case study of upper Chenab Canal in Pakistan. Irrigation and Drainage, 59(1): 76–91. 10.1002/ird.556.CrossRef Google Scholar

Shanahan, T. M., Overpeck, J. T., Anchukaitis, K. J., Beck, J. W., Cole, J. E., Dettman, D. L., Peck, J. A., Scholz, C. A., King, J. W., 2009. Atlantic forcing of persistent drought in West Africa. Science, 324: 377–380. DOI:10.1126/science.1166352.Google Scholar

Shao, X., Wang, Y., Cheng, H., Kong, X., Wu, J., Edwards, R. L., 2006. Long-term trend and abrupt events of the Holocene Asian monsoon inferred from a stalagmite δ10O record from Shennongjia in Central China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 51(2): 222—228. DOI:10.1007/s11434-005-0882-6.Google Scholar

Shapiro, J., 2001. Mao’s War Against Nature: Politics and the Environment in Revolutionary China. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 276 pp.Google Scholar

Sharma, A., Sharma, D., Panda, S. K., Dubey, S. K., Pradhan, R. K., 2018. Investigation of temperature and its indices under climate change scenarios over different regions of Rajasthan state in India. Global and Planetary Change, 161: 82–96. DOI:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.12.008.Google Scholar

Sharmila, S., Joseph, S., Sahai, A. K., Abhilash, S., Chattopadhyay, R., 2015. Future projection of Indian summer monsoon variability under climate change scenario: An assessment from CMIP5 climate models. Global and Planetary Change, 124: 62–78. DOI:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2014.11.004.Google Scholar

Sheffield, J., Goteti, G., Wen, F., Wood, E. F., 2004. A simulated soil moisture based droughtanalysis for the United States. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 109: 1984–2012.Google Scholar

Shelach, G., 2006. Economic adaptation, community structure, and sharing strategies of households at early sedentary communities in northeast China. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 25(2006): 318–345.Google Scholar

Shelach, G., 2009. Prehistoric Socities on the Northern Frontiers of China. Equinox Publishing, London.Google Scholar

Shelach, G., 2012. On the invention of pottery. Science, 336(6089): 1644–1645. 10.1126/science.1224119.Google Scholar

Shelach-Lavi, G., Teng, M., Goldsmith, Y., Wachtel, I., Stevens, C. J., Marder, O., Wan, X., Wu, X., Tu, D., Shavit, R., Polissar, P., Xu, H., Fuller, D. Q., 2019. Sedentism and plant cultivation in northeast China emerged during affluent conditions. PLOS ONE, 14(7): e0218751. 10.1371/journal.pone.0218751.Google Scholar

Sheng, E., Yu, K., Xu, H., Lan, J., Liu, B., Che, S., 2015. Late Holocene Indian summer monsoon precipitation history at Lake Lugu, northwestern Yunnan Province, southwestern China. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 438: 24–33. DOI:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.07.026.Google Scholar

Sheng, M., Wang, X., Zhang, S., Chu, G., Su, Y., Yang, Z., 2017. A 20,000-year high-resolution pollen record from Huguangyan Maar Lake in tropical–subtropical South China. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 472: 83–92.Google Scholar

Shi, S., 1956. 氾勝之書今釋 : 初稿 / 石声漢著 Fan Shengzhi shu jin shi : chu gao Shi Shenghan zhu (The Book of Fan Shengzhi) Kexue Chubanshe, Beijing, China.Google Scholar

Shi, S., 1974. On “Fan Sheng-chih shu” : An Agriculturist Book of China written by Fan Sheng-chih in the first century B.C. Kexue Chubanshe, Beijing, China.Google Scholar

Shi, Y. F., 2002. Characteristics of late quaternary monsoonal glaciation on the Tibetan Plateau and in East Asia. Quaternary International, 97–98: 79–91.CrossRef Google Scholar

Shimpei, A., 2007. Agricultural technologies of terraced rice cultivation in the Ailao Mountains, Yunnan, China.Asian and African Area Studies, 6(2): 173–196.Google Scholar

Shinde, V., Deshpande, S. S., Osada, T., Uno, T., 2006. Basic issues in Harappan archaeology: some thoughts. Ancient Asia, 1: 63–72. DOI:10.5334/aa.06107.CrossRef Google Scholar

Shiva, V., 2016. The Violence of the Green Revolution: Third World Agriculture, Ecology, and Politics. University Press of Kentucky, 264.Google Scholar

Shoda, S., Lucquin, A., Yanshina, O., Kuzmin, Y., Shevkomud, I., Medvedev, V., Derevianko, E., Lapshina, Z., Craig, O. E., Jordan, P., 2020. Late Glacial hunter-gatherer pottery in the Russian far east: Indications of diversity in origins and use. Quaternary Science Reviews, 229: 106124. DOI:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.106124.Google Scholar

Siegel, B. R., 2018. Hungry Nation: Food, Famine, and The Making of Modern India. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 279 pp.Google Scholar

Simoons, F. J., 1991. Food in China: A Cultural and Historical Inquiry. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar

Singapore Red Cross, 2010. Pakistan Floods:The Deluge of Disaster – Facts & Figures as of 15 September 2010. ReliefWeb, www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900SID/LSGZ89GD7W?OpenDocument.Google Scholar

Singh, A., Thomsen, K. J., Sinha, R., Buylaert, J. -P., Carter, A., Mark, D. F., Mason, P. J., Densmore, A. L., Murray, A. S., Jain, M., Paul, D., Gupta, S., 2017. Counter-intuitive influence of Himalayan river morphodynamics on Indus Civilisation urban settlements. Nature Communications, 8(1): 1617. 10.1038/s41467-017–01643-9.Google Scholar

Singhvi, A. K., Williams, M. A. J., Rajaguru, S. N., Misra, V. N., Chawla, S., Stokes, S., Chauhan, N., Francis, T., Ganjoo, R. K., Humphreys, G. S., 2010. A 200 ka record of climatic change and dune activity in the Thar Desert, India. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(23–24): 3095–3105. DOI:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.08.003.Google Scholar

Sinha, A., Cannariato, K. G., Stott, L. D., Li, H. -C., You, C. -F., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Singh, I. B., 2005. Variability of southwest Indian summer monsoon precipitation during the Bolling-Allerod. Geology, 33(10): 813–816.Google Scholar

Sivakumar, M. V. K., Singh, P., Williams, J. S., 1983. Agroclimatic Aspects in Planning for Improved Productivity in Alfisols’, Alfisols in the Semiarid Tropics: A Consultant’s Workshop, ICRISAT Centre, India.Google Scholar

Slingerland, R., Smith, N. D., 2004. River avulsions and their deposits. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 32: 257–285.Google Scholar

Smith, B. D., 2015. A comparison of niche construction theory and diet breadth models as explanatory frameworks for the initial domestication of plants and animals. Journal of Archaeological Research, 23(3): 215–262.Google Scholar

Smith, B. N., Epstein, S., 1971. Two categories of 13C/12C ratios for higher plants. Plant Physiology, 47: 380–384.CrossRef Google Scholar

Smith, S. J., Edmonds, J., Hartin, C. A., Mundra, A., Calvin, K., 2015. Near-term acceleration in the rate of temperature change. Nature Climate Change, 5: 333. DOI:10.1038/nclimate2552.Google Scholar

Solomon, S., Plattner, G. -K., Knutti, R., Friedlingstein, P., 2009. Irreversible climate change due to carbon dioxide emissions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(6): 1704–1709.Google Scholar

Sorrel, P., Eymard, I., Leloup, P. -H., Maheo, G., Olivier, N., Sterb, M., Gourbet, L., Wang, G., Jing, W., Lu, H., Li, H., Yadong, X., Zhang, K., Cao, K., Chevalier, M. -L., Replumaz, A., 2017. Wet tropical climate in SE Tibet during the Late Eocene. Scientific Reports, 7(1): 7809. 10.1038/s41598-017–07766-9.Google Scholar

Sperber, K. R., Annamalai, H., Kang, I. -S., Kitoh, A., Moise, A., Turner, A., Wang, B., Zhou, T., 2013. The Asian summer monsoon: an intercomparison of CMIP5 vs. CMIP3 simulations of the late 20th century. Climate Dynamics, 41: 2711–2744. DOI 10.1007/s00382-012–1607-6.Google Scholar

Spicer, R. A., Valdes, P. J., Spicer, T. E. V., Craggs, H. J., Srivastava, G., Mehrotra, R. C., Yang, J., 2009. New developments in CLAMP: Calibration using global gridded meteorological data. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 283(1): 91–98. DOI:10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.09.009.Google Scholar

Spignesi, S. J., 2004. Catastrophe!: The 100 Greatest Disasters of All Time. Citadel Press, New York, p. 37.Google Scholar

Stager, J., Mayewski, P. A., 1997. Abrupt early to mid-Holocene climatic transition registered at the equator and the poles. Science, 276(5320): 1834–1836.CrossRef Google Scholar

Staubwasser, M., Sirocko, F., Grootes, P. M., Segl, M., 2003. Climate change at the 4.2 ka BP termination of the Indus valley civilization and Holocene south Asian monsoon variability. Geophysical Research Letters, 30: 1425. DOI:10.1029/2002GL016822.Google Scholar

Staubwasser, M., Weiss, H., 2006. Holocene climate and cultural evolution in late prehistoric–early historic West Asia. Quaternary Research, 66(3): 372–387. DOI:10.1016/j.yqres.2006.09.001.Google Scholar

Steffen, W., Rockström, J., Richardson, K., Lenton, T. M., Folke, C., Liverman, D., Summerhayes, C. P., Barnosky, A. D., Cornell, S. E., Crucifix, M., 2018. Trajectories of the earth system in the anthropocene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(33): 8252–8259. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1810141115.Google Scholar

Stein, M. A., 1942. A survey of ancient sites along the ‘Lost’ Saraswati river. Geographical Journal, 99: 173–182.Google Scholar

Steinke, S., Groeneveld, J., Johnstone, H., Rendle-Bühring, R., 2010. East Asian summer monsoon weakening after 7.5 Ma: Evidence from combined planktonic foraminifera Mg/Ca and δ18O (ODP Site 1146; northern South China Sea). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 289(1–4): 33–43. DOI:10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.02.007.Google Scholar

Stocker, T. F., Qin, D., Plattner, G. -K., Alexander, L. V., Allen, S. K., Bindoff, N. L., Bréon, F. -M., Church, J. A., Cubasch, U., Emori, S., Forster, P., Friedlingstein, P., Gillett, N., Gregory, J. M., Hartmann, D. L., Jansen, E., Kirtman, B., Knutti, R., Kumar, K. K., Lemke, P., Marotzke, J., Masson-Delmotte, V., Meehl, G. A., Mokhov, I. I., Piao, S., Ramaswamy, V., Randall, D., Rhein, M., Rojas, M., Sabine, C., Shindell, D., Talley, L. D., Vaughan, D. G., Xie, S. -P., 2013. Technical summary. In: Stocker, T. F. et al. (eds.), Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY.Google Scholar

Stokes, E., 1975. Agrarian society and the pax britannica in Northern India in the early nineteenth century. Modern Asian Studies, 9(4): 505–528.Google Scholar

Stone, Glenn D., 2002. Both sides now: Fallacies in the genetic‐modification wars, implications for developing countries, and anthropological perspectives. Current Anthropology, 43(4): 611–630. DOI;10.1086/341532.Google Scholar

Stone, G. D., 2019. Commentary: New histories of the Indian green revolution. The Geographical Journal, 185(2): 243–250.Google Scholar

Stone, R., 2008. Three Gorges Dam: Into the unknown. Science, 321(5889): 628–632. 10.1126/science.321.5889.628.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Stott, L., Cannariato, K., Thunell, R., Haug, G. H., Koutavas, A., Lund, S., 2004. Decline of surface temperature and salinity in the western tropical Pacific Ocean in the Holocene epoch. Nature, 431: 56–59.Google Scholar

Stuiver, M., Grootes, P. M., 2000. GISP2 oxygen isotope ratios. Quaternary Research (New York), 53(3): 277–284.Google Scholar

Stuiver, M., Reimer, P. J., 1993. Extended C-14 data-base and revised calib 3.0 C-14 age calibration program. Radiocarbon, 35(1): 215–230.Google Scholar

Subramanian, K., 2015. Revisiting the Green Revolution: Irrigation and food production in twentieth-century India. PhD Thesis, King’s College London, p. 259.Google Scholar

Sugiura, T., Sumida, H., Yokoyama, S., Ono, H., 2012. Overview of recent effects of global warming on agricultural production in Japan. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly: JARQ, 46(1): 7–13. DOI:10.6090/jarq.46.7.Google Scholar

Sun, J., Oey, L., Xu, F. H., Lin, Y. C., 2017. Sea level rise, surface warming, and the weakened buffering ability of South China Sea to strong typhoons in recent decades. Scientific Reports, 7(1): 7418. DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-07572-3.Google Scholar

Sun, X., Wang, P., 2005. How old is the Asian monsoon system? Palaeobotanical records from China. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 222(3–4): 181–222.Google Scholar

Sun, X., Xu, L., Luo, Y., Chen, X., 2000. The vegetation and climate at the last glaciation on the emerged continental shelf of the South China Sea. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 160(2000): 301–316.Google Scholar

Sweeney, M. T., McCouch, S. R., 2007. The complex history of the domestication of rice. Annals of Botany, 100: 951–957.Google Scholar

Syvitski, J. P., Brakenridge, G. R., 2013. Causation and avoidance of catastrophic flooding along the Indus River, Pakistan. GSA Today, 23(1): 4–10.Google Scholar

Syvitski, J. P., Kettner, A. J., Overeem, I., Giosan, L., Brakenridge, G. R., Hannon, M., Bilham, R., 2013. Anthropocene metamorphosis of the Indus Delta and lower floodplain. Anthropocene, 3: 24–35. DOI:10.1016/j.ancene.2014.02.003.Google Scholar

Syvitski, J. P. M., C., V., Kettner, A. J., Green, P., 2005. Impact of humans on the flux of terrestrial sediment to the global coastal ocean. Science, 308: 376–380.Google Scholar

Syvitski, J. P. M., Kettner, A. J., 2011. Sediment flux and the Anthropocene. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series A: Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 369: 957–975. DOI:10.1098/rsta.2010.0329.Google Scholar

Tada, R., Zheng, H., Clift, P. D., 2016. Evolution and variability of the Asian monsoon and its potential linkage with uplift of the Himalaya and Tibetan Plateau. Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, 3(4): 1–26. DOI 10.1186/s40645-016–0080-y.Google Scholar

Tainter, J., A, 1988. The Collapse of Complex Societies. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar

Taiz, L., Zeiger, E., 2002. Plant Physiology. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland MA, 623 pp.Google Scholar

Takata, K., Saito, K., Yasunari, T., 2009. Changes in the Asian monsoon climate during 1700 –1850 induced by preindustrial cultivation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(24): 9586–9589.Google Scholar

Talbot, M., 1990. A review of the palaeohydrological interpretation of carbon and oxygen isotopic ratios in primary lacustrine carbonates. Chemical Geology: Isotope Geoscience Section, 80(4): 261–279.Google Scholar

Tan, L., Cai, Y., Cheng, H., An, Z., Edwards, R. L., 2009. Summer monsoon precipitation variations in central China over the past 750 years derived from a high-resolution absolute-dated stalagmite. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 280(3–4): 432–439.Google Scholar

Tan, L. C., An, Z. S., Cai, Y. J., 2008. The hydrological exhibition of 4.2 ka BP event in China and its global linkages. Geological Reviews, 54: 94–104.Google Scholar

Tan, Z., Huang, C., Pang, J., 2011. Holocene wildfires related to climate and land-use change over the Weihe River Basin, China. Quaternary International, 234: 167–173.Google Scholar

Tao, J. -s., 1976. The Jurchen in Twelfth Century China. University of Washington Press, Seattle.Google Scholar

Tao, S., Eglinton, T. I., Montluçon, D. B., McIntyre, C., Zhao, M., 2015. Pre-aged soil organic carbon as a major component of the Yellow River suspended load: Regional significance and global relevance. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 414: 77–86. DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.01.004.Google Scholar

Tariq, M. A. U. R., van de Giesen, N., 2012. Floods and flood management in Pakistan. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 47–48: 11–20. DOI:10.1016/j.pce.2011.08.014.Google Scholar

Tate, E. L., Farquharson, F. A. K., 2000. Simulating reservoir management under the threat of sedimentation: the case of Tarbela dam on the river Indus. Water Resources Management, 14(3): 191–208. 10.1023/a:1026579230560.Google Scholar

Thomas, E. R., Wolff, E. W., Mulvaney, R., Steffensen, J. P., Johnsen, S. J., Arrowsmith, C., White, J. W. C., Vaughn, B., Popp, T., 2007. The 8.2ka event from Greenland ice cores. Quaternary Science Reviews, 26: 70–81.Google Scholar

Thompson, L. G., Yao, T., Mosley-Thompson, E., Davis, M. E., Henderson, K. A., Lin, P. -N., 2000. A high-resolution millennial record of the South Asian Monsoon from Himalayan ice cores. Science, 289: 1916–1919.Google Scholar

Thornalley, D. J. R., Barker, S., Broecker, W. S., Elderfield, H., McCave, I. N., 2011. The deglacial evolution of North Atlantic deep convection. Science, 331: 202–205.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Tian, X., Matsui, T., Li, S., Yoshimoto, M., Kobayasi, K., Hasegawa, T., 2010. Heat-induced floret sterility of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars under humid and low wind conditionsin the field of Jianghan basin, China. Plant Production Science, 13(3): 243–251. DOI:10.1626/pps.13.243.Google Scholar

Tipple, B. J., Pagani, M., 2010. A 35 Myr North American leaf-wax compound-specific carbon and hydrogen isotope record: Implications for C4 grasslands and hydrologic cycle dynamics. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 299: 250–262. DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.09.006.Google Scholar

Tiwari, M., Ramesh, R., Somayajulu, B. L. K., Jull, A. J. T., Burr2, G. S., 2005. Solar control of southwest monsoon on centennial timescales. Current Science, 89(9): 1583–1588.Google Scholar

Tjallingii, R., Stattegger, K., Stocchi, P., Saito, Y., Wetzel, A., 2014. Rapid flooding of the southern Vietnam shelf during the early to mid-Holocene. Journal of Quaternary Science, 29(6): 581–588. DOI:10.1002/jqs.2731.Google Scholar

Tong, W., 1984. 磁山遗址的原始农业依存及其相关的问题 Cishan Yizhi de Yuanshi Nongye Yicun Jiqi Xianguan de Wenti (The Agricultural Remains from the Site of Cishan and related Problems. Nongye Kaogu, 1984(1): 194–207.Google Scholar

Trentesaux, A., Liu, Z., Colin, C. J. G., Boulay, S., Wang, P., Arnold, E. M., Buehring, C. J., Chen, M. -P., Clift, P. D., Colin, C. J. G., Farrell, J. W., Higginson, M. J., Jian, Z., Kuhnt, W., Laj, C. E., Lauer-Leredde, C., Leventhal, J. S., Li, A., Li, Q., Lin, J., McIntyre, K., Miranda, C. R., Nathan, S. A., Shyu, J. -P., Solheid, P. A., Su, X., Tamburini, F., Trentesaux, A., Wang, L., 2006. Pleistocene paleoclimatic cyclicity of southern China; clay mineral evidence recorded in the South China Sea (ODP Site 1146). Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results (CD-ROM), 184: 10.Google Scholar

Truschke, A., 2017. Aurangzeb: The Life and Legacy of India’s Most Controversial King. Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, CA, p. 152.Google Scholar

Tsuboki, K., Yoshioka, M. K., Shinoda, T., Kato, M., Kanada, S., Kitoh, A., 2015. Future increase of supertyphoon intensity associated with climate change. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(2): 646–652. DOI:10.1002/2014gl061793.Google Scholar

Tu, J. -Y., Chou, C., Chu, P. -S., 2009. The abrupt shift of typhoon activity in the vicinity of Taiwan and its association with Western North Pacific–East Asian climate change. Journal of Climate, 22(13): 3617–3628. DOI:10.1175/2009JCLI2411.1.Google Scholar

Turner, A. G., Annamalai, H., 2012. Climate change and the south Asian summer monsoon. Nature Climate Change, 2: 1–9.Google Scholar

Twitchett, D. C., Fairbank, J. K., Feuerwerker, A., Peterson, W. J., Liuv, K. -C., MacFarquhar, R., 1978. The Cambridge History of China, 1991. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar

Twitchett, D. C., Fairbank, J. K., Franke, H., 1994. The Cambridge History of China: Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 907–1368, 6. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar

Tyndall, J., 1861. On the absorption and radiation of heat by gases and vapours. Philosophical Magazine, Series, 4, 22: 273–285.Google Scholar

UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, 2009. Nepal: OCHA Koshi Flood Response Update 13 May 2009 https://reliefweb.int/report/nepal/nepal-ocha-koshi-flood-response-update-13-may-2009.Google Scholar

Upadhyaya, H. D., Vetriventhan, M., Dwivedi, S. L., Pattanashetti, S. K., Singh, S. K., 2016. 8 – Proso, barnyard, little, and kodo millets. In: Singh, M., Upadhyaya, H. D. (eds.), Genetic and Genomic Resources for Grain Cereals Improvement. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 321–343.Google Scholar

Valdiya, K. S., 2002. Saraswati: The River that Disappeared. 1st. University Press (India) Limited, Hyderabad, India, 116 pp.Google Scholar

Van Buren, M., 1996. Rethinking the vertical archipelago. American Anthropologist, 98(2): 338–351. 10.1525/aa.1996.98.2.02a00100.Google Scholar

Van de Noort, R., 2011. Conceptualizing climate change archaeology. Antiquity, 85: 1039–1048.Google Scholar

Van der Leeuw, S., Redman, C., 2002. Placing archaeology at the center of socionatural studies. American Antiquity, 67(4): 597–605.Google Scholar

van Vliet, M. T. H., Sheffield, J., Wiberg, D., Wood, E. F., 2016. Impacts of recent drought and warm years on water resources and electricity supply worldwide. Environmental Research Letters, 11(12): 124021.Google Scholar

Vanwalleghem, T., Gómez, J., Amate, J. I., de Molina, M. G., Vanderlinden, K., Guzmán, G., Laguna, A., Giráldez, J.V., 2017. Impact of historical land use and soil management change on soil erosion and agricultural sustainability during the Anthropocene. Anthropocene, 17: 13–29.Google Scholar

Vaughan, D., Lu, B. R., Tomooka, N., 2008. The evolving story of rice evolution. Plant Science, 174(2008): 394–408.Google Scholar

Vitousek, S., Barnard, P. L., Fletcher, C. H., Frazer, N., Erikson, L., Storlazzi, C. D., 2017. Doubling of coastal flooding frequency within decades due to sea-level rise. Scientific Reports, 7(1): 1399. DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-01362-7.Google Scholar

von Rad, U., Schaaf, M., Michels, K. H., Schulz, H., Berger, W. H., Sirocko, F., 1999. A 5,000 year record of climate change in varved sediments from the Oxygen Minimum Zone off Pakistan (Northeastern Arabian Sea). Quaternary Research, 51: 39–53.Google Scholar

Wainer, I., Webster, P. J., 1996. Monsoon/El Niño-Southern oscillation relationships in a simple coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 101(C11): 25599–25614. 10.1029/96JC00670.Google Scholar

Walsh, D., 2010. Pakistan Floods: The Indus Delta, The Guardian, London.Google Scholar

Wan, H. L., Huang, C. C., Pang, J. L., 2010a. Holocene extreme floods of the Baoji Gorges of the Weihe River. Quaternary Sciences, 2010(30): 430–440.Google Scholar

Wan, S., Clift, P. D., Li, A., Li, T., Yin, X., 2010b. Geochemical records in the South China Sea: implications for East Asian summer monsoon evolution over the last 20 Ma. In: Clift, P. D., Tada, R., Zheng, H. (eds.), Monsoon Evolution and Tectonics–Climate Linkage in Asia. Special Publication. Geological Society, London, pp.245–263.Google Scholar

Wang, A., Lettenmaier, D. P., Sheffield, J., 2011a. Soil moisture drought in China, 1950–2006. Journal of Climate, 24(13): 3257–3271. DOI:10.1175/2011jcli3733.1.Google Scholar

Wang, B. (ed.), 2006. The Asian Monsoon. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 795 pp.Google Scholar

Wang, B., Ding, Q. H., 2008. Global monsoon: Dominant mode of annual variation in the tropics. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 44: 165–183.Google Scholar

Wang, B., Kim, H. J., Kikuchi, K., Kitoh, A., 2011b. Diagnostic metrics for evaluation of annual and diurnal cycles. Climate Dynamics, 37: 941–955.Google Scholar

Wang, B., Wu, R., Li, T., 2003. Atmosphere–warm ocean interaction and its impacts on Asian–Australian monsoon variation. Journal of Climate, 16(8): 1195–1211. DOI:10.1175/1520-0442(2003)16<195:aoiaii>2.0.co;2.Google Scholar

Wang, B., Xu, S., Wu, L., 2012a. Intensified Arabian sea tropical storms. Nature, 489: E1. DOI:10.1038/nature11470.Google Scholar

Wang, E., Kirby, E., Furlong, K. P., Soest, M. v., Xu, G., Shi, X., Kamp, P. J. J., Hodges, K. V., 2012b. Two-phase growth of high topography in eastern Tibet during the Cenozoic. Nature Geoscience, 5: 640–645. DOI:10.1038/ngeo1538.Google Scholar

Wang, G., Su, J., Ding, Y., Chen, D., 2007a. Tropical cyclone genesis over the South China Sea. Journal of Marine Systems, 68(3): 318–326. DOI:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2006.12.002.Google Scholar

Wang, H., Yang, Z., Saito, Y., Liu, J.P., Sun, X., Wang, Y., 2007b. Stepwise decreases of the Huanghe (Yellow River) sediment load (1950–2005): Impacts of climate change and human activities. Global and Planetary Change, 57(3): 331–354. DOI:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.01.003.Google Scholar

Wang, J., 1978. Xiachun Wenhua (The Xiachuan Culture). Kaogu Xuebao, 3: 259–288.Google Scholar

Wang, L., Chen, W., 2014. A CMIP5 multimodel projection of future temperature, precipitation, and climatological drought in China. International Journal of Climatology, 34(6): 2059–2078. DOI:10.1002/joc.3822.Google Scholar

Wang, Q. -S., Pan, C. -H., Zhang, G. -Z., 2018. Impact of and adaptation strategies for sea-level rise on Yangtze River Delta. Advances in Climate Change Research, 9(2): 154–160. DOI:10.1016/j.accre.2018.05.005.Google Scholar

Wang, R., Wu, L., Wang, C., 2011c. Typhoon track changes associated with global warming. Journal of Climate, 24: 3748–3752. DOI:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00074.1.Google Scholar

Wang, S., Fu, B., Piao, S., Lü, Y., Ciais, P., Feng, X., Wang, Y., 2015. Reduced sediment transport in the Yellow River due to anthropogenic changes. Nature Geoscience, 9: 38. DOI:10.1038/ngeo2602.Google Scholar

Wang, S. S. Y., Kim, H., Coumou, D., Yoon, J. -H., Zhao, L., Gillies, R. R., 2019. Consecutive extreme flooding and heat wave in Japan: Are they becoming a norm? Atmospheric Science Letters, 20(10): e933. DOI:10.1002/asl.933.Google Scholar

Wang, Y., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., He, Y., Kong, X., An, Z., Wu, J., Kelly, M. J., Dykoski, C. A., Li, X. D., 2005. The Holocene Asian monsoon; links to solar changes and North Atlantic climate. Science, 308: 854–857.Google Scholar

Wang, Y., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Kong, X., Shao, X., Chen, S., Wu, J., Jiang, X., Wang, X., An, Z., 2008. Millennial- and orbital-scale changes in the East Asian monsoon over the past 224,000 years. Nature, 451: 1090–1093. DOI:10.1038/nature06692.Google Scholar

Wang, Y., Wan, Q., Meng, W., Liao, F., Tan, H., Zhang, R., 2011d. Long-term impacts of aerosols on precipitation and lightning over the Pearl River Delta megacity area in China. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 11: 12421–12436. DOI:10.5194/acp-11-12421-2011.Google Scholar

Wang, Y. J., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., An, Z. S., Wu, J. Y., Shen, C. -C., Dorale, J. A., 2001. A high-resolution absolute-dated late Pleistocene Monsoon record from Hulu Cave, China. Science, 294: 2345–2348.Google Scholar

Wang, Z., Zhan, Q., Long, H., Saito, Y., Gao, X., Wu, X., Li, L. I. N., Zhao, Y., 2013. Early to mid-Holocene rapid sea-level rise and coastal response on the southern Yangtze delta plain, China. Journal of Quaternary Science, 28(7): 659–672. 10.1002/jqs.2662.Google Scholar

Wanner, H., Beer, J., Bütikofer, J., Crowley, T. J., Cubasch, U., Flückiger, J., Goosse, H., Grosjean, M., Joos, F., Kaplan, J. O., 2008. Mid-to late holocene climate change: an overview. Quaternary Science Reviews, 27(19–20): 1791–1828.Google Scholar

Wasson, R. J., Smith, G. I., Agrawal, D. P., 1984. Late quaternary sediments, minerals, and inferred geochemical history of Didwana lake, Thar desert India. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 46: 345–372.Google Scholar

Weaver, A. J., Saenko, O. A., Clark, P. U., Mitrovica, J. X., 2003. Meltwater pulse 1 A from Antarctica as a trigger of the Bølling-Allerød warm interval. Science, 299: 1709–1713.Google Scholar

Weber, S., 1998. Out of Africa: the initial impact of millets in South Asia. Current Anthropology, 39(2): 267–274. 10.1086/204725.Google Scholar

Weber, S., 1999. Seeds of urbanism: palaeoethnobotany and the Indus Civilization. Antiquity, 73: 813–826.Google Scholar

Weber, S., 2003. Archaeobotany at Harappa: Indications for Change. In: Weber, S., Belcher, B. (eds.), Indus Ethnobiology: New Perspectives from the Field, Lexington Books, Lanham, MD, pp.175–198.Google Scholar

Weber, S., Kashyap, A., Harriman, D., 2010a. Does size matter: the role and significance of cereal grains in the Indus civilization. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2: 35–43.Google Scholar

Weber, S., Lehman, H., Barela, T., Hawks, S., Harriman, D., 2010b. Rice or millets: Early farming strategies in prehistoric central Thailand. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2(2): 79–88.Google Scholar

Weber, S. A., 1989. Plants and harappan Subsistence: An Example of Stability and Change from Rojdi. PhD Thesis, University of Pennsylvania.Google Scholar

Weber, S. A., Barela, T., Lehman, H., 2010c. Ecological continuity: An explanation for agricultural diversity in the Indus Civilization and beyond. Man and Environment, 35(1): 62–75.Google Scholar

Webster, P. J., 1987. The elementary monsoon. In: Fein, J. S., Stephens, P. L. (eds.), Monsoons. John Wiley, New York, pp. 3–32.Google Scholar

Webster, P. J., Magana, V. O., Palmer, T. N., Shukla, J., R. A., Tomas, M., Yanai, Y., Yasunari, T., 1998. Monsoons: Processes, predictability, and the prospects for prediction, in the TOGA decade. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103: 14,451–14,510.Google Scholar

Wei, K. Y., Lee, M. Y., Duan, W. W., Chen, C. Y., Wang, C. H., 1998. Palaeoceanographic change in the northeastern South China Sea during the last 15,000 years. Journal of Quaternary Science, 13: 55–64.Google Scholar

Weinkle, J., Maue, R., Pielke, R., 2012. Historical global tropical cyclone landfalls. Journal of Climate, 25(13): 4729–4735. 10.1175/JCLI-D-11–00719.1.Google Scholar

Weisman, S. R., 1987. India’s Drought Is Worst in Decades, New York Times, New York, pp. 1001016.Google Scholar

Weisskopf, A., 2018. Elusive wild foods in South East Asian subsistence: Modern ethnography and archaeological phytoliths. Quaternary International, 489: 80–90. DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2016.09.028.Google Scholar

Wells, N. A., Dorr, J. A., 1987. Shifting of the Kosi River, northern India. Geology, 15(3): 204–207. 10.1130/0091–7613(1987)15<204:sotkrn>2.0.CO;2.Google Scholar

Wen, X., Bai, S., Na, Z., Chamberlain, C. P., Wang, C., Huang, C., Zhang, Q., 2012. Interruptions of the ancient shu civilization: Triggered by climate change or natural disaster? International Journal of Earth Sciences: 1–15.Google Scholar

Wescoat, J. L., Halvorson, S. J., Mustafa, D., 2000. Water management in the Indus basin of Pakistan: A half-century perspective. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 16(3): 391–406. 10.1080/713672507.Google Scholar

West, A. J., Galy, A., Bickle, M. J., 2005. Tectonic and climatic controls on silicate weathering. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 235: 211–228. DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.03.020.Google Scholar

West, B. J., Han, W., Li, Y., 2018. The role of Oceanic processes in the initiation of Indian summer monsoon intraseasonal oscillations over the Indian Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 123(5): 3685–3704. DOI:10.1029/2017jc013564.Google Scholar

White, S., 2005. Sediment yield prediction and modelling. Hydrological Processes, 19(15): 3053–3057. 10.1002/hyp.6003.Google Scholar

Wiersma, A., Roche, D., Renssen, H., 2011. Fingerprinting the 8.2 ka event climate response in a coupled climate model. Journal of Quaternary Science, 26: 118–127.Google Scholar

Wilks, D. S., 1995. Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences, 59. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA, p. 467.Google Scholar

Williams, A., 2008. Turning the tide: Recognizing climate change refugees in International Law. Law & Policy, 30(4): 502–529. DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.2008.00290.x.Google Scholar

Willmott, W. E., 1989. Dujiangyan: Irrigation and society in Sichuan, China. The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, 22: 143–153. 10.2307/2158849.Google Scholar

Wilson, E., 1911. The use of maize. Agricultural Journal of the Union of South Africa, 1(4): 386.Google Scholar

Wilson, H. H., 1868. The Vishnu Purana: A System of Hindu Mythology and Tradition, 9. Trübner & co., London, p. 342.Google Scholar

Wilson, R., Anchukaitis, K., Briffa, K. R., Büntgen, U., Cook, E., D’Arrigo, R., Davi, N., Esper, J., Frank, D., Gunnarson, B., Hegerl, G., Helama, S., Klesse, S., Krusic, P. J., Linderholm, H. W., Myglan, V., Osborn, T. J., Rydval, M., Schneider, L., Schurer, A., Wiles, G., Zhang, P., Zorita, E., 2016. Last millennium northern hemisphere summer temperatures from tree rings: Part I: The long term context. Quaternary Science Reviews, 134: 1–18. DOI:10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.12.005.Google Scholar

Wing, S. L., Greenwood, D. R., Allen, J. R. L., Hoskins, B. J., Sellwood, B. W., Spicer, R. A., Valdes, P. J., 1993. Fossils and fossil climate: the case for equable continental interiors in the Eocene. Philosophical transactions of the royal society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 341(1297): 243–252. DOI:10.1098/rstb.1993.0109.Google Scholar

Wright, R., 2010. The Ancient Indus: Urbanism, Economy and Society. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar

Wright, R. P., Bryson, R. A., Schuldenrein, J., 2008. Water supply and history: Harappa and the Beas regional survey. Antiquity, 82: 37–48.Google Scholar

Wu, L., Wang, B., Geng, S., 2005. Growing typhoon influence on east Asia. Geophysical Research Letters, 32(L18703). DOI:10.1029/2005GL022937.Google Scholar

Wu, L., Zong, H., Liang, J., 2012a. Observational Analysis of Tropical Cyclone Formation Associated with Monsoon Gyres. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 70(4): 1023–1034. DOI:10.1175/JAS-D-12-0117.1.Google Scholar

Wu, Q., Zhao, Z., Liu, L., Granger, D. E., Wang, H., Cohen, D. J., Wu, X., Ye, M., Bar-Yosef, O., Lu, B., Zhang, J., Zhang, P., Yuan, D., Qi, W., Cai, L., Bai, S., 2016a. Outburst flood at 1920 BCE supports historicity of China’s Great Flood and the Xia dynasty. Science, 353(6299): 579.Google Scholar

Wu, W., Liu, T., 2004. Possible role of the ‘‘Holocene Event 3’’ on the collapse of Neolithic Cultures around the Central Plain of China. Quarternary International, 117(2004): 153–166.Google Scholar

Wu, X., Menzel, W. P., Wade, G. S., 1999. Estimation of sea surface temperatures using GOES-8/9 radiance measurements. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 80(6): 1127–1138.Google Scholar

Wu, X., Zhang, C., Goldberg, P., Cohen, D., Pan, Y., Arpin, T., Bar-Yosef, O., 2012b. Early Pottery at 20,000 Years Ago in Xianrendong Cave, China. Science, 336(6089): 1696–1700. DOI;10.1126/science.1218643.Google Scholar

Wu, Y., Wu, S. -Y., Wen, J., Tagle, F., Xu, M., Tan, J., 2016b. Future Changes in Mean and Extreme Monsoon Precipitation in the Middle and Lower Yangtze River Basin, China, in the CMIP5 Models. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 17(11): 2785–2797. DOI:10.1175/JHM-D-16-0033.1.Google Scholar

Wu, Z., Li, J., Jiang, Z., He, J., Zhu, X., 2012c. Possible effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation on the strengthening relationship between the East Asian summer monsoon and ENSO. International Journal of Climatology, 32(5): 794–800.Google Scholar

Wuchter, C., Schouten, S., Coolen, M. J. L., Sinninghe Damsté, J. S., 2004. Temperature-dependent variation in the distribution of tetraether membrane lipids of marine Crenarchaeota: Implications for TEX86 paleothermometry. Paleoceanography, 19(4). DOI:10.1029/2004PA001041.Google Scholar

Wünnemann, B., Demske, D., Tarasov, P., Kotlia, B. S., Reinhardt, C., Bloemendal, J., Diekmann, B., Hartmann, K., Krois, J., Riedel, F., Arya, N., 2010. Hydrological evolution during the last 15 kyr in the Tso Kar lake basin (Ladakh, India), derived from geomorphological, sedimentological and palynological records. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29: 1138–1155.Google Scholar

Xie, J., Hu, L., Tang, J., Wu, X., Li, N., Yuan, Y., Yang, H., Zhang, J., Luo, S., Chen, X., 2011. Ecological mechanisms underlying the sustainability of the agricultural heritage rice–fish coculture system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(50): E1381–E1387.Google Scholar

Xie, P., Arkin, P. A., 1997. Global precipitation: A 17-year monthly analysis based on gauge observations, satellite esti- mates and numerical model outputs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 78: 2539–2558.Google Scholar

Xu, J., 2018. A cave δ18O based 1800-year reconstruction of sediment load and streamflow: The Yellow River source area. CATENA, 161: 137–147. DOI:10.1016/j.catena.2017.09.028.Google Scholar

Xu, K., Milliman, J. D., 2009. Seasonal variations of sediment discharge from the Yangtze River before and after impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam. Geomorphology, 104(3): 276–283. DOI:10.1016/j.geomorph.2008.09.004.Google Scholar

Xu, Q., 2001. Abrupt change of the mid-summer climate in central east China by the influence of atmospheric pollution. Atmospheric Environment, 35(30): 5029–5040. DOI:10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00315-6.Google Scholar

Xue, Y., 2010. 云南剑川海门口遗址植物遗存初步研究Yunnan Jianchuan Haimenkou Yizhi Zhiwu Yicun Chubu Yanjiu (A Preliminary Investigation on the Archaeobotanical Material from the Site of Haimenkou in Jianchuan County, Yunnan). MA Thesis, Peking University.Google Scholar

Yan, W., 1984. Lun Zhongguo de tongshi bingyong de dai. Shiqian yanjiu, 1: 36–44.Google Scholar

Yancheva, G., Nowaczyk, N. R., Mingram, J., Dulski, P., Schettler, G., Negendank, J. F. W., Liu, J., Sigman, D. M., Peterson, L. C., Haug, G. H., 2007. Influence of the intertropical convergence zone on the East Asian monsoon. Nature, 445: 74–77. DOI:10.1038/nature05431.Google Scholar

Yang, B., Shi, Y., Braeuning, A., 2004. Evidence for a warm humid climate in arid northwestern China during 40–30 ka BP. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23: 2537–2548.Google Scholar

Yang, J., 2012. Tombstone: The Great Chinese Famine, 1958–1962. Macmillan, New York, p. 629.Google Scholar

Yang, S., Ding, Z., Li, Y., Wang, X., Jiang, W., Huang, X., 2015a. Warming-induced northwestward migration of the East Asian monsoon rain belt from the Last Glacial Maximum to the mid-Holocene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(43): 13178–13183.Google Scholar

Yang, S.L., Li, M., Dai, S.B., Liu, Z., Zhang, J., Ding, P. X., 2006a. Drastic decrease in sediment supply from the Yangtze River and its challenge to coastal wetland management. Geophysical Research Letters, 33(L06408). DOI:10.1029/2005GL025507.Google Scholar

Yang, S. L., Xu, K. H., Milliman, J. D., Yang, H. F., Wu, C. S., 2015b. Decline of Yangtze River water and sediment discharge: Impact from natural and anthropogenic changes. Scientific Reports, 5: 12581. DOI:10.1038/srep12581.Google Scholar

Yang, X., Ma, Z., Li, J., Yu, J., Stevens, C., Zhuang, Y., 2015c. Comparing subsistence strategies in different landscapes of North China 10,000 years ago. The Holocene, 25(12): 1957–1964. DOI:10.1177/0959683615596833.Google Scholar

Yang, X., Wang, W., Zhuang, Y., Li, Z., Ma, Z., Ma, Y., Cui, Y., Wei, J., Fuller, D. Q., 2016. New radiocarbon evidence on early rice consumption and farming in South China. The Holocene, 27(7): 1045–1051. DOI:10.1177/0959683616678465.Google Scholar

Yang, X., Zhou, L., Zhao, C., Yang, J., 2018. Impact of aerosols on tropical cyclone-induced precipitation over the mainland of China. Climatic Change, 148(1): 173–185. DOI:10.1007/s10584-018-2175-5.Google Scholar

Yang, Z. -S., Wang, H. -J., Saito, Y., Milliman, J., Xu, K., Qiao, S., Shi, G., 2006b. Dam impacts on the Changjiang (Yangtze) river sediment discharge to the sea: The past 55 years and after the three Gorges dam. Water Resources Research, 42(4): W04407. DOI:10.1029/2005WR003970.Google Scholar

Yao, T., Thompson, L., Yang, W., Yu, W., Gao, Y., Guo, X., Yang, X., Duan, K., Zhao, H., Xu, B., 2012. Different glacier status with atmospheric circulations in Tibetan Plateau and surroundings. Nature Climate Change, 2(9): 663.Google Scholar

Yasuda, Y., 2002. Origins of pottery and agriculture in East Asia. In: Yasuda, Y. (ed.), The Origins of Pottery and Agriculture. International Research Center for Japanese Studies, Kyoto, pp. 119–142.Google Scholar

Yasuda, Y., Fujiki, T., Nasu, H., Kato, M., Morita, Y., Mori, Y., Kanehara, M., Toyama, S., Yano, A., Okuno, M., Jiejun, H., Ishihara, S., Kitagawa, H., Fukusawa, H., Naruse, T., 2004. Environmental archaeology at the Chengtoushan site, Hunan Province, China, and implications for environmental change and the rise and fall of the Yangtze river civilization. Quaternary International, 123–125: 149–158. DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2004.02.016.Google Scholar

Ye, D., 1981. Some characteristics of the summer circulation over the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) plateau and its neighborhood. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 62(1): 14–19. 10.1175/1520–0477(1981)062<0014:scotsc>2.0.Co;2.Google Scholar

Ye, Q. C., 1989. Landforms system of the great plain of North China and its tendency of environmental evolution. Geographical Research, 8(3): 10–20.Google Scholar

Yi, M., Barton, L., Morgan, C., Liu, D., Chen, F., Zhang, Y., Pei, S., Guan, Y., Wang, H., Gao, X., Bettinger, R. L., 2013. Microblade technology and the rise of serial specialists in North-Central China. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 32(2013): 212–223.Google Scholar

Yihui, D., 1992. Effects of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) plateau on the circulation features over the plateau and its surrounding areas. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 9(1): 112–130. 10.1007/bf02656935.Google Scholar

Yin, H., Li, C., 2001a. Human impact on floods and flood disasters on the Yangtze River. Geomorphology, 41(2): 105–109. DOI:10.1016/S0169-555X(01)00108-8.Google Scholar

Yin, H., Li, C., 2001b. Human impact on floods and flood disasters on the Yangtze River. Geomorphology, 41(2–3): 105–109. DOI:10.1016/S0169-555X(01)00108-8.Google Scholar

Yin, Y., Ma, D., Wu, S., Pan, T., 2015. Projections of aridity and its regional variability over China in the mid-21st century. International Journal of Climatology, 35(14): 4387–4398. DOI:10.1002/joc.4295.Google Scholar

Yokoyama, Y., Naruse, T., Ogawa, N.O., Tada, R., Kitazato, H., Ohkouchi, N., 2006. Dust influx reconstruction during the last 26,000 years inferred from a sedimentary leaf wax record from the Japan Sea. Global and Planetary Change, 54(3–4): 239–250.Google Scholar

Yoshida, S., 1981. Fundamentals of Rice Crop Science. In: IRRI (Editor). IRRI, Los Banos, Phillipines.Google Scholar

You, Y., 2019. Climate Change, Agriculture and Human Adaptation at the Indus site of Harappa. Masters Thesis, Washington State University.Google Scholar

Yu, F., Chen, Z., Ren, X., Yang, G., 2009a. Analysis of historical floods on the Yangtze River, China: Characteristics and explanations. Geomorphology, 113: 210–216. DOI:10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.03.008.Google Scholar

Yu, F., Chen, Z., Ren, X., Yang, G., 2009b. Analysis of historical floods on the Yangtze River, China: Characteristics and explanations. Geomorphology, 113(3): 210–216. DOI:10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.03.008.Google Scholar

Yu, G., Chen, X., Ni, J., Cheddadi, R., Guiot, J., Han, H., Harrison, S. P., Huang, C., Ke, M., Kong, Z., Li, S., Li, W., Liew, P., Liu, G., Liu, J., Liu, K. -B., Prentice, I. C., Qui, W., Ren, G., Song, C., Sugita, S., Sun, X., Tang, L., van Campo, E., Xia, Y., Xu, Q., Yan, S., Yang, X., Zhao, J., Zheng, Z., 2000. Palaeovegetation of China: a pollen data-based synthesis for the mid-Holocene and last glacial maximum. Journal of Biogeography, 27: 635–664.Google Scholar

Yu, R., Wang, B., Zhou, T., 2004. Tropospheric cooling and summer monsoon weakening trend over East Asia. Geophysical Research Letters, 31(22): L22212. DOI:10.1029/2004gl021270.Google Scholar

Yu, X., 2005. Da Yuejin Kurezi. Shidai Chaoliu Chubanshe, Hong Kong, 124 pp.Google Scholar

Yun, K. S., Timmermann, A., 2018. Decadal monsoon‐ENSO relationships reexamined. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(4): 2014–2021.Google Scholar

Zawahri, N. A., 2009. India, Pakistan and cooperation along the Indus River system. Water Policy, 11(1): 1–20. 10.2166/wp.2009.010.CrossRef Google Scholar

Zeder, M. A., 2015. Core questions in domestication research. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(11): 3191–3198.Google Scholar

Zeebe, R. E., Ridgwell, A., Zachos, J. C., 2016. Anthropogenic carbon release rate unprecedented during the past 66 million years. Nature Geoscience, 9(4): 325.Google Scholar

Zeng, X., 1998. 中国历史上的黄穋稻 Zhonguo Lishi Shang Huangludao (Huang Lu Rice in Chinese History). Nongye Kaogu, 1998(1): 292–307.Google Scholar

Zhang, C., Hung, H. -c., 2010. The emergence of agriculture in southern China. Antiquity, 84: 11–25.Google Scholar

Zhang, C., Hung, H. -c., 2012. Later hunter-gatherers in southern China 18000–3000 BC. Antiquity, 86(331): 11–29.Google Scholar

Zhang, C., Hung, H. -c., 2013. Jiahu 1: earliest farmers beyond the Yangtze. Antiquity, 87(2013): 46–63.Google Scholar

Zhang, D., Cervantes, J., Huamán, Z., Carey, E., Ghislain, M., 2000. Assessing genetic diversity of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cultivars from tropical America using AFLP. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 47(6): 659–665. DOI:10.1023/a:1026520507223.Google Scholar

Zhang, L., Li, J., Wei, G., Liao, W., Wang, Q., Xiang, C., 2017. Analysis of the relationship between water level fluctuation and seismicity in the Three Gorges Reservoir (China). Geodesy and Geodynamics, 8(2): 96–102. DOI:10.1016/j.geog.2017.02.004.Google Scholar

Zhang, L., Wang, Q., Liu, Q., 2009. Sweet potato in China. In: Loebenstein, G., Thottappilly, G. (eds.), The Sweet Potato. Springer, Dortrecht, pp.325–358.Google Scholar

Zhang, P., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Chen, F., Wang, Y., Yang, X., Liu, J., Tan, M., Wang, X., Liu, J., An, C., Dai, Z., Zhou, J., Zhang, D., Jia, J., Jin, L., Johnson, K. R., 2008. A test of climate, sun, and culture relationships from an 1810-year Chinese cave record. Science, 322: 940–942. DOI:10.1126/science.1163965.Google Scholar

Zhang, R., Delworth, T. L., 2006. Impact of Atlantic multidecadal oscillations on India/Sahel rainfall and Atlantic hurricanes. Geophysical Research Letters, 33(L17712). DOI:10.1029/2006GL026267.Google Scholar

Zhang, S., Yi, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, X., 2013. Hydraulic principles of the 2,268-year-old Dujiangyan project in China. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 139(5): 538–546. DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000675.Google Scholar

Zhang, W., Yuan, J., 1998. A preliminary study of ancient excavated rice from Yuchanyan site, Dao County, Hunan Province. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 24(4): 416–420.Google Scholar

Zhang, X., Wang, J., 2003. 古人类食物结构研究 Gurenlei Shiwu Jiegou Yanjiu (Study on the Diet of ancient populations). 考古 Kaogu (Archaeology), 2003(2): 158–171.Google Scholar

Zhang, X., Zhong, S., Wu, Z., Li, Y., 2018a. Seasonal prediction of the typhoon genesis frequency over the Western North Pacific with a Poisson regression model. Climate Dynamics, 51(11): 4585–4600. DOI:10.1007/s00382-017-3654-5.Google Scholar

Zhang, X., Zhou, A., Zhang, C., Hao, S., Zhao, Y., An, C., 2016a. High-resolution records of climate change in arid eastern central Asia during MIS 3 (51 600–25 300 cal a BP) from Wulungu Lake, north-western China. Journal of Quaternary Science, 31(6): 577–586. DOI:10.1002/jqs.2881.Google Scholar

Zhang, Y. G., Zheng, W. J., Wang, Y. J., Zhang, D. L., Tian, Y. T., Wang, M., Zhang, Z. Q., Zhang, P. Z., 2018b. Contemporary deformation of the North China plain from global positioning system data. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(4): 1851–1859. DOI:10.1002/2017gl076599.Google Scholar

Zhang, Z., Jin, Q., Chen, X., Xu, C. -Y., Jiang, S., 2016. On the linkage between the extreme drought and pluvial patterns in China and the large-scale atmospheric circulation. Advances in Meteorology, 2016: 8010638. DOI:10.1155/2016/8010638.Google Scholar

Zhang, Z., Wang, H., Guo, Z., Jiang, D., 2007. What triggers the transition of palaeoenvironmental patterns in China, the Tibetan Plateau uplift or the Paratethys Sea retreat? Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 245: 317–331.Google Scholar

Zhang, Z., Zhao, M., Eglinton, G., Lu, H., Huang, C. -Y., 2006. Leaf wax lipids as paleovegetational and paleoenvironmental proxies for the Chinese Loess Plateau over the last 170 kyr. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25(5–6): 575–594.Google Scholar

Zhao, J., An, C. -B., Huang, Y., Morrill, C., Chen, F. -H., 2017a. Contrasting early Holocene temperature variations between monsoonal East Asia and westerly dominated Central Asia. Quaternary Science Reviews, 178: 14–23.Google Scholar

Zhao, K., Tung, C. -W., Eizenga, G. C., Wright, M. H., Ali, M. L., Price, A. H., Norton, G. J., Islam, M. R., Reynolds, A., Mezey, J., McClung, A. M., Bustamante, C. D., McCouch, S. R., 2011. Genome-wide association mapping reveals a rich genetic architecture of complex traits in Oryza sativa. Nature Communications, 2: 467.Google Scholar

Zhao, S., Chang, L., 1999. 论两汉时代冬小麦在我国北方的推广普及 Lun Lianghan Shidai Dong Xiaomai Zai Wo Guo Beifang Tuiguang Puji (A Discussion on Han Dynasty Winter Wheat in our Country and its Distribution in Northern China). Zhongguo Lishi Dili Luncong, 1999(2): 37–46.Google Scholar

Zhao, Y., An, C. -B., Duan, F., Zhao, J., Mao, L., Zhou, A., Cao, Z., Chen, F., 2017b. Consistent vegetation and climate deterioration from early to late MIS3 revealed by multi-proxies (mainly pollen data) in north-west China. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 244: 43–53. DOI:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2017.04.010.Google Scholar

Zhao, Y., Yu, Z., Herzschuh, U., Yang, B., Zhao, H., Fang, K., Li, H., Li, Q., 2014. Vegetation and climate change during marine isotope stage 3 in China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 59(33): 4444–4455.Google Scholar

Zhao, Z., 1998. The middle Yangtze region in China is one place where rice was domesticated: Phytolith evidence from the diaotonghuan cave, Northern Jiangxi. Antiquity, 72(278): 885–897.Google Scholar

Zhao, Z., 2003. 浮选与植碳化植物依存的研究 Fuxuan Yu Tanhua Zhiwu Yicun de Yanjiu (Flotation and Carbonized Plant remains). In: Yanjiusuo, Zhongguo Shehui Kexueyuan Kaogu, Gongzuodui, Guangzi Zhuangzu Zizhiqu Wenwu, Bowuguan, Guilin Zengpiyan Yizhi, Gongzuodui, Guilin Shi Wenwu (eds.), 桂林甑皮岩 Guilin Zengpiyan (The site of Zengpiyan in Guilin). Wenwu Chubanshe, Beijing, pp. 93–97.Google Scholar

Zhao, Z., 2005. 从兴隆沟遗址浮选结果谈中国北方旱作农业起源问题 Cong Xinglonggou Yizhi fuxuan jieguo tan Zhongguo Beifang Zaozuo Nongye Qiyuan Wenti(Discussion on Chinese dry crop agriculture from flotation results in Xinglonggou Site). In: Wang, R., Tang, H. (eds.), 东亚古物 Dongya Guwu (Antiquities of Eastern Asia). Wenwu Chubanshe Beijing, pp. 188–199.Google Scholar

Zhao, Z., Zhang, J., 2009. 贾湖遗址2001年度浮选结果分析报告 Jiahu Yizhi 2001 Niandu Fuxuan Jieguo Fenxi Baogao (Report on the Analysis of the Results of the 2001 Floatation of the Jiahu Site). Kaogu, 2009(8): 84–93.Google Scholar

Zhejiang Sheng Kaogu Yanjiusuo, 2004. 浙江跨湖桥 Zhejiang Kuahuqiao (The Site of Kuahuqiao in Zhejiang). Wenwu Chubanshe, Beijing.Google Scholar

Zhen, J., 2000. Rice-wheat cropping system in China. In: Hobbs, P. R., Gupta, R. K. (eds.), Soil and crop management practices for enhanced productivity of the rice-wheat cropping system in the Sichuan province of China. Rice-Wheat Consortium Paper Series. Rice-Wheat Consortium for the Indo-Gangetic Plains, New Delhi, India, pp. 1–10.Google Scholar

Zheng, H., Clift, P. D., Tada, R., Jia, J. T., He, M. Y., Wang, P., 2013. A Pre-Miocene birth to the Yangtze River. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: 1–6. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1216241110.Google Scholar

Zheng, H., Wei, X., Tada, R., Clift, P. D., Wang, B., Jourdan, F., Wang, P., He, M., 2015. Late oligocene–early miocene birth of the Taklimakan Desert. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(19): 7556–7561. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1424487112.Google Scholar

Zheng, J., Hao, Z., Ge, Q., 2005. Variation of precipitation for the last 300 years over the middle and lower reaches of the yellow river. Science in China Series D- Earth Science, 48: 2182. DOI:10.1360/03yd0392.Google Scholar

Zheng, J., Wang, W. -C., Ge, Q., Man, Z., Zhang, P., 2006. Precipitation variability and extreme events in Eastern China during the past 1500 years. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 17(3): 579–592.Google Scholar

Zheng, Z., Lei, Z. Q., 1999. A 400,000 year record of vegetaitonal and climatic changes from a volcanic basin, Leizhou Peininsula, Southern China. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol, 145: 339–362.Google Scholar

Zhongguo Shehui Kexueyuan Kaoguyanjiusuo, 2003. 桂林甑皮岩 Guilin Zengpiyan (The site of Zengpiyan in Guilin Province). Wenwu Chubanshe, Beijing.Google Scholar

Zhongyuan, C., Stanley, D. J., 1998. Sea-level rise on Eastern China’s Yangtze Delta. Journal of Coastal Research, 14(1): 360–366.Google Scholar

Zhou, T., Bronnimann, S., Griesser, T., Fischer, A. M., Zou, L., 2010. A reconstructed dynamic Indian monsoon index extended back to 1880. Climate Dynamics, 34: 573–585. DOI 10.1007/s00382-009–0552-5.Google Scholar

Zhou, T. J., Zhang, L. X., Li, H. M., 2008. Changes in global land monsoon area and total rainfall accumulation over the last half century. Geophysical Research Letters, 35(16): L16707. DOI:10.1029/2008GL034881.Google Scholar

Zhou, W., Lu, X., Wu, Z., Deng, L., Jull, A. J. T., Donahue, D., Beck, W., 2002. Peat record reflecting Holocene climatic change in the Zoige Plateau and AMS radiocarbon dating. Chinese Science Bulletin, 47(1): 66–70.Google Scholar

Zhou, Y., Jeppesen, E., Li, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., Li, X., 2016. Impacts of three gorges reservoir on the sedimentation regimes in the downstream-linked two largest Chinese freshwater lakes. Scientific Reports, 6: 35396. DOI:10.1038/srep35396.Google Scholar

Zhu, C., Zheng, C., Ma, C., Yang, X., Gao, X., Wang, H., Shao, J., 2003. On the Holocene sea-level highstand along the Yangtze delta and Ningshao plain, east China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 48(24): 2672–2683.Google Scholar

Zhu, S., Ge, F., Sein, D., Remedio, A., Sielmann, F., Fraedrich, K., Zhi, X., 2019. Projected changes in surface air temperature over the Indochina Peninsula from the regionally coupled model ROM. Geophysical Research Abstracts, 21: EGU2019–3848.Google Scholar

Zhu, X. F., Huang, C. C., Pang, J. L., 2010. Palaeo-hydrological studies of the Holocene extreme floods in the Tianshui Gorges of the Weihe River. Progress in Geography, 2010(29): 840–846.Google Scholar

Zhuang, C., 2009. 雞肋編 / 莊季裕撰 Ji le bian / Zhuang Jiyu zhuan (The 12th Century Ji le Bian). Beijing Tushuguan Chubanshe, Beijing.Google Scholar

Zhuang, Y., Kidder, T. R., 2014. Archaeology of the anthropocene in the yellow river region, China, 8000–2000 cal. BP. The Holocene, 24(11): 1602–1623. DOI:10.1177/0959683614544058.Google Scholar

Zohary, D., Hopf, M., Weiss, E., 2012. Domestication of Plants in the Old World:The origin and spread of domesticated plants in Southwest Asia, Europe, and the Mediterranean Basin. Oxford University Press on Demand, Oxford.Google Scholar

Zong, Y., 2004. Mid-Holocene sea-level highstand along the Southeast Coast of China. Quaternary International, 117(1): 55–67. DOI:10.1016/S1040-6182(03)00116-2.Google Scholar

Zong, Y., Chen, X., 2000. The 1998 Flood on the Yangtze, China. Natural Hazards, 22(2): 165–184. 10.1023/a:1008119805106.Google Scholar

Zong, Y., Chen, Z., Innes, J.B., Chen, C., Wang, Z., Wang, H., 2007. Fire and flood management of coastal swamp enabled first rice paddy cultivation in East China. Nature, 449(7161): 459–462.Google Scholar

Zuo, X., Lu, H., Jiang, L., Zhang, J., Yang, X., Huan, X., He, K., Wang, C., Wu, N., 2017. Dating rice remains through phytolith carbon-14 study reveals domestication at the beginning of the Holocene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(25): 6486–6491.Google Scholar

Book contents

References

Summary

Access options

References

Save book to Kindle

Save book to Dropbox

Save book to Google Drive