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Tracer Studies by 14C-labeled Herbicides, DMSO, and Surfactant

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

D. W. Jones  and
C. L. Foy
D. W. Jones
Affiliation:
Dep. of Plant Pathol. and Physiol., Virginia Polytech. Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
C. L. Foy
Affiliation:
Dep. of Plant Pathol. and Physiol., Virginia Polytech. Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
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Abstract

Primary leaves of 17-day-old-bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ‘Black Valentine’) were treated with 14C-labeled dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba), 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-dipyridinium salt (paraquat), and 2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino-s-triazine (atrazine). Each herbicide was tested alone, and in combination with 30% DMSO, 0.25% Tween 80 (nonionic surfactant containing polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate), or both. DMSO at concentrations of 25% or more caused varying degrees of acute toxicity. However, a small amount of radioactive carbon generally was distributed throughout the plant 5 days after application of DMSO-14C, as determined by autoradiography and counting. Tween 80 enhanced whereas DMSO had little effect on the absorption and translocation of dicamba, a phloem-mobile herbicide. The contact toxicity and apoplastic movement of paraquat was increased with DMSO. Tween 80 enhanced eight-fold and DMSO, two-fold, the foliar uptake and (apoplastic) movement of atrazine within the treated leaves.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 20 , Issue 1 , January 1972 , pp. 81 - 86
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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