Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-skm99 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T10:15:08.973Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Growth and Yield of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) and Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) Sprayed with Low Rates of Sulfonylurea and Phenoxy Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

David R. Gealy ,
Chris M. Boerboom  and
Alex G. Ogg Jr.
David R. Gealy
Affiliation:
USDA, Agric. Res. Serv., 165 Johnson Hall, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164-6416
Chris M. Boerboom
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop and Soil Sci., 165 Johnson Hall, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164-6416
Alex G. Ogg Jr.
Affiliation:
USDA, Agric. Res. Serv., 165 Johnson Hall, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164-6416
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Drift of sulfonylurea and phenoxy herbicides from spring cereal fields to nearby spring pea and lentil crops was simulated by spraying pea and lentil with 2,4-D or the 2:1 commercial mixture of thifensulfuron and tribenuron at rates of 0, 0.33, 1, 3.3, or 10% of the use rates (X) for spring cereal crops approximately 3 and 5 wk after planting pea and lentil. 2,4-D had minimal inhibitory effects on both crops at all rates tested. Lentil was slightly more sensitive than pea to 10% X 2,4-D. Thifensulfuron:tribenuron had no effect on either crop at rates less than 3.3% X. Two weeks after application of thifensulfuron:tribenuron, 10% X, and to a lesser degree 3.3% X rates, caused newly emerged leaves to become chlorotic, reducing chlorophyll content 25 to 50%. These treatments also reduced net photosynthesis by 37% and reduced or halted growth of the main stem. Early formation of leaves was reduced, thus tripling light penetration through the canopy. Five to six weeks after application, 10% X thifensulfuron:tribenuron had, in some treatments, more than tripled branching in pea, more than quadrupled branching in lentil, and reduced biomass as much as 42%. Flowering and maturity were delayed. Plants recovered from stunting by thifensulfuron:tribenuron to varying degrees depending on environmental conditions, and final seed yield generally was reduced less than 25%. In controlled greenhouse experiments, rate response to thifensulfuron generally was similar to that observed in field experiments. Pea was stunted less at 30 C than at 10 C, whereas lentil was affected similarly at these temperatures. Overall, visual symptoms from thifensulfuron:tribenuron exposure were more pronounced in pea than in lentil and were detectable at levels substantially lower than those that affected final seed yields.

Keywords

Tribenuron, 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)methylamino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoic acidthifensulfuron, 3-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid2,4-D, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid‘Columbian’ Pea, Pisum sativum L.‘Brewer’ lentil, Lens culinaris L.Chemical trespassdriftphototoxicitychlorosis
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 43 , Issue 4 , December 1995 , pp. 640 - 647
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

LITERATURE CITED

1. Adams, D. F., Jackson, C. M., and Bamesburger, W. L. 1964. Quantitative studies on 2,4-D esters in the air. Weeds. 12:280–283.Google Scholar
2. Al-Khatib, K., Gealy, D. R., and Boerboom, C. M. 1994. Effect of thifensulfuron concentration and droplet size on phytotoxicity, absorption and concentration in pea (Pisum sativum). Weed Sci. 42:482–486.Google Scholar
3. Al-Khatib, K., Mink, G. I., Reisenauer, G., Parker, R., Westberg, H., and Lamb, B. 1993. Development of a biologically-based system for detection and tracking of airborne herbicides. Weed Technol. 7:404–410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Al-Khatib, K., Parker, R., and Fuerst, E. P. 1992. Foliar absorption and translocation of herbicides from aqueous solution and treated soil. Weed Sci. 40:281–287.Google Scholar
5. Bailey, J. A. and Kapusta, G. 1993. Soybean (Glycine max) tolerance to simulated drift of nicosulfuron and primisulfuron. Weed Technol. 7:740–745.Google Scholar
6. Beyer, E. M. Jr., Duffy, M. J., Hay, J. V., and Schlueter, D. D. 1988. Sulfonylureas. Pages 117–189 in Kearney, P. C. and Kaufman, D. D., eds. Herbicides: Chemistry, Degradation, and Mode of Action. vol. 3, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.Google Scholar
7. Clore, W. J. 1972. 2,4-D on Concord grapes. Pages 29–32 in Wash. State Grape Soc. Proc., Grandview, WA.Google Scholar
8. Farwell, S. O., Robinson, E., Powell, W. J., and Adams, D. F. 1976. Survey of airborne 2,4-D in south-central Washington. J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 26:224–230.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9. Gealy, D. R. 1987. Gas exchange properties of jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica). Weed Sci. 35:482–489.Google Scholar
10. Halstead, S. J., Gealy, D. R., and Ogg, A. G. Jr. 1989. Response of peas and lentils to sublethal doses of sulfonylureas, 2,4-D and bromoxynil. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 42:147–148.Google Scholar
11. Holden, M. 1976. Chlorophylls. Pages 1–37 in Goodwin, T. W., ed., Chemistry and Biochemistry of plant pigments. vol. 2. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
12. Mallory-Smith, C. A. and Thill, D. C. 1993. Simulated thifensulfuron-tribenuron drift injury to spring peas. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 46:11.Google Scholar
13. Ogg, A. G. Jr., Ahmedullah, M. A., and Wright, G. M. 1991. Influence of repeated applications of 2,4-D on yield and juice quality of concord grapes (Vitis labruscana). Weed Sci. 39:284–295.Google Scholar
14. Pacific Northwest Weed Control Handbook. Cooperative Extension, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164.Google Scholar
15. Robinson, E. and Fox, L. L. 1978. 2,4-D herbicides in central Washington. J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 28:1015–1020.Google Scholar
16. Statistical Analysis System. Copyright, 1989. SAS Institute, Cary, NC 27511-8000.Google Scholar
17. Stidham, M. A. 1991. Herbicides that inhibit acetohydroxyacid synthase. Weed Sci. 39:428–434.Google Scholar
18. Wall, D. A. 1994. Potato (Solanum tuberosum) response to simulated drift of dicamba, clopyralid, and tribenuron. Weed Sci. 42:110–114.Google Scholar