Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-42gr6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T01:06:47.324Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A Rapid, Sensitive Soil Bioassay for Sulfonylurea Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Shay L. Sunderland ,
Paul W. Santelmann  and
Todd A. Baughman
Shay L. Sunderland
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 74078
Paul W. Santelmann
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 74078
Todd A. Baughman
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 74078
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The concentration of three sulfonylurea herbicides in soil was determined by a modified petri dish bioassay procedure. The method involved planting pregerminated seed of selected species in petri dishes containing 65 to 100 g of treated soil and measuring the radicle lengths after 24 h. Chlorimuron was detected in two soils at 0.002 μg g–1 using either corn, sorghum, or sicklepod as the assay species. Chlorsulfuron and CGA-131036 were detected in soils at 0.001 μg g–1 using corn, and chlorsulfuron was detected at the same level using sicklepod. In contrast to other methods, the bioassay procedure described could be completed in 48 h, including pregermination of the seed, growth of the plants on treated soil, and plant measurements.

Keywords

Corn, Zea mays L. ‘Funk G4673A’sorghum, Sorghum bicolor L. Moench. ‘Funk 522A’sicklepod, Cassia obtusifolia L. # CASOBchlorimuron, 2-[[[[(4-chloro-6 - methoxy - 2 - primidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoic acidchlorsulfuron, 2-chloro-N-[[(4 - methoxy - 6 - methyl - 1,3,5 - triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzenesulfonamideCGA-131036, 2,2 - (2-chloroethoxy) - N - [[(4-methoxy-6-methylamino]carbonyl]benzenesulfonamideAssaychlorsulfuronchlorimuronCGA-131036Zea maysSorghum bicolorCassia obtusifoliaCASOB
Type
Special Topics
Information
Weed Science , Volume 39 , Issue 2 , June 1991 , pp. 296 - 298
Copyright
Copyright © 1991 Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Anderson, R. L. and Barrett, M. R. 1985. Residual phytotoxicity of chlorsulfuron in two soils. J. Environ. Qual. 14:111–114.Google Scholar
2. Anderson, R. L. and Humburg, N. E. 1987. Field duration of chlorsulfuron bioactivity in the central great plains. J. Environ. Qual. 16:263–266.Google Scholar
3. Beckie, H. J. and McKercher, R. B. 1989. Soil residual properties of DPX-A7881 under laboratory conditions. Weed Sci. 37:412–418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Eleftherohorinos, I. G. 1987. Phytotoxicity and persistence of chlorsulfuron as affected by activated charcoal. Weed Res. 27:443–452.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Fredrickson, D. R. and Shea, P. J. 1986. Effect of soil pH on degradation, movement, and plant uptake of chlorsulfuron. Weed Sci. 34:328–332.Google Scholar
6. Gallandt, E. R., Fay, P. F., and Inskeep, W. P. 1989. Clomazone dissipation in two Montana soils. Weed Technol. 3:146–150.Google Scholar
7. Groves, K.E.M. and Foster, R. K. 1985. A corn (Zea mays L.) bioassay technique for measuring chlorsulfuron levels in three Saskatchewan soils. Weed Sci. 33:825–828.Google Scholar
8. Gunther, P., Rahman, A., and Pestemer, W. 1989. Quantitative bioassays for determining residues and availability to plants of sulfonylurea herbicides. Weed Res. 29:141–146.Google Scholar
9. Hsiao, A. I. and Smith, A. E. 1983. A root bioassay procedure for the determination of chlorsulfuron, diclofop acid and sethoxydim residues in soil. Weed Res. 23:231–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Horowitz, M. 1976. Application of bioassay techniques to herbicide investigations. Weed Res. 16:209–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Kratky, B. A. and Warren, G. F. 1971. The use of three simple, rapid bioassays on forty-two herbicides. Weed Res. 11:157–262.Google Scholar
12. Lavy, T. L. and Santelmann, P. W. 1986. Herbicide bioassay as a research tool. Pages 201—218 in Camper, N. D., ed. Research Methods in Weed Science, 3rd Edition. South. Weed Sci. Soc., Champaign, IL.Google Scholar
13. Mersie, W. and Foy, C. L. 1986. Adsorption, desorption, and mobility of chlorsulfuron in soils. J. Agric. Food Chem. 34:89–92.Google Scholar
14. Monks, C. D. and Banks, P. A. 1989. Effect of straw ash and tillage on chlorimuron dissipation. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 42:344–347.Google Scholar
15. Morishita, D. W., Thill, D. C., Flom, D. G., Campbell, T. C., and Lee, G. A. 1985. Method for bioassaying chlorsulfuron in soil and water. Weed Sci. 33:420–423.Google Scholar
16. Moyer, J. R., Bergen, P., and Kozub, G. C. 1989. Chlorsulfuron persistence and response of legumes in an alkaline soil. J. Environ. Sci. Health B24:37–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Santelmann, P. W., Weber, J. B., and Wiese, A. F. 1971. A study of soil bioassay technique using prometryne. Weed Sci. 19:170–174.Google Scholar
18. Streibig, J. C. 1988. Herbicide bioassay. Weed Res. 28:479–484.CrossRefGoogle Scholar