Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-cjp7w Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-23T06:32:44.387Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Johnsongrass Control, Total Nonstructural Carbohydrates in Rhizomes, and Regrowth After Application of Herbicides Used in Herbicide-Resistant Corn (Zea mays)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

William G. Johnson ,
Jianmei Li  and
Jimmy D. Wait
William G. Johnson*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
Jianmei Li
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
Jimmy D. Wait
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: johnsonwg@missouri.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, glyphosate, glufosinate, imazethapyr plus imazapyr, and quizalofop on johnsongrass biomass reduction, rhizome total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) content, and subsequent regrowth from rhizomes. In the greenhouse, johnsongrass plants originating from rhizome segments were controlled 88 to 97% with quizalofop, glyphosate, imazethapyr plus imazapyr, nicosulfuron, and primisulfuron and 56% with glufosinate 3 wk after treatment (WAT). Johnsongrass treated with quizalofop, glyphosate, and nicosulfuron did not regrow 6 WAT, whereas plants treated with primisulfuron, imazethapyr plus imazapyr, and glufosinate regrew from the rhizome of the treated plant. Rhizome TNC levels 3 WAT were not reduced by glufosinate or nicosulfuron, but they were reduced 64% by quizalofop, 32% by primisulfuron, 61% by glyphosate, and 29% by imazethapyr plus imazapyr. When rhizome TNC was reduced by 60% or more compared with nontreated plants, johnsongrass did not regrow from the treated rhizomes. In field experiments, nicosulfuron and glyphosate controlled johnsongrass 94 and 99%, respectively, whereas imazethapyr plus imazapyr (79%) and glufosinate (85%) provided less control 6 WAT.

Keywords

Glufosinateglyphosateimazapyrimazethapyrnicosulfuronprimisulfuronquizalofopjohnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. #3 SORHABiomass reductioncarbohydrate analysiscorn yieldfresh weightDAT, days after treatmentPOST, postemergenceTNC, total nonstructural carbohydrateWAT, weeks after treatment
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 17 , Issue 1 , March 2003 , pp. 36 - 41
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Bendixen, L. E. 1986. Corn (Zea mays) yield relation to johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) population. Weed Sci. 34: 449–451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, F. J. and Pitre, H. N. 1968. Studies on the field biology of Graminella nigrofrons, a vector of corn stunt virus in Mississippi. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 61: 1423–1427.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, F. J. and Pitre, H. N. 1969. Greenhouse studies of host plant suitability to Graminella nigrifrons, a vector of corn stunt virus. J. Econ. Entomol. 62: 126–130.Google Scholar
Brown, S. M., Chandler, J. M., and Morrison, J. E. Jr. 1988. Glyphosate for johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) control in no-till sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Weed Sci. 36: 510–513.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Camacho, R. F. and Moshier, L. J. 1991. Absorption, translocation, and activity of CGA-136872, DPX-V9360, and glyphosate in rhizome johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense). Weed Sci. 39: 354–357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Camacho, R. F., Moshier, L. J., Morishita, D. W., and Devlin, D. L. 1991. Rhizome johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) control in corn (Zea mays) with primisulfuron and nicosulfuron. Weed Technol. 5: 789–794.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ghosheh, H. Z. and Chandler, J. M. 1998. Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) control system for field corn (Zea mays) utilizing crop rotation and herbicides. Weed Technol. 12: 623–630.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gonzalez, B., Boucaud, J., Slette, J., and Lanlois, J. 1989. Changes in stubble carbohydrate content during regrowth of defoliated perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) on nitrogen levels. Grass Forage Sci. 44: 411–415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordon, D. T. 1977. Maize virus disease in the United States. In Williams, L. E., Gordon, D. T., and Nault, L. R., eds. Proceedings of the Maize Virus Disease Colloqium Workshop; August 16–19, 1976. Wooster, OH: Ohio Agricultural Research Development Center. pp. 45–48.Google Scholar
Gubbiga, N. G., Worsham, A. D., and Corbin, F. T. 1996. Investigations into the growth suppressing effect of nicosulfuron-treated johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) on corn (Zea mays). Weed Sci. 44: 640–644.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harwood, J. L. 1991. Lipid synthesis. In Kirkwood, R. C., ed. Target Sites for Herbicide Action. New York: Plenum. pp. 57–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heinze, P. H. and Murneek, A. E. 1940. Comparative accuracy and efficiency in determination of carbohydrates in plant material. Mo. Agric. Exp. Stn. Res. Bull. 314.Google Scholar
Holm, L. G., Plucknett, D. L., Pancho, J. V., and Herberger, J. P. 1977. The World's Worst Weeds, Distribution and Biology. Honolulu, HI: University Press of Hawaii. pp. 54–61.Google Scholar
Johnson, W. G. 1989. Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) control in soybeans (Glycine max) with postemergence herbicides. . University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR. 74 p.Google Scholar
Karsten, H. D. and MacAdam, J. W. 2001. Effect of drought on growth, carbohydrates, and soil water use by perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and white clover. Crop Sci. 41: 156–166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knoke, J. K., Louie, R., Anderson, R. J., and Gordon, D. T. 1983. Spread of maize dwarf mosaic virus from johnsongrass to corn. Plant Dis. 67: 367–370.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Labhart, C., Nosberger, J., and Nelson, C. J. 1983. Photosynthesis and degree of polymerization of fructan during reproductive growth of meadow fescue at two temperatures and two photon flux densities. J. Exp. Bot. 34: 1037–1046.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monks, C. D., Vencill, W. K., Hatton, J. P., McFarland, M. L., and Delaney, D. P. 1998. Johnsongrass response to postemergence herbicides applied the previous year. J. Prod. Agric. 11: 507–509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mousdale, D. M. and Coggins, J. R. 1991. Lipid synthesis. In Kirkwood, R. C., ed. Target Sites for Herbicide Action. New York: Plenum. pp. 29–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, R. G. 1994. Agricultural Field Experiments: Design and Analysis. New York: Marcel Dekker. pp. 205–212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosales-Robles, E., Chandler, J. M., Senseman, S. A., and Prostko, E. P. 1999. Integrated johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) management in field corn (Zea mays) with reduced rates of nicosulfuron and cultivation. Weed Technol. 13: 367–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, D. 1967. Carbohydrates in grasses: II sugar and fructosan composition of the stem bases of bromegrass and timothy at several growth stages and in different plant parts at anthesis. Crop Sci. 7: 62–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, D. 1981. Removing and Analyzing Total Nonstructural Carbohydrates from Plant Tissue. The Research Division of the College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Research Rep. R2107. 13 p.Google Scholar
Steckel, G. J. and DeFelice, M. S. 1995. Reducing johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) interference in corn (Zea mays) with herbicides and cultivation. Weed Technol. 9: 53–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sullivan, J. T. and Sprague, V. G. 1949. The effect of temperature on the growth and composition of the stubble and roots of perennial ryegrass. Plant Physiol. 24: 706–719.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tweedy, M. J. and Kapusta, G. 1995. Nicosulfuron and primisulfuron eradicate rhizome johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in corn (Zea mays) in three years. Weed Technol. 9: 748–753.CrossRefGoogle Scholar