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Environmental Factors Moderate Glyphosate-induced Antagonism of POST Herbicides on the Rapid Response Biotype of Glyphosate-Resistant Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2018

Nick T. Harre ,
Julie M. Young  and
Bryan G. Young
Nick T. Harre*
Affiliation:
Visiting Scientist, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Julie M. Young
Affiliation:
Researcher, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Bryan G. Young
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Nick T. Harre, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907. (E-mail: nharre4@gmail.com)
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Abstract

In the rapid response (RR) biotype of glyphosate-resistant (GR) giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.), exposure to glyphosate elicits H2O2 production in mature leaves, resulting in foliage loss and reduced glyphosate translocation. When glyphosate is applied with POST herbicides intended to improve control of A. trifida, the RR to glyphosate has the propensity to antagonize these herbicide combinations. This research documents how transient changes in air temperature, soil moisture, and light intensity during a 6-d period surrounding herbicide application regulate induction of the RR and the effect on POST herbicide interactions with glyphosate. Air temperature had the greatest influence on H2O2 accumulation in leaf disks following treatment with glyphosate, as plants at 30 C produced more than twice the amount of H2O2 at 2.5 h after treatment compared with 10 C. Plants under field capacity conditions accumulated nearly 50% more H2O2 than those at one-third field capacity, while those under no shade had only 18% more H2O2 compared with those in a shaded environment. Despite these initial results, dry weight reduction at 21 d after treatment never differed by more than 8% between levels of environmental factors, thus indicating a negligible influence on glyphosate efficacy. The magnitude of glyphosate-induced antagonism was generally greater at 30 C (12% to 21% less than expected control) versus 10 C (11% to 16%) on atrazine, cloransulam, dicamba, and topramezone and was greater at field capacity (20% to 24%) versus one-third field capacity (11% to 15%) on cloransulam and topramezone. These results indicate air temperatures and soil moisture levels conducive to optimal plant growth accelerate the RR to glyphosate, thereby increasing the likelihood of glyphosate-induced antagonism on several translocated herbicides.

Keywords

Ramon G. Leon, North Carolina State UniversityH2O2herbicide interactionshydrogen peroxidelactofenlight intensitysoil moisturetemperature.
Type
Physiology/Chemistry/Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 66 , Issue 3 , May 2018 , pp. 301 - 309
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2018 

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