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Effects of Soil Types on Phytotoxic Activity of Pretilachlor in Combination with Sunflower Leaf Extracts on Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Masilamany Dilipkumar ,
Mat Arshad Adzemi  and
Tse Seng Chuah
Masilamany Dilipkumar*
Affiliation:
Pest and Disease Management Program, Rice and Industrial Crop Research Center, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Station Telong, 16310 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia
Mat Arshad Adzemi
Affiliation:
Department of Agro-technology, Faculty of Agro-technology and Food Science, University of Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
Tse Seng Chuah
Affiliation:
Department of Agro-technology, Faculty of Agro-technology and Food Science, University of Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: dilip@mardi.gov.my
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Abstract

The increasing use of synthetic chemicals for pest control in rice has become an overwhelming economical border, and more important, it could pose a serious threat of the environment. In addition, the extensive use of synthetic herbicides has been the cause for the evolution of herbicide-resistant barnyardgrass worldwide. This weed species is the most competitive weed in rice after the red rice. Thus, this study was conducted to examine the combination effects of aqueous sunflower leaf extracts with lower rate of pretilachlor on barnyardgrass emergence and growth in Marang (sandy loam) and Seberang (silt loamy) soil series under glasshouse conditions. Interestingly, the ED95 values (rate that causes 95% inhibition) of pretilachlor for emergence and shoot fresh weight (SFW) of barnyardgrass were reduced by 79 and 82%, respectively, when being mixed with sunflower leaf extracts in Marang series. In contrast, the addition of sunflower leaf extracts increased ED95 value of pretilachlor in Seberang series. Rice seedlings at 4 and 8 d after sowing (DAS) were found to be tolerant to this mixture treatment. However, root growth of rice seedlings were inhibited at 0 and 2 DAS. These results suggest that sunflower leaf extracts have potential to reduce rate of pretilachlor for inhibiting emergence and growth of barnyardgrass without injuring rice seedlings in rice fields depending on soil types and growth stage of rice.

Keywords

Pretilachlor, 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(2-propoxyethyl)acetamidebarnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv., ECHCGrice and red rice biotype, Oryza sativa Lsunflower, Helianthus annuus LAllelopathyallelochemical-soil interactionssoil factorsPRE herbicide
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 60 , Issue 1 , March 2012 , pp. 126 - 132
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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