One of the most controversial affirmations by the Human Rights Committee in its General Comment 36 on the right to life was that an act of aggression would violate the right to life. This chapter considers the extent to which the Committee’s holding is consistent with the right to life and practicable in the event aggression occurs. In describing the restrictions on inter-State use of force, the author rejects the assertion that application of the rules of jus ad bellum is either beyond the capability of human rights bodies or is inherently politicised.