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6 - Science for Development

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 May 2023

Deepak Kumar
Affiliation:
Jawaharlal Nehru University
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Summary

The real question is not one of quantitative adjustment and balancing of various incongruous elements and methods of production, but a qualitative change-over to something different and new, from which various social consequences flow. The economic and political aspects of this qualitative change are important, but equally important are the social and psychological aspects. In India especially, where we have been wedded far too long to past forms and modes of thought and action, new experiences, new processes, leading to new ideas and new horizons, are necessary.

—Jawaharlal Nehru

The outstanding difficulty is not so much that only a very small percentage of the Hindu population is literate, but rather that only a very small percentage of the literate minority is able to read a journal like Science and Culture and to understand its rational and scientific message. The peace, security and prosperity of India will not be advanced by metaphysical and religious discussions but by the wise application of scientific and rational methods. For the sake of India’s freedom, we hope that the Hindu audience of Science and Culture will increase considerably.

—George Sarton

During the 19th century, the British colonial records and tracts talked about improvement, for example, ‘the moral and material improvement of the natives’. In the next century, the discourse changed to development. A very interesting and ambiguous term, it is still in vogue. Is development an ideology, is it growth, or a process, or a tool to achieve certain ends? Whichever way one looks at it, the economic parameters based on technological sophistication and scientific research weigh heavier. The buzzword now is sustainable development. Techno-scientific knowledge, without doubt, occupies a central role in this discourse. M. Visvesvaraya (1860–1962), engineer extraordinaire, was probably the first Indian to talk about planned development in 1918. He had built the Krishna Raja Sagara dam in Mysore with remarkable tenacity. He gave the slogan, ‘Industrialize or Perish’. Years before him, a British official, Alfred Chatterton had pleaded for and written pamphlets and books on the use of machines, small industries, irrigation, and so on.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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  • Science for Development
  • Deepak Kumar, Jawaharlal Nehru University
  • Book: Science and Society in Modern India
  • Online publication: 23 May 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009350617.007
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  • Science for Development
  • Deepak Kumar, Jawaharlal Nehru University
  • Book: Science and Society in Modern India
  • Online publication: 23 May 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009350617.007
Available formats
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To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Science for Development
  • Deepak Kumar, Jawaharlal Nehru University
  • Book: Science and Society in Modern India
  • Online publication: 23 May 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009350617.007
Available formats
×