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Accepted manuscript

Adsorption of spray droplets reduced adsorption of dicamba spray droplets on leaves as droplet size increases

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 May 2024

Cody F. Creech*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Dryland Cropping Systems Specialist (ORCID 0000-0002-5334-4814), Panhandle Research, Extension, and Education Center, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 4502 Ave I, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA
Greg R. Kruger
Affiliation:
Vice President of Adjuvant Development, Rosen’s Inc., 14459 New Garden Lane, Carmel, IN 46033 USA
Milena Oliveira
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Panhandle Research, Extension, and Education Center, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 4502 Ave I, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA
Amanda C. Easterly
Affiliation:
Research Associate Professor, High Plains Agricultural Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 3257 Rd 109, Sidney, NE 69162 USA
*
Author for correspondence: Cody F. Creech; Email: ccreech2@unl.edu
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Abstract

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Off-target movement of growth regulator herbicides can cause severe injury to susceptible plants. Apart from not spraying on windy days or at excessive boom heights, making herbicide applications using nozzles that produce large droplets is the preferred method for reducing herbicide drift. Although large droplets maintain a higher velocity and are more likely to reach the leaf surface in windy conditions, their ability to remain on the leaf surface is poorly understood. Upon impact with the leaf surface, droplets may shatter, bounce, roll-off, or be retained on a leaf surface. We examined how different nozzles, pressures, and adjuvants impact spray droplet adsorption on the leaf surface of common lambsquarters and soybean. Plants were grown in a greenhouse and sprayed in a spray chamber. Three nozzles (XR, AIXR, and TTI) were evaluated at 138, 259, and 379 kPa. Dicamba (0.14 kg ae ha⁻¹) was applied alone and with methylated seed oil (MSO), a non-ionic surfactant, silicone-based adjuvant, crop oil concentrate, or a drift reduction adjuvant. A 1, 3, 6, 8-pyrene tetra sulfonic acid tetra sodium salt was added as a tracer. Dicamba spray droplet adsorption when using the XR nozzle, which produced the smallest spray droplets, was 1.75 times greater than when applied with the TTI nozzle with the largest spray droplets. Applying dicamba with MSO increased adsorption on leaf surfaces nearly four times the amount achieved without an adjuvant. The lowest application pressure (138 kPa) increased dicamba spray volume adsorbed more than 10% compared to the higher pressures 259 and 379 kPa. By understanding the impacts of these application parameters on dicamba spray droplet adsorption, applicators can select application parameters, equipment, and adjuvants that will maximize the amount of dicamba spray volume retained on the target leaf surface while minimizing dicamba spray drift.

Type
Research Article
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2024