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Germination and emergence of common beggar’s-tick (Bidens alba) seeds at two different stages of afterripening as affected by environmental factors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 June 2020

Jialin Yu Open the ORCID record for Jialin Yu [Opens in a new window] ,
Shaun M. Sharpe  and
Nathan S. Boyd
Jialin Yu
Affiliation:
Professor, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Shaun M. Sharpe
Affiliation:
Research Scientist, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada/Government of Canada, Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Ottawa, Canada
Nathan S. Boyd*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Nathan S. Boyd, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, 33598. (Email: nsboyd@ufl.edu)
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Abstract

Experiments were conducted to determine the effect of various environmental factors and burial depth on germination and seedling emergence of common beggar’s-tick [Bidens alba (L.) DC.] seeds at two different stages of afterripening. Mature B. alba seeds were stored at 4 C for 3 to 5 mo (new seed lot) and 13 to 15 mo (old seed lot) until experiment initiation. Germination exponentially decreased with increasing moisture stress. Germination rate decreased from 87 ± 2.9% to 13 ± 6.1% as osmotic potential decreased from 0 to −0.5 MPa and was completely inhibited at osmotic potentials below −0.83 MPa. A large portion of the new seeds tested positively photoblastic, but seeds that had afterripened for 1 additional year were partially desensitized to the light requirement. New and old seeds still germinated to a greater percentage in the presence of light than under continuous dark at temperatures ranging from 15 to 35 C. Both new and old seeds germinated over a range of temperatures from 5 to 35 C, but the optimum temperatures for germination was 15 to 30 C in the presence of light. Regardless of seed lot, seedling emergence was the greatest when seeds were sown at the soil surface. Seedling emergence was abruptly reduced when burial depth was 1 cm or greater. Based on these results, we conclude that shallow cultivation could effectively suppress this population of B. alba from emerging when incorporated into an integrated control strategy. The information obtained in this research identifies some important factors that facilitate the widespread presence of B. alba in Florida and may contribute to weed management programs.

Keywords

Burial depthlightosmotic potentialseedbanktemperature
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 68 , Issue 5 , September 2020 , pp. 503 - 509
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Hilary A. Sandler, University of Massachusetts

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