Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-22dnz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-27T04:04:32.824Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Bibliography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2021

Shivaji Mukherjee
Affiliation:
University of Toronto
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Colonial Institutions and Civil War
Indirect Rule and Maoist Insurgency in India
, pp. 363 - 380
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Primary Sources

Acemoglu, Daron, Johnson, Simon, and Robinson, James. 2001. “The Colonial Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical Investigation.” American Economic Review 91 (5): 1369–401.Google Scholar
Acemoglu, Daron, Chaves, Isaias, Osafo-Kwaako, Philip, and Robinson, James. October 2013. “Indirect Rule and State Weakness in Africa: Sierra Leone in Comparative Perspective.” NBER paper.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ahmed, Akbar S. 1980. Pukhtun Economy and Society: Traditional Structure and Economic Development in a Tribal Society. London; Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Ahmed, Akbar S. 2013. The Thistle and the Drone: How America’s War on Terror Became a Global War on Tribal Islam. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar
Akella, Karuna and Nielsen, Robin. 2005. “Building on Political Will: Next Step for Land Reform.” Economic and Political Weekly, August 20.Google Scholar
Akins, Harrison. 2017. “FATA and the Frontier Crimes Regulation in Pakistan: The Enduring Legacy of British Colonialism,” Policy Brief 5:17, Baker Center for Public Policy.Google Scholar
Alam, Muzaffar, and Subrahmanyam, Sanjay, eds. 1998. The Mug̲h̲al State, 1526–1750. Delhi; New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Alam, Sanjeer. 2010. “On Matching Census Tracts and Electoral Boundaries: The Bottom-up Aggregation Approach.” Economic and Political Weekly, August 21.Google Scholar
Ali, Imtiaz. 2005. “The Balochistan Problem.” Pakistan Horizon 58 (2): 4162.Google Scholar
Ali, Imtiaz 2018. “Mainstreaming Pakistan’s Federally Administered Tribal Areas Reform Initiatives and Roadblocks.” United States Institute of Peace Special Report.Google Scholar
“Andhra Pradesh: Peasants’ Struggle for Land.” 1977. Economic and Political Weekly, October 1.Google Scholar
Angrist, Joshua D. and Pischke, Jorn-Steffen. 2009. Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist’s Companion. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Anselin, Luc. 1988. Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models. Dordrecht; Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anselin, Luc. 2000. “GIS, Spatial Econometrics and Social Science Research.” Journal of Geographical Systems 2 (1): 1115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arjona, Ana. 2017. Rebelocracy: Social Order in the Colombian Civil War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Arnson, Cynthia, ed. 1999. Comparative Peace Processes in Latin America. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Aung-Thwin, Michael. 1985. “The British ‘Pacification’ of Burma: Order without Meaning.” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 16 (2): 245–61.Google Scholar
Babalola, Dele. 2013. “The Origins of Nigerian Federalism: The Rikerian Theory and Beyond.” Federal Governance 10 (1): 4354. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-346764Google Scholar
Balagopal, K. 1988. Probings in the Political Economy of Agrarian Classes and Conflict. Hyderabad: Perspectives.Google Scholar
Balagopal, K. 2006a. “Chhattisgarh: Physiognomy of Violence.” Economic and Political Weekly 41 (22), June 3: 2183–86.Google Scholar
Balagopal, K. 2006b. “Maoist Movement in Andhra Pradesh.” Economic and Political Weekly 41 (29), July 22: 3183–87.Google Scholar
Balcells, Laia and Kalyvas, Stathis. 2010. “Did Marxism Make a Difference? Marxist Rebellions and National Liberation Movements.” Paper prepared for the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Washington, DC, September 2–5.Google Scholar
Banerjee, Abhijit and Iyer, Lakshmi. 2005. “History, Institutions and Economic Performance: The Legacy of Colonial Land Tenure Systems in India.” American Economic Review 95 (4): 1190–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banerjee, Abhijit and Somanathan, Rohini. 2007. “The Political Economy of Public Goods: Some Evidence from India.” Journal of Development Economics 82: 287314.Google Scholar
Banerjee, Sumanta. 1980. In the Wake of Naxalbari: The Naxalite Movement in India. Calcutta: Subarnarekha Press.Google Scholar
Banerjee, Sumanta 1984. India’s Simmering Revolution. New Delhi: Select Book Syndicate.Google Scholar
Baruah, Amit. 1990. “Bastar of the Tribals.” Frontline, May 12–25.Google Scholar
Baruah, Sanjib. 1999. India against Itself: Assam and the Politics of Nationality. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Baruah, Sanjib 2005. Durable Disorder: Understanding the Politics of Northeast India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Baum, C. F., Schaffer, M. E., and Stillman, S.. 2007a. “Enhanced Routines for Instrumental Variables: Generalized Method of Moments Estimations and Testing.” The Stata Journal 7 (4): 465506.Google Scholar
Baum, C. F., Schaffer, M. E., and Stillman, S. 2007b. “ivreg2: Stata Module for Extended Instrumental Variables/2SLS, GMM and AC/HAC, LIML, and K-class Regression.” Boston College Department of Economics, Statistical Software Components S425401. Downloadable from http://ideas.repec.org/c/boc/bocode/s425401.html.Google Scholar
Bayly, C. 1983. Rulers, Townsmen and Bazaars: North Indian Society in the Age of British Expansion, 1780–1870. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bayly, C. 1988. Indian Society and the Making of the British Empire. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Behera, Anshuman. 2017. “Development as a Source of Conflict: The Sahukars, Displaced People and the Maoists in Koraput.” The Round Table 106 (5): 543–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Besley, Timothy and Burgess, Robin. 2000. “Land Reform, Poverty Reduction, and Growth: Evidence from India.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 115 (2): 389430.Google Scholar
Besley, Timothy, and Reynal-Querol, Marta. 2014. “The Legacy of Historical Conflict: Evidence from Africa.” American Political Science Review 108 (2): 319–36.Google Scholar
Bhatia, Bela. 2005. “The Naxalite Movement in Central Bihar.” Economic and Political Weekly 40 (14): 1536–49.Google Scholar
Bhavnani, Rikhil R., and Lacina, Bethany. 2015. “The Effects of Weather-Induced Migration on Sons of the Soil Riots in India.” World Politics 67 (4): 760–94.Google Scholar
Blanton, Robert T., Mason, David, and Athow, Brian. 2001. “Colonial Style and Post-Colonial Ethnic Conflict in Africa.” Journal of Peace Research 38 (4): 473–91.Google Scholar
Blattman, Chris and Miguel, Edward. 2010. “Civil War.” Journal of Economic Literature 48 (1): 357.Google Scholar
Boone, Catherine. 1994. “States and Ruling Classes in Postcolonial Africa: The Enduring Contradictions of Power.” In Migdal, J., Kohli, A., and Shue, V., eds., State Power and Social Forces: Domination and Transformation in the Third World. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Boone, Catherine 2003. Political Topographies of the African State: Territorial Authority and Institutional Choice. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Boone, Catherine 2014. Property and Political Order in Africa. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Boone, Catherine 2017. “Sons of the Soil Conflict in Africa: Institutional Determinants of Ethnic Conflict Over Land.” World Development 96: 276–93.Google Scholar
Bose, Sumantra. 2003. Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Bound, John, Jaeger, David, and Baker, Regina. 1995. “Problem with Instrumental Variables Estimation When the Correlation Between the Instruments and the Endogenous Explanatory Variable Is Weak.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 90 (430): 443–50.Google Scholar
Brass, Paul. 1997. Theft of an Idol. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Callahan, Mary. 2003. Making Enemies: War and State Building in Burma. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Caroe, Olaf. 1976. The Pathans: 550 B.C.–A.D. 1957. With a New Epilogue. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cederman, Lars-Erik, Wimmer, Andreas, and Min, Brian. 2010. “Why Do Ethnic Groups Rebel? New Data and Analysis.” World Politics 62 (1): 87119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cederman, Lars-Erik, Weidmann, Nils, and Gleditsch, Kristian. 2011. “Horizontal Inequalities and Ethnonationalist Civil War: A Global Comparison.” American Political Science Review 105 (3): 478–95.Google Scholar
Cederman, L., Gleditsch, K., and Buhaug, H.. 2013. Inequality, Grievances, and Civil War. Cambridge Studies in Contentious Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chakraborty, Debashish. 2009. “Maoists in West Bengal.” Economic & Political Weekly 44 (46): 1719.Google Scholar
Chandra, Kanchan. 2004. Why Ethnic Parties Succeed: Patronage and Ethnic Headcounts in India. Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chandra, Kanchan and Wilkinson, Steven. 2008. “Measuring the Effect of ‘Ethnicity’.” Comparative Political Studies 41 (4/5): 515–63.Google Scholar
Chandra, Kanchan, and García-Ponce, Omar. 2019. “Why Ethnic Subaltern-Led Parties Crowd Out Armed Organizations: Explaining Maoist Violence in India.” World Politics 71 (2): 367416.Google Scholar
Cline, Lawrence E. 2009. “Insurgency in Amber: Ethnic Opposition Groups in Myanmar.” Small Wars & Insurgencies 20 (3–4): 574–91.Google Scholar
Collier, Paul and Hoeffler, Anke. 2004. “Greed and Grievance in Civil War.” Oxford Economic Papers 56: 563–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Copland, Ian. 1982. The British Raj and the Indian Princes: Paramountcy in Western India, 1857–1930. New Delhi: Orient Longmans Ltd.Google Scholar
Cunningham, H. S. 1891. Earl Canning. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Curzon of Kedleston, Curzon, George Nathaniel, and Raleigh, Thomas. 1906. Lord Curzon in India: Being a Selection from His Speeches as Viceroy & Governor-General of India, 1898–1905. Introduction by Sir Thomas Raleigh. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Dasgupta, Aditya, Gawande, Kishore, and Kapur, Devesh. 2017. “(When) Do Anti-Poverty Programs Reduce Violence? India’s Rural Employment Guarantee and Maoist Conflict.International Organization 71 (3): 605632CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dell, Melissa. 2010. “The Persistent Effects of Peru’s Mining Mita.” Econometrica 78 (6): 18631903.Google Scholar
Desai, Manali. 2005. “Indirect British Rule, State Formation, and Welfarism in Kerala, India, 1860–1957.” Social Science History 29 (3): 457–88.Google Scholar
Dhanagare, D. N. 1974. “Social Origins of the Peasant Insurrection in Telangana (1946–51).” Contributions to Indian Sociology 8 (1): 109–34.Google Scholar
Dincecco, Mark, and Prado, Mauricio. 2012. “Warfare, Fiscal Capacity, and Performance.” Journal of Economic Growth 17 (3): 171203.Google Scholar
Dirks, Nicholas. 2001. Castes of the Mind: Colonialism and the Making of Modern India. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Djankov, Simeon, and Reynal-Querol, Marta. 2010. “Poverty and Civil War: Revisiting the Evidence.” The Review of Economics and Statistics 92 (4): 1035–41.Google Scholar
DN, , 2002. “Breaking the Deadlock: Land Reform Revisited.” Economic and Political Weekly June 29.Google Scholar
Do, Quy-Toan, and Iyer, Lakshmi. 2010. “Geography, Poverty and Conflict in Nepal.” Journal of Peace Research 47 (6): 735–48.Google Scholar
Dunning, Thad. 2008. “Model Specification in Instrumental-Variables Regression.” Political Analysis 16 (3): 290302.Google Scholar
Duyker, Edward. 1987. Tribal Guerillas: The Santals of West Bengal and the Naxalite Movement. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Economist, Feb 25, 2010, “Ending the Red Terror.”Google Scholar
Fearon, James, and Laitin, David. 2001. “Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War.” Presented at the 2001 Annual Meetings of the American Political Science Association, San Francisco, CA, August 30–September 2.Google Scholar
Fearon, James, and Laitin, David 2003. “Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War.” American Political Science Review 97 (1): 7590.Google Scholar
Fearon, James, and Laitin, David 2011. “Sons of the Soil, Migrants, and Civil War.” World Development 39 (2): 199211.Google Scholar
Fisher, Michael H. 1987. A Clash of Cultures: Awadh, the British and the Mughals. New Delhi: Manohar Publications.Google Scholar
Fisher, Michael H. 1991. Indirect Rule in India. Residents and the Residency System, 1764–1858. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Foa, Roberto. 2016. Ancient Polities, Modern States. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences.Google Scholar
Fredholm, Michael. 1993. Burma: Ethnicity and Insurgency. Westport, CT: Praeger.Google Scholar
Furnivall, J. S. 1948. Colonial Policy and Practice: A Comparative Study of Burma and Netherlands India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Furnivall, J. S. 1958. The Governance of Modern Burma. New York: International Secretariat, Institute of Pacific Relations.Google Scholar
Ganguly, Sumit. 1996. “Explaining the Kashmir Insurgency – Political Mobilization and Institutional Decay.” International Security 21 (2): 76107.Google Scholar
Ganguly, Sumit, Pardesi, Manjeet, and Blarel, Nicolas eds. 2018. The Oxford Handbook of India’s National Security. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Garg, Ruchir. 2008. “Roots and Causes: The Case of Dandakaranya.” In Ramana, P. V., and Observer Research Foundation, eds., The Naxal Challenge: Causes, Linkages, and Policy Options. New Delhi: Pearson Education, 2528.Google Scholar
Gawande, Kishore, Kapur, Devesh, and Satyanath, Shanker. 2017. “Renewable Natural Resource Shocks and Conflict Intensity: Findings from India’s Ongoing Maoist Insurgency.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 61 (1): 140–72.Google Scholar
Gennaioli, Nicola, and Rainer, Ilia. 2007. “The Modern Impact of Precolonial Centralization in Africa.” Journal of Economic Growth 12 (3): 185234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
George, Alexander L., and Bennett, Andrew. 2005. Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Gerring, John. 2007a. Case Study Research: Principles and Practices. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gerring, John. 2007b. “Is There a (Viable) Crucial-Case Method?Comparative Political Studies 40 (3): 231–53.Google Scholar
Gerring, John, Ziblatt, Daniel, Van Gorp, Johan, and Arevalo, Julian. 2011. “An Institutional Theory of Direct and Indirect Rule.” World Politics 63 (3): 377433.Google Scholar
Goertz, Gary. 2017. Multimethod Research, Causal Mechanisms, and Case Studies: An Integrated Approach. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Goertz, Gary, and Mahoney, James. 2005. “Two-Level Theories and Fuzzy-Set Analysis.” Sociological Methods & Research 33(4): 497538.Google Scholar
Gomes, Joseph Flavian. 2015. “The Political Economy of the Maoist Conflict in India: An Empirical Analysis.” World Development 68: 96123.Google Scholar
Goodwin, Jeff, and Skocpol, Theda. 1989. “Explaining Revolutions in the Contemporary Third World.” Politics and Society 17 (4): 489509.Google Scholar
Gordon, Stewart. 1993. The Marathas 1600–1818. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gossman, Patricia. 1992. “Police Killings and Rural Violence in Andhra Pradesh.” Asia Watch September 20: 1213.Google Scholar
Gough, Kathleen. 1974. “Indian Peasant Uprisings.” Economic and Political Weekly 9 (32): 1391–412.Google Scholar
Gould, Roger. 1991. “Multiple Networks and Mobilization for the Paris Commune.” American Sociological Review 56 (6): 716–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Griffin, Lepel Henry. 1898. Ranjit Singh and the Sikh Barrier between Our Growing Empire and Central Asia. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Guardado, Jenny. 2016. “Forced Labor, Ethnicity and Conflict: Evidence from the Peruvian Mita.” Manuscript, presented at OSU conference on colonialism, April 29.Google Scholar
Guha, Ramachandra. 1983. “Forestry in British and Post-British India: A Historical Analysis.” Economic and Political Weekly 18 (45/46), October 29: 1940–47.Google Scholar
Gujarati, Damodar N. 2003. Basic Econometrics. 4th ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Gurr, Ted Robert. 1970. Why Men Rebel. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Gustafson, Donald R. 1968. Mysore 1881–1902: The Making of a Model State. PhD Thesis, University of Wisconsin, Madison.Google Scholar
Gutiérrez-Sanın, Francisco and Wood, Elisabeth. 2014. “Ideology in civil war: Instrumental Adoption and Beyond.” Journal of Peace Research 51 (2): 213–26.Google Scholar
Habib, Irfan. 1999. The Agrarian System of Mughal India 1556–1707. New Delhi; New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Habib, Irfan 1984. Peasant and Artisan Resistance in Mughal India. McGill Studies in International Development, No. 34. McGill University.Google Scholar
Haragopal, G. 2010. “The Telangana People’s Movement: The Unfolding Political Culture.” Economic and Political Weekly, October 16.Google Scholar
Harvey, Neil. 1998. The Chiapas Rebellion: The Struggle for Land and Democracy. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Hassner, Ron. 2003. “To Halve and to Hold: Conflicts over Sacred Space and the Problem of Indivisibility.” Security Studies 12 (4): 133.Google Scholar
Hechter, Michael. 2000. Containing Nationalism. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hegre, Havard, and Sambanis, Nicholas. 2006. “Sensitivity Analysis of Empirical Results on Civil War Onset.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 50 (4): 508–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hegre, Havard, Ellingsen, Tanya, Gates, Scott, and Gledisch, Nils Peter. 2001. “Towards a Democratic Civil Peace? Democracy, Political Change, and Civil War, 1816–1992.” American Political Science Review 95: 3348.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heller, Patrick. 1995. “From Class Struggle to Class Compromise.The Journal of Development Studies 31 (5): 645–72.Google Scholar
Herbst, Jeffrey Ira. 2000. States and Power in Africa: Comparative Lessons in Authority and Control. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Herring, Ronald J. 1983. Land to the Tiller: The Political Economy of Agrarian Reform in South Asia. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Hoelscher, K., Miklian, Jason, and Vadlamannati, Krishna Chaitanya. 2012. “Hearts and Mines: A District-Level Analysis of the Maoist Conflict in India.” International Area Studies Review 15 (2): 141160.Google Scholar
Horowitz, Donald. 1985. Ethnic Groups in Conflict. Berkeley; Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Hurd, John. 1975. “The Economic Consequences of Indirect Rule in India.” Indian Economic Social History Review 12: 169–81.Google Scholar
Iyer, Lakshmi. 2010. “Direct versus Indirect Colonial Rule in India: Long Term Consequences.” The Review of Economics and Statistics 92 (4): 693713.Google Scholar
Jafa, Vijendra Singh. 1999. “Administrative Policies & Ethnic Disintegration: Engineering Conflict in India’s North East.” Faultlines: Writings on Conflict & Resolution, Vol. 2. www.satp.org/faultline/Volume-2Google Scholar
Jaffrelot, Christophe. 2003. India’s Silent Revolution – The Rise of the Lower Castes in North India. New York: Columbia University Press; New Delhi: Permanent Black.Google Scholar
Jeffrey, Robin. 1976. Decline of Nayar Dominance: Society and Politics in Travancore, 1847–1908. New York: Holmes & Meier Publishers.Google Scholar
Jeffrey, Robin ed. 1978. People, Princes and Paramount Power: Society and Politics in the Indian Princely States. Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Jha, Sanjay. 2008. “Political Bases and Dimensions of the Naxalite Movement.” In The Naxal Challenge, ed. P. V. Ramana.Google Scholar
Jha, Saumitra. 2013. “Trade, Institutions, and Ethnic Tolerance: Evidence from South Asia.” American Political Science Review 107 (4): 806–32.Google Scholar
Jha, Saumitra, and Wilkinson, Steven. 2012. “Does Combat Experience Foster Organizational Skill? Evidence from Ethnic Cleansing during the Partition of India.” American Political Science Review 106 (4): 883907.Google Scholar
Johnson, Thomas H., and Mason, M. Chris. 2008. “No Sign until the Burst of Fire: Understanding the Pakistan-Afghanistan Frontier.” International Security 32 (4): 4177.Google Scholar
Joshi, G. M. 1990. Tribal Bastar and British Administration. New Delhi: Indus Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Joshi, Madhav, and Mason, T. David. 2010. “Land Tenure, Democracy, and Patterns of Violence during the Maoist Insurgency in Nepal, 1996–2005.” Social Science Quarterly 91 (4): 9841006.Google Scholar
Karklins, Alexander. 2009. “The Colonial Legacy and Human Rights in Mexico: Indigenous Rights and the Zapatista Movement.” Human Rights and Human Welfare Research Digest. www.du.edu/korbel/hrhw/researchdigest/latinamerica2/digest-human%20rights%20in%20latin%20america%20vol%202-mexico.pdfGoogle Scholar
Kalyvas, Stathis. 2006. The Logic of Violence in Civil War. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kalyvas, Stathis 2008. “Promises and Pitfalls of an Emerging Research Program: The Microdynamics of Civil War.” In Kalyvas, Stathis, Shapiro, Ian, and Masoud, Tarek, eds. Order, Conflict, and Violence. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 397421.Google Scholar
Kalyvas, Stathis and Kocher, Matthew. 2009. “The Dynamics of Violence in Vietnam: An Analysis of the Hamlet Evaluation System (HES).” Journal of Peace Research 46 (3): 335–55.Google Scholar
Kennedy, Jonathan and King, Lawrence. 2013. “Adivasis, Maoists and Insurgency in the Central Indian Tribal Belt.European Journal of Sociology, LIV.Google Scholar
Kennedy, Jonathan, and Purushotham, Sunil. 2012. “Beyond Naxalbari: A Comparative Analysis of Maoist Insurgency and Counterinsurgency in Independent India.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 54 (4): 832–62.Google Scholar
Khan, Muhammad Khaili, and Wei, Lu. 2016. “When Friends Turned into Enemies: The role of the National State vs. Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) in the War against Terrorism in Pakistan.” The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis 28 (4): 597626.Google Scholar
King, Gary, Tomz, Michael, and Wittenberg, Jason. 2000. “Making the Most of Statistical Analyses: Improving Interpretation and Presentation.” American Journal of Political Science 44: 341–55.Google Scholar
Kocher, Matthew, Pepinsky, Thomas, and Kalyvas, Stathis. 2011. “Aerial Bombing and Counterinsurgency in the Vietnam War.” American Journal of Political Science 55 (2): 201–18.Google Scholar
Kohli, Atul. 1987. The State and Poverty in India: The Politics of Reform. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kohli, Atul ed. 2001. The Success of India’s Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kohli, Atul 2004. State Directed Development: Political Power and Industrialization in the Global Periphery. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kohli, Atul 2012. Poverty Amid Plenty in the New India. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Krishna, Anirudh. 2017. The Broken Ladder: The Paradox and Potential India’s One-Billion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kujur, Rajat. 2008. “Naxal Movement in India: A Profile.” IPCS Research Papers. New Delhi: Institute for Peace and Conflict Studies.Google Scholar
Kulke, Hermann, and Rothermund, Dietmar. 2004. A History of India. 4th ed. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire; New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Laitin, David. 1985. “Hegemony and Religious Conflict.” In Evans, P., Rueschemeyer, D., and Skocpol, T., eds., Bringing the State Back In. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 285316.Google Scholar
Laitin, David 1986. Hegemony and Culture: Politics and Religious Change among the Yoruba. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Lange, Matthew. 2009. Lineages of Despotism and Development: British Colonialism and State Power. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Lange, Matthew and Dawson, Andrew. 2009. “Dividing and Ruling the World? A Statistical Test of the Effects of Colonialism on Postcolonial Civil Violence.” Social Forces 88 (2): 785818.Google Scholar
Lange, Matthew and Rueschemeyer, Dietrich, eds. 2005. States and Development: Historical Antecedents of Stagnation and Advance. New York: Palgrave Macmillan Press.Google Scholar
Lange, Matthew, Mahoney, James, and vom Hau, Mathia. 2006. “Colonialism and Development: A Comparative Analysis of Spanish and British Colonies.” American Journal of Sociology 111 (5): 1412–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lawrence, Adria. 2010. “Triggering Nationalist Violence: Competition and Conflict in Uprisings against Colonial Rule.” International Security 35 (2): 88122.Google Scholar
Lee, Alexander. 2017. “Ethnic Diversity and Ethnic Discrimination: Explaining Local Public Goods Provision.” Comparative Political Studies 51 (10): 1351–83.Google Scholar
Lee, Alexander 2019. “Land, State Capacity, and Colonialism: Evidence from India.” Comparative Political Studies 52 (3): 412–44.Google Scholar
Lee, Alexander, and Schultz, Kenneth A.. 2012. “Comparing British and French Colonial Legacies: A Discontinuity Analysis of Cameroon.” Quarterly Journal of Political Science 7 (4): 365410.Google Scholar
Lee-Warner, Sir William. 1910. The Native States of India. London: Macmillan and Co., Ltd.Google Scholar
Levi, Margaret. 1988. Of Rule and Revenue. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Lichbach, Mark I. 1994. “What Makes Rational Peasants Revolutionary? Dilemma, Paradox, and Irony in Peasant Collective Action.” World Politics 46 (3): 383418.Google Scholar
Lieberman, Evan. 2005. “Nested Analysis as a Mixed-Method Strategy for Comparative Research.” American Political Science Review 99 (3): 435452.Google Scholar
Lieberman, Evan 2015. Nested Analysis: Toward the Integration of Comparative-Historical Analysis with Other Social Science Methods. In Mahoney, J. and Thelen, K., eds., Advances in Comparative-Historical Analysis. Strategies for Social Inquiry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 240–63.Google Scholar
Ligot, Jacinto. 1994. “Communist Insurgency in the Philippines.” Thesis submitted to Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California.Google Scholar
Long, J. Scott. 1997. Regression Models for Categorical and Limited Dependent Variables. Thousand Oaks; London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Long, J. Scott, and Freese, Jeremy. 2006. Regression Models for Categorical Outcomes Using Stata. 2nd ed. College Station, TX: Stata Press.Google Scholar
Louis, Prakash. 2002. The Naxalite Movement in Central Bihar. New Delhi: Wordsmiths.Google Scholar
Lugard, Sir F. D. 1926. The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa. Edinburgh: William Blackwood & Sons.Google Scholar
Lyall, Alfred C. 1910. The Rise and Expansion of the British Dominion in India. 5th ed. London: J. Murray.Google Scholar
Maclagan, Michael. 1962. “Clemency” Canning. London: MacMillan and Company Ltd.Google Scholar
Maddison, Angus. 2003. The World Economy: Historical Statistics. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.Google Scholar
Mahoney, James. 2000. “Path Dependence in Historical Sociology.” Theory and Society 29 (4): 507–48.Google Scholar
Mahoney, James 2010. Colonialism and Postcolonial Development: Spanish America in Comparative Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Mahoney, James and Goertz, Gary. 2006. “A Tale of Two Cultures: Contrasting Quantitative and Qualitative Research.” Political Analysis 14: 227–49.Google Scholar
Mamdani, Mahmood. 1996. Citizen and Subject. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Mamdani, Mahmood 2001. When Victims Become Killers. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Mampilly, Zachariah. 2011. Rebel Rulers: Insurgent Governance and Civilian Life during War. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Manor, James. 1978. Political Change in an Indian State: Mysore 1917–1955. Columbia, MO: South Asia Books.Google Scholar
Manor, James 1980. “Pragmatic Progressives in Regional Politics.” Economic and Political Weekly 15 (5/7): 201–13.Google Scholar
Marshall, P. J. 1987. Bengal – The British Bridgehead: Eastern India, 1740–1828. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Marwah, Ved. 2009. India in Turmoil: Jammu and Kashmir, the North East and Left Extremism. New Delhi: Rupa & Co.Google Scholar
Mayaram, Shail. 2003. Against History, Against State: Counterperspectives from the Margins. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
McAdam, Doug. 1986. “Recruitment to High-Risk Activism: The Case of Freedom Summer.” American Journal of Sociology 92: 6490.Google Scholar
McAdam, Doug, McCarthy, John D., and Zald, Mayer N., eds. 1996. Comparative Perspectives on Social Movements: Political Opportunities, Mobilizing Structures, and Cultural Framings. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
McCarthy, John D, and Zald, Mayer N.. 1973. The Trend of Social Movements in America: Professionalization and Resource Mobilization. Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press.Google Scholar
McCarthy, John D, and Zald, Mayer N. 1977. “Resource Mobilization and Social Movements: A Partial Theory.” American Journal of Sociology 82: 1212–41.Google Scholar
McEvedy, Colin, and Jones, Richard. 1978. Atlas of World Population History. New York: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Metcalf, Thomas R. 1979. Land, Landlords and the British Raj: Northern Indian in the Nineteenth Century. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Michalopoulos, Stelios, and Papaioannou, Elias. 2013. “Pre-Colonial Ethnic Institutions and Contemporary African Development.” Econometrica 81 (1): 113–52.Google Scholar
Migdal, Joel. 1988. Strong Societies and Weak States: State-Society Relations and State Capability in the Third World. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Miguel, Edward, Satyanath, Shanker, and Sergenti, Ernest. 2004. “Economic Shocks and Civil Conflict: An Instrumental Variables Approach.” Journal of Political Economy 112 (4): 725–53.Google Scholar
Miklian, Jason. 2009. “The Purification Hunt: The Salwa Judum Counterinsurgency in Chhattisgarh, India.” Dialectical Anthropology 33: 441–59.Google Scholar
Misra, Babu Ram. 1942. Land Revenue Policy in the United Provinces under British Rule. Benares: Nand Kishore & Brothers.Google Scholar
Mishra, Trinath. 2007. Barrel of the Gun: The Maoist Challenge and Indian Democracy. New Delhi: Sheriden Book Co.Google Scholar
Mitchell, Edward. 1967. “The Significance of Land Tenure in the Vietnamese Insurgency.” Asian Survey 7 (8): 577–80.Google Scholar
Mitchell, Edward 1968. “Inequality and Insurgency: A Statistical Study of South Vietnam.” World Politics 20 (3): 421438.Google Scholar
Mohsin, Amena. 2003. The Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.Google Scholar
Mukherjee, Nilmani. 1962. The Ryotwari System in Madras 1792–1827. Calcutta: Firma K. L. Mukhopadhyay.Google Scholar
Mukherjee, Shivaji. 2014. “Why Are the Longest Insurgencies Low Violence? Politician Motivations, Sons of the Soil, and Civil War Duration.” Civil Wars 16 (2): 172207.Google Scholar
Mukherjee, Shivaji 2018a. “Colonial Origins of Maoist Insurgency in India: Historical Institutions and Civil War.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 62 (10): 22322274.Google Scholar
Mukherjee, Shivaji 2018b. “Historical Legacies of Colonial Indirect Rule: Princely States and Maoist Insurgency in Central India.” World Development 111: 113–29.Google Scholar
Mukherjee, Shivaji 2018c. “Insurgencies in India – Origins and Causes,” in Ganguly, S., Pardesi, M., Blarel, N (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of India’s National Security. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 209–28.Google Scholar
Murillo, Mario. 2007. “Indigenous Communities Caught in the Crossfire.” September 25. https://nacla.org/article/indigenous-communities-caught-crossfireGoogle Scholar
Murshed, S. Mansoob, and Gates, Scott. 2005. “Spatial-Horizontal Inequality and the Maoist Insurgency in Nepal.” Review of Development Economics 9 (1): 121–34.Google Scholar
Naseemullah, Adnan. 2014. “Shades of Sovereignty: Explaining Political Order and Disorder in Pakistan’s Northwest.” Studies in Comparative International Development 49: 501–22.Google Scholar
Naseemullah, Adnan, and Staniland, Paul. 2016. “Indirect Rule and Varieties of Governance.” Governance 29 (1): 1330.Google Scholar
Nayak, Deepak Kumar. 2019a. “Maoists: Wounded, not Vanquished.” South Asia Intelligence Review 17 (40). www.satp.org/south-asia-intelligence-review-Volume-17-No-40#assessment1Google Scholar
Nayak, Deepak Kumar 2019b. “Maoists: No Takers.” South Asia Intelligence Review 18 (12). www.satp.org/south-asia-intelligence-review-volume-18-no-12#assessment2Google Scholar
Nunn, Nathan, and Puga, Diego. 2012. “Ruggedness: The Blessing of Bad Geography in Africa.” The Review of Economics and Statistics 94(1): 2036.Google Scholar
Oppenheim, Ben, and Weintraub, Michael. 2017. “Doctrine and Violence: The Impact of Combatant Training on Civilian Killings.” Terrorism and Political Violence 29 (6): 1126–48.Google Scholar
Paige, Jeffery M. 1975. Agrarian Revolution: Social Movements and Export Agriculture in the Underdeveloped World. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Pandey, Gyanendra. 1990. The Construction of Communalism in Colonial North India. Delhi; New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Panikkar, K. M. 1960. A History of Kerala 1498–1801. Annamalainagar, India: Annamalai University, Historical Series, no. 15.Google Scholar
Petersen, Roger. 2002. Understanding Ethnic Violence: Fear, Hatred, and Resentment in Twentieth Century Eastern Europe. Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Pierson, Paul. 2000. “Increasing Returns, Path Dependence, and the Study of Politics.” American Political Science Review 94 (2): 251–67.Google Scholar
Pradhan, Fakir Mohan. 2013. “Maoists: Tactical Retreat.” South Asia Intelligence Review 11 (36). www.satp.org/satporgtp/sair/Archives/sair11/11_36.htm#assessment2Google Scholar
Qunungo, Suniti. 1998. Chakma Resistance to British Domination, 1772–1798. Chittagong: Shanti Press.Google Scholar
Rabitoy, Neil. 1975. “System v. Expediency: The Reality of Land Revenue Administration in the Bombay Presidency, 1812–1820.” Modern Asian Studies 9 (4): 529–46.Google Scholar
Ragin, Charles C. 1987. The Comparative Method: Moving beyond Qualitative and Quantitative Strategies. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Rana, R. P. 1981. “Agrarian Revolts in Northern India during the Late 17th and Early 18th Century.” The Indian Economic and Social History Review 18 (3–4): 287322.Google Scholar
Reddy, V. Ramakrishna. 1987. Economic History of Hyderabad State (Warangal Suba: 1911–1950). Delhi: Gian Publishing House.Google Scholar
Reddy, Kodandaram. 2007. “Movement for Telangana State: A Struggle for Autonomy.” Economic and Political Weekly 42 (2): 9094.Google Scholar
Ramusack, Barbara N. 2004. The Indian Princes and Their States. The New Cambridge History of India, Volume III.6. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1976. Landownership in Nepal. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Reynal-Querol, Marta. 2002. “Ethnicity, Political Systems and Civil War.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 46 (1): 2954.Google Scholar
Robinson, James. 2013. “Colombia: Another 100 Years of Solitude?” Current History February.Google Scholar
Ross, Michael L. 2004. “How Do Natural Resources Influence Civil War? Evidence from Thirteen Cases.” International Organization 58 (1): 3567.Google Scholar
Roy, Kaushik. 2005. “Military Synthesis in South Asia: Armies, Warfare and Indian Society, c. 1740–1849.” The Journal of Military History 69 (3): 651–90.Google Scholar
Roy, B. K., and Verma, Vijay. “Regional Divisions of India – A Cartographic Analysis: Occasional Papers.” IAS, Series 1, Volume XI, Madhya Pradesh.Google Scholar
Russett, Bruce. 1964. “Inequality and Instability: The Relation of Land Tenure to Politics.” World Politics 16 (3): 442–54.Google Scholar
Sahni, Ajai. 2007. “Asleep in Chhattisgarh.” South Asia Intelligence Review 6 (1). www.satp.org/satporgtp/sair/Archives/6_1.htm#assessment1Google Scholar
Sahoo, Niranjan. 2019. “Half a Century of India’s Maoist Insurgency: An Appraisal of State Response,” ORF Occasional Paper 198, June.Google Scholar
Sambanis, Nicholas. 2001. “Do Ethnic and Non-Ethnic Civil Wars Have the Same Causes?Journal of Conflict Resolution 45 (3): 259–82.Google Scholar
Sambanis, Nicholas. 2004. “What Is Civil War?Journal of Conflict Resolution 48 (6): 814–58.Google Scholar
Sampson, Isaac Terwase. 2014. “Religion and the Nigerian State: Situating the de Facto and de Jure Frontiers of State – Religion Relations and Its Implications for National Security.” Oxford Journal of Law and Religion 3 (2): 311–39.Google Scholar
Sartori, Giovanni. 1970. “Concept Misformation in Comparative Politics.” The American Political Science Review 64 (4): 1033–53.Google Scholar
Schwartzberg, Joseph E., ed. 1992. A Historical Atlas of South Asia. Second Impression, with Additional Material. New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Scott, James. 1977. The Moral Economy of the Peasant. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Scott, James 2009. The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Selth, Andrew. 1986. “Race and Resistance in Burma, 1942–1945.” Modern Asian Studies 20 (3): 483507.Google Scholar
Sen, Ilina. 2006. “Ground Clearing with the Salwa Judum.” Himal, South Asia 19 (8): 4244.Google Scholar
Seshan, Radhika. 2014. “The Maratha State: Some Preliminary Considerations.” Indian Historical Review 41 (1): 3546.Google Scholar
Shah, Alpa. 2010. In the Shadows of the State: Indigenous Politics, Environmentalism, and Insurgency in Jharkhand, India. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Shah, Alpa 2013. “The Agrarian Question in a Maoist Guerrilla Zone: Land, Labour and Capital in the Forests and Hills of Jharkhand, India.” Journal of Agrarian Change 13 (3): 424–50.Google Scholar
Silverstein, Josef. 1959. “The Federal Dilemma in Burma.” Far Eastern Survey 28 (7): 97105.Google Scholar
Singh, Ajit Kumar. 2017. “Rudderless Reds.” South Asia Intelligence Review 16 (22). www.satp.org/south-asia-intelligence-review-Volume-16-No-22#assessment1Google Scholar
Singh, Prakash. 1995. The Naxalite Movement in India. New Delhi: Rupa Publications.Google Scholar
Singh, Prerna. 2016. How Solidarity Works for Welfare: Subnationalism and Social Development in India. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sinha, Shantha. 1989. Maoists in Andhra Pradesh. New Delhi: Gian Publishing House.Google Scholar
Sivaramakrishnan, K. 1999. Modern Forests: Statemaking and Environmental Change in Colonial Eastern India. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Skocpol, Theda. 1979. States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia, and China. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Skocpol, Theda 1982. “What Makes Peasants Revolutionary?Comparative Politics 14 (3): 351–75.Google Scholar
Slater, Dan, and Ziblatt, Daniel. 2013. “The Enduring Indispensability of the Controlled Comparison.” Comparative Political Studies 46 (10): 1301–27.Google Scholar
Smith, Martin J. 1999. Burma: Insurgency and the Politics of Ethnicity. 2nd (updated) ed. Dhaka: The University Press; Bangkok: White Lotus; London: Zed Books.Google Scholar
Smith, Martin J. 2007. State of Strife: The Dynamics of Ethnic Conflict in Burma. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Singapore; Washington, DC East-West Center.Google Scholar
Snow, David A., Zurcher, Louis A., and Ekland-Olson, Sheldon. 1980. “Social Networks and Social Movements: A Microstructural Approach to Differential Recruitment.” American Sociological Review 45: 787801.Google Scholar
South, Ashley. 2008. Ethnic Politics in Burma: States of Conflict. Abingdon; New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Srinivasulu, K. 2002. “Caste, Class and Social Articulation in Andhra Pradesh: Mapping Differential Regional Trajectories.” Working paper 179, ODI, September, pp. 56.Google Scholar
Staiger, D., and Stock, J. H.. 1997. “Instrumental Variables Regression with Weak Instruments.” Econometrica 65: 557–86.Google Scholar
Staniland, Paul. 2012a. “Organizing Insurgency: Networks, Resources, and Rebellion in South Asia.” International Security 37 (1): 142–77.Google Scholar
Staniland, Paul 2012b. “States, Insurgents, and Wartime Political Orders.” Perspectives on Politics 10 (2): 243–64.Google Scholar
Staniland, Paul 2014. Networks of Rebellion: Explaining Insurgent Cohesion and Collapse. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Stein, Burton. 1985. “State Formation and Economy Reconsidered: Part One.” Modern Asian Studies 19 (3): 387413.Google Scholar
Stock, J. H., Wright, J. H., and Yogo, M.. 2002. “A Survey of Weak Instruments and Weak Identification in Generalized Method of Moments.” Journal of Business and Economic Statistics 20: 518–29.Google Scholar
Stokes, Eric. 1978. “The Land Revenue Systems of the North-Western Provinces and Bombay Deccan 1830–1948: Ideology and the Official Mind.” In The Peasant and the Raj: Studies in Agrarian Society and Peasant Rebellion in Colonial India, ed. Stokes, Eric. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Suba Chandran, D., and Chari, P. R., eds. 2012. Armed Conflicts in South Asia 2011: The Promise and Threat of Transformation. London; New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Sundar, Nandini. 2006. “Bastar, Maoism and Salwa Judum.” Economic and Political Weekly 41 (29): 3187–92.Google Scholar
Sundar, Nandini 2007. Subalterns and Sovereigns: An Anthropological History of Bastar (1854–2006). Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Sundarayya, P. 1972. Telengana People’s Struggle and Its Lessons. Calcutta: Communist Party of India (Marxist).Google Scholar
Tarrow, Sidney G. 1998. Power in Movement: Social Movements and Contentious Politics. 2nd ed. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Thachil, Tariq. 2011. “Embedded Mobilization: Nonstate Service Provision as Electoral Strategy in India.” World Politics 63 (3): 434–69.Google Scholar
Thachil, Tariq 2014. Elite Parties, Poor Voters: How Social Services Win Votes in India. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Thirumali, Inukonda. 2003. Against Dora and Nizam: People’s Movement in Telangana 1939–1948. New Delhi: Kanishka Publishers.Google Scholar
Tilly, Charles. 1978. From Mobilization to Revolution. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
Toft, Monica. 2006. “Issue Indivisibility and Time Horizons as Rationalist Explanations for War.” Security Studies 15 (1): 3469.Google Scholar
Tomz, Michael, Wittenberg, Jason, and King, Gary. 2001. “Clarify: Software for Interpreting and Presenting Statistical Results.” Manuscript, Stanford University. http://gking.harvard.edu/clarify/clarify.pdfGoogle Scholar
Topalova, Petia. 2005. “Trade Liberalization, Poverty and Inequality: Evidence from Indian Districts.” NBER working paper no. 11614.Google Scholar
Trejo, Guillermo. 2012. Popular Movements in Autocracies: Religion, Repression and Indigenous Collective Action in Mexico. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Tripodi, Christian. 2008. “Peacemaking through Bribes or Cultural Empathy? The Political Officer and Britain’s Strategy towards the North-West Frontier, 1901–1945.” Journal of Strategic Studies 31 (1): 123–51.Google Scholar
Troyan, Brett. 2008. “Ethnic Citizenship in Colombia,” Latin American Research Review 43 (3): 166–91.Google Scholar
Upadhya, Carol. 1988. “The Farmer-Capitalists of Coastal Andhra Pradesh.” Economic and Political Weekly 23 (27), July 2: 1376-82.Google Scholar
Vanden Eynde, Oliver. 2018. “Targets of Violence: Evidence from India’s Naxalite Conflict.” Economic Journal 128 (609): 887916.Google Scholar
Vanneman, Reeve, and Barnes, Douglas. 2000. “Indian District Database, 1961–1991,” machine-readable data file and codebook. College Park, MD: Center on Population, Gender, and Social Inequality. www.bsos.umd.edu/socy/vanneman/districts/index.htmlGoogle Scholar
Varshney, Ashutosh. 1998. “Why Democracy Survives.” Journal of Democracy 9 (3): 3650.Google Scholar
Varshney, Ashutosh 2002. Ethnic Conflict and Civic Life: Hindus and Muslims in India. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Verghese, Ajay. 2016a. “British Rule and Tribal Revolts in India: The Curious Case of Bastar.” Modern Asian Studies 50 (5).Google Scholar
Verghese, Ajay 2016b. The Colonial Origins of Ethnic Violence in India. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Verghese, Ajay, and Teitelbaum, Emmanuel. 2019. “Conquest and Conflict: The Colonial Roots of Maoist Violence in India.” Politics and Society 47 (1): 5586.Google Scholar
Weiner, Myron. 1978. Sons of the Soil: Migration and Ethnic Conflict in India. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Weinstein, Jeremy M. 2007. Inside Rebellion: The Politics of Insurgent Violence. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
White, Joshua T. 2008. “The Shape of Frontier Rule: Governance and Transition, from the Raj to the Modern Pakistani Frontier.” Asian Security 4 (3): 219–43.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, Steven. 2004 . Votes and Violence: Electoral Competition and Ethnic Riots in India. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, Steven 2015. Army and Nation: The Military and Indian Democracy since Independence. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, Steven 2017. “Looking Back at the Colonial Origins of Communal and Caste Conflict in India,” February 21, The Wire. https://thewire.in/110535/communal-violence-caste-colonialism/Google Scholar
Womack, John. 1999. Rebellion in Chiapas: An Historical Reader. New York: New Press.Google Scholar
Wood, Elisabeth. 2003. Insurgent Collective Action and Civil War in El Salvador. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wucherpfennig, Julian, Hunziker, Philipp, and Cederman, Lars-Erik. 2016. “Who Inherits the State? Colonial Rule and Post-Colonial Conflict.” American Journal of Political Science 60 (4): 882–98.Google Scholar
Yousafzai, Iftikhar, and Yaqubi, Himayatullah. 2017. “The Durand Line.Journal of Research Society of Pakistan 54 (1): 7897.Google Scholar
Zukerman-Daly, Sarah. 2012. “Organizational Legacies of Violence: Conditions Favoring Insurgency Onset in Colombia, 1964–1984.” Journal of Peace Research 49 (3): 473–91.Google Scholar

Secondary Sources

Annual Reports, Ministry of Home Affairs, India, 2010–19.Google Scholar
“Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies of Andhra Pradesh, 2009 Elections,” from General Elections to the House of People and Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly, 2009, Volume II, Statistical Report, Andhra Pradesh.Google Scholar
Census of India, 1951, Volume VII, Madhya Pradesh, Part 1-A Report, Nagpur, Govt. Printing, 1953.Google Scholar
Census of India, 2001, Andhra Pradesh Administrative Atlas, published by Directorate of Census Operations, Andhra Pradesh.Google Scholar
Census of India, 2001, Chhattisgarh Administrative Atlas, published by Directorate of Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.Google Scholar
Chhattisgarh State Assembly Election – 2003, published by the Chief Electoral Officer, Chhattisgarh.Google Scholar
Committee of Concerned Citizens. 2006. Negotiating Peace: Peace Talks between Government of Andhra Pradesh and Naxalite Parties.Google Scholar
Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies in the State of Andhra Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh Gazette Part V Extraordinary (Lr. No.790IElecs.-A/2004, Genl.Admn. (Elecs.-A) Department, dated 31–05-2007).Google Scholar
“Echoes of Spring Thunder,” Report prepared and compiled by Left Wing Extremist Cell, Special Branch, Kolkata, 2001.Google Scholar
Mitra, D. M. 2012. Genesis and Spread of Maoist Violence and Appropriate State Strategy to Handle It. New Delhi: Bureau of Police Research and Development, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of IndiaGoogle Scholar
Ministry of Home Affairs, India. February 11, 2005. “Revision of guidelines for Re-Imbursement of Security Related Expenditure (S.R.E) to Naxal affected states under S.R.E. Scheme.” MHA Memo Number 11–18015/4/03-IS.III.Google Scholar
Madhya Pradesh Congress Committee. 1966. Report of the Bastar Study Team of the State Congress. Bhopal: Madhya Pradesh Congress Committee.Google Scholar
“Muhammad Ali Jinnah Address to the Tribal Jirga at Government House.” United4justice’s Weblog. https://united4justice.wordpress.com/tag/muhammad-ali-jinnah-address-to-the-tribal-jirga-at-government-house/Google Scholar
Report of an Expert Group to Planning Commission. 2008. Development Challenges in Extremist Affected Areas. New Delhi: Government of India Publications.Google Scholar
Speech of Home Minister P. Chidambaram on 14th September 2009 on the Occasion of the DGPs/IGPs Conference – 2009. http://mha.nic.in/pdfs/HM-DGP-CONF140909.pdf.Google Scholar
“Hindustan Steel Limited: Preliminary Report on Site Location for Bailadila-Vizag Area Steel Plant,” January 1963 in “Proposal for the Setting up of a Steel plant in Bailadilla Vishakhapatnam area during the 4th Plan,” Dept: Railways, Branch: Planning, Year: 1963. File No: 63/PL/4/4 (5)/ 1–22, National Archives of India.Google Scholar
“Broad Gauge Line to Iron Ore Belt.” The Statesman. November 18, 1963, Dept: Railways, Branch: Planning, Year: 1963. File No: 63/PL/4/4 (5)/ 1–22.), National Archives of India.Google Scholar
Aitchison, C. U. 1892. A Collection of Treaties, Engagements and Sanads relating to India and Neighbouring Countries. Volumes I–XIII. Calcutta: Government of India Central Publication Branch.Google Scholar
Baden-Powell, Baden Henry. 1892. The Land-systems of British India: Being a Manual of the Land-Tenures and of the Systems of Land-Revenue Administration Prevalent in the Several Provinces, Volumes 1–3. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
de Brett, E. A. 1909. Central Provinces Gazetteers: Chhattisgarh Feudatory States. Bombay: The Times Press.Google Scholar
Foreign Political-A, August 1876, Program No. 163–172. “Disturbances at Bastar,” National Archives of India.Google Scholar
Foreign Political-A, August 1876, Program No. 170, National Archives of India. “Report from H. MacGeorge, Deputy Commissioner Godavari district to Secretary to the Chief Commissioner,” Central Provinces, 22 April 1876, in “Disturbances at Bastar.”Google Scholar
Foreign A-Political-I, January 1884, Prog. Nos. 117–125, National Archives of India. “Report on the Administration of Bastar State,” by H. C. E. Ward, Addl. Commissioner, Chhattisgarh Division. Prog. No 122.Google Scholar
Foreign A-Political-I, January 1884, Prog. Nos. 117–125, National Archives of India. “Letter from W. B. Jones, Chief Commissioner, Central Provinces to Raja Bhyro Deo, Bastar,” Prog. No. 120.Google Scholar
Foreign A-Political-I, January 1884, Prog. Nos. 117–125, National Archives of India. “Memo by Chief Commissioner, Central Provinces,” Prog. 118, para 6, 40.Google Scholar
Foreign A-Political-I, April 1884, Prog. Nos. 99–103, National Archives of India. “Letter from Raja Bhairo Deo to Chief Commissioner Bastar,” No. 100.Google Scholar
Foreign A-Political-I, April 1884, Nos. 99–103, National Archives of India. Secy. Chief Commissioner, “Central Provinces to Secy. Govt. of India, Foreign Department,” Prog. No. 99.Google Scholar
Foreign Political-I, September 1884, Prog. No. 32, paras 9, 18 (memo), National Archives of India.Google Scholar
Foreign Political-I, November 1891, Pros. Nos. 103–106, National Archives of India.Google Scholar
Foreign Secret-I, September 1910, Progs. No. 16, Enclosure 1, paras. 3–4, National Archives of India.Google Scholar
Foreign Secret-I, September 1910, Prog. No. 16 Enclosure 1, Para 16, National Archives of India. “Report on connection …”Google Scholar
Foreign Secret-I, September 1910, Prog. No. 16, Enclosure 3, Para 5, National Archives of India. R. H. Craddock, Chief Commissioner, Central Provinces, “Note on connection of Lal Kalendra Singh with the rebellion in Bastar State …”Google Scholar
Foreign, Secret-I, August 1911, Prog. No. 37. Enclosure no. 1, para 7, National Archives of India. “Report by E. A. DeBrett.”Google Scholar
Foreign and Political Department, Internal Branch, File No. 328-I, 1926, National Archives of India. “Renewal of the prospecting license for iron ore in the Bastar State in favour of the Tata Iron and Steel Company, Ltd., for one year at a time, for a further period of three years.”Google Scholar
Fraser, A. H. L. 1892. “Tour Notes on the Bastar State,” Compilation No. XXXVIII, Paragraph 6, Jagdalpur Collectorate Records Room.Google Scholar
Government of Hyderabad. 1930. Decennial Report on the Administration of H.E.H the Nizam’s Dominions (6th October 1912 to 5th October 1922 A.D.), Companion Volume to the Administration Report for 1331 F. Hyderabad-Deccan Government Central Press.Google Scholar
“Holt Mackenzie, Memorandum,” July 1, 1819, para. 550, Selections from the Revenue Records of the N.W. Provinces 1818–1820 (Calcutta, 1866).Google Scholar
Minute by Sir Bartle Frere on the subject of adoption as affecting successions in Native States. Foreign Department Proceedings. June 1860. No. 261 Part A. National Archives of India.Google Scholar
Report of the Royal Commission on Jagir Administration and Reforms. Hyderabad: H.E.H. The Nizam’s Government,1947.Google Scholar
Report on the Administration of the Central Provinces and Berar, for the year 1909–10. Nagpur: Printed at the Secretariat Press, 1911.Google Scholar
Report on the Police Administration of the Central Provinces and Berar for the year 1910. Nagpur: Government Press, 1911.Google Scholar
Report on the Administration of the Central Provinces and Berar, for the year 1915–16. Nagpur: Printed at the Secretariat Press, 1917.Google Scholar
Report on the Administration of the Central Provinces and Berar, for the year 1920–21. Nagpur: Printed at Government Press, 1922.Google Scholar
Report on the Administration of Bastar state, for the year 1944.Google Scholar
Annual Report on the Police Administration of the Central Provinces, 1920.Google Scholar
The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volumes 1–26. 1908. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Hyderabad State, 1909.Google Scholar
Nelson, A. Central Provinces District Gazetteer: Bilaspur District, 1909.Google Scholar
Nelson, A. Central Provinces District Gazetteer: Raipur District, 1909.Google Scholar
Temple, Sir Richard. 1863. Reprint of Report on the Zamindaris and Other Petty Chieftancies in the Central Provinces in 1863. Nagpur: Government of India.Google Scholar
30 years of Naxalbari – An Epic of Heroic Struggle and Sacrifice. Kolkata: Revolutionary publications. http://naxalresistance.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/30-years-of-naxalbari/Google Scholar
Banerjee, Aloke. June 2003. Inside MCC Country (MCC er Deshe).Google Scholar
Bhaskar, , “A Decade of ‘Developing’ Displacement,” in People’s March Supplement: A Decade of Struggle and Sacrifice – 10 Years of the CPI-Maoist, September 2014. www.bannedthought.net/India/PeoplesMarch/ePM/PM-V13-Supplement-Sep2014.pdfGoogle Scholar
Central Committee (P) CPI-Maoist. 2001. We Humbly Bow Our Heads – Self-Criticism of the MCCI and the CPI-(ML) [PW] On Strained Relations.Google Scholar
Central Committee, CPI (ML) People’s War. Undated document. “Separate Telangana Movement—Development of Telangana—Our Programme.” Obtained from Archives on Contemporary History, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.Google Scholar
CPI-Maoist Central Committee. 2007. Political Organization Review of CPI (Maoist) (Passed in the Unity Congress – 9th Congress in January 2007).Google Scholar
CPI-ML (People’s War) Central Committee. May 1999. Guerilla Zones – Our Perspective. (Draft).Google Scholar
CPI-ML (People’s War). March 2001. Strategy and Tactics, Adopted in Second Congress, (preliminary draft).Google Scholar
CPI-Maoist Central Committee. March 2001. Strategy and Tactics of the Indian Revolution (final version).Google Scholar
CPI-Maoist Central Committee. 2004. Strategy and Tactics of the Indian Revolution. (final version)Google Scholar
CPI-ML (People’s War). 2004. “Social Investigation – South Bastar, March 2004.” www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/documents/papers/SouthBastar.htmGoogle Scholar
CPI-ML (People’s War). 2002. “Karnataka: Social Conditions and Tactics – A report based on preliminary social investigation conducted by survey teams October 2001 in the Perspective Area.” www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/documents/papers/socialcondition.htmGoogle Scholar
CPI-Maoist Central Committee. 2007. Political Organization Review of CPI (Maoist) (Passed in the Unity Congress – 9th Congress in January 2007).Google Scholar
Dandakaranya Special Zonal Committee, CPI-Maoist. 12 Aug 2005. Jan Jagran Nahi, Jan Daman Abhiyan.Google Scholar
Ganapathy, “Lessons and Challenges of the Indian Revolution,” in People’s March Supplement: A Decade of Struggle and Sacrifice - 10 Years of the CPI-Maoist, September 2014. www.bannedthought.net/India/PeoplesMarch/ePM/PM-V13-Supplement-Sep2014.pdfGoogle Scholar
Maoist Communist Center of India. 2004. Rajneetik Sangathanik—Samiksha Report. Obtained from West Midnapore Police.Google Scholar
Nitin, . 2006. “The Forest Is Ours – Assert the Indigenous Adivasi Inhabitants of Dandakaranya and the Vast Hinterland of India.People’s March, Vol. 7, No. 1, January 2006.Google Scholar
Asian Center for Human Rights (ACHR). March 2006. The Adivasis of Chhattisgarh–Victims of the Naxalite movement and Salwa Judum campaign.Google Scholar
Committee Against Violence on Women (CAVOW). December 2006. Salwa Judum and Violence on Women in Dantewara, Chhattisgarh.Google Scholar
Human Rights Forum. December 2006. Death, Displacement and Deprivation: The War in Dantewada.Google Scholar
Human Rights Watch. July 2008. Being Neutral Is Our Biggest Crime.Google Scholar
Independent Citizen’s Initiative. 2006. War in the Heart of India.Google Scholar
People’s Union of Civil Liberties (PUCL) et al. June 1985. Bastar: Ek Muthbher ki Jaanch (Investigation into an Encounter).Google Scholar
People’s Union of Civil Liberties (PUCL). July 1989. Bastar: Development and Democracy. Madhya Pradesh.Google Scholar
People’s Union of Democratic Rights (PUDR) et al. 2006. When the State Makes War on Its Own People. New Delhi.Google Scholar
Shankar, P. 2006. Yeh Jangal Hamara Hain. New Vistas Publications.Google Scholar
Vanaja, C. April 10, 2005. “Janatana Sarkar: A Parallel Government in the Dandakaranya.” Andhra Jyothi.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Bibliography
  • Shivaji Mukherjee, University of Toronto
  • Book: Colonial Institutions and Civil War
  • Online publication: 15 May 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108954266.012
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Bibliography
  • Shivaji Mukherjee, University of Toronto
  • Book: Colonial Institutions and Civil War
  • Online publication: 15 May 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108954266.012
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Bibliography
  • Shivaji Mukherjee, University of Toronto
  • Book: Colonial Institutions and Civil War
  • Online publication: 15 May 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108954266.012
Available formats
×