Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xm8r8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-25T01:48:56.408Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of Glyphosate on the Metabolism of Phenolic Compounds: VII. Root-Fed Amino Acids and Glyphosate Toxicity in Soybean (Glycine max) Seedlings

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

S. O. Duke  and
R. E. Hoagland
S. O. Duke
Affiliation:
South. Weed Sci. Lab., Agric. Res., Sci. Ed. Admin., U.S. Dep. Agric., Stoneville, MS 38776
R. E. Hoagland
Affiliation:
South. Weed Sci. Lab., Agric. Res., Sci. Ed. Admin., U.S. Dep. Agric., Stoneville, MS 38776
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Several regimes of supplying exogenous aromatic amino acids to intact, 3-day-old, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Hill’] seedlings by root uptake were tested to determine if growth retardation caused by root-fed, 0.5 mM glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] could be reversed. Generally, root-fed levels of aromatic amino acids just below growth-retarding levels (e.g. 1 mM phenylalanine + 0.1 mM tyrosine) reversed root growth inhibition caused by glyphosate to a small (ca. 10%) but significant extent. Feeding aromatic amino acids for 1 to 3 days before glyphosate exposure did not enhance the reversal. Uptake and metabolism of root-fed, aromatic amino acids in control and glyphosate-treated plants were verified by increased levels of hydroxyphenolic compounds (end products of aromatic amino acid metabolism) and by uptake and incorporation of 14C-labeled phenylalanine and tyrosine. On a fresh weight basis, glyphosate had no inhibitory effect on uptake or incorporation of these amino acids into protein or secondary phenolic compounds. After 3 days of exposure, glyphosate had no substantial effects on shikimate dehydrogenase activity in control or aromatic amino acid-fed seedlings. These data suggest that either root-fed aromatic amino acids are compartmentalized differently than the endogenous pools affected by glyphosate or that root-fed glyphosate exerts most of its effect on growth of soybean seedlings through means other than inhibition of aromatic amino acid synthesis.

Keywords

N-(phosphonomethyl)glycinearomatic amino acidssecondary metabolismherbicide
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 29 , Issue 3 , May 1981 , pp. 297 - 302
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Amrhein, N., Deys, B., Gehrke, P., and Steinrücken, H. C. 1980. The site of the inhibition of the shikimate pathway by glyphosate. II. Interference of glyphosate with chorismate formation in vivo and in vitro . Plant Physiol. 66:830–834.Google Scholar
2. Amrhein, N., Schab, J., and Steinrücken, H. C. 1980. The mode of action of the herbicide glyphosate. Naturwissenschaften. 67:356–357.Google Scholar
3. Balinsky, D. and Dennis, A. W. 1970. Shikimate dehydrogenase. Methods Enzymol. 17:354–359.Google Scholar
4. Baur, J. R. 1979. Effect of glyphosate on auxin transport in corn and cotton tissues. Plant Physiol. 63:882–886.Google Scholar
5. Baur, J. R. 1979. Reduction of glyphosate-induced tillering in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) by several chemicals. Weed Sci. 27:69–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Berlin, J. and Vollmer, B. 1979. Effects of α-aminooxy-β-phenyl-propionic acid on phenylalanine metabolism in p-fluorophenylalanine sensitive and resistant tobacco cells. Z. Naturforsch. 34c: 770–775.Google Scholar
7. Berlin, J. and Widholm, J. M. 1978. Amino acid analog resistant cell lines. A tool for studying secondary metabolism in plant cell cultures? Pages 171–176 in Altermann, A. W. and Reinhart, E., eds. Production of Natural Compounds by Cell Culture Methods. Federal Ministry for Research and Technology (FRG), Munich.Google Scholar
8. Blume, D. E. and McClure, J. W. 1980. Developmental effects of Sandoz 6706 on activities of enzymes of phenolic and general metabolism in barley shoots grown in the dark or under low or high intensity light. Plant Physiol. 65:238–244.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9. Brecke, B. J. and Duke, W. B. 1980. Effect of glyphosate on intact bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and isolated cells. Plant Physiol. 66:656–659.Google Scholar
10. Duke, S. O. and Hoagland, R. E. 1978. Effects of glyphosate on metabolism of phenolic compounds. I. Induction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in dark-grown maize roots. Plant Sci. Lett. 11:185–190.Google Scholar
11. Duke, S. O., Hoagland, R. E., and Elmore, C. D. 1979. Effects of glyphosate on metabolism of phenolic compounds. IV. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, free amino acids, and soluble hydroxyphenolic compounds in axes of light-grown soybeans. Physiol. Plant. 46:307–317.Google Scholar
12. Duke, S. O., Hoagland, R. E., and Elmore, C. D. 1980. Effects of glyphosate on metabolism of phenolic compounds. V. L-α-aminooxy-β-phenylpropionic acid and glyphosate effects on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. Plant Physiol. 65:17–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13. Duke, S. O. and Naylor, A. W. 1976. Light effects on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase substrate levels and turnover rates in maize seedlings. Plant Sci. Lett. 6:361–367.Google Scholar
14. Ekanayake, A., Wickremasinghe, R. L., and Liyanage, H. D. S. 1979. Studies on the mechanism of herbicidal action of N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine. Weed Res. 19:39–43.Google Scholar
15. Gresshoff, P. M. 1979. Growth inhibition by glyphosate and reversal of its action by phenylalanine and tyrosine. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 6:177–85.Google Scholar
16. Gresshoff, P. M. 1979. Growth inhibition of Arabidopsis thaliana by glyphosate and its reversal by aromatic amino acids. Arabidopsis Inf. Serv. 16:73–75.Google Scholar
17. Haderlie, L. C., Slife, F. W., and Butler, H. S. 1978. 14C-glyphosate absorption and translocation in germinating maize (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) seeds and in soybean plants. Weed Res. 18:269–273.Google Scholar
18. Haderlie, L. C., Widholm, J. M., and Slife, F. W. 1977. Effect of glyphosate on carrot and tobacco cells. Plant Physiol. 60:40–43.Google Scholar
19. Hoagland, R. E. 1980. Effects of glyphosate on metabolism of phenolic compounds. VI. Effects of glyphosine and glyphosate metabolites on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, growth, and protein, chlorophyll, and anthocyanin levels in soybean seedlings. Weed Sci. 28:393–400.Google Scholar
20. Hoagland, R. E., Duke, S. O., and Elmore, C. D. 1978. Effects of glyphosate on metabolism of phenolic compounds. II. Influence on soluble hydroxyphenolic compounds, free amino acid and soluble protein levels in dark-grown maize roots. Plant Sci. Lett. 13:291–299.Google Scholar
21. Hoagland, R. E., Duke, S. O., and Elmore, C. D. 1979. Effects of glyphosate on metabolism of phenolic compounds. III. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, free amino acids, soluble protein and hydroxyphenolic compounds in axes of dark-grown soybeans. Physiol. Plant. 46:357–366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22. Holländer, H. and Amrhein, N. 1980. The site of inhibition of the shikimate pathway by glyphosate. I. Inhibition by glyphosate of phenylpropanoid synthesis in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.). Plant Physiol. 66:823–829.Google Scholar
23. Hollander, H., Klitz, H.-H., and Amrhein, N. 1979. Interference of L-α-aminooxy-β-phenylpropionic acid with phenylalanine metabolism in buckwheat. Z. Naturforsch. 34c:1162–1173.Google Scholar
24. Jaworski, E. G. 1972. Mode of action of N-phosphonomethylglycine: inhibition of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis. J. Agric. Food Chem. 20:1195–1198.Google Scholar
25. Killmer, J. L., Widholm, J. M., and Slife, F. W. 1980. Reversal of glyphosate inhibition of carrot cell suspension cultures. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 34:4.Google Scholar
26. Kramling, T. E. and Singleton, V. L. 1969. An estimate of the non-flavonoid phenols in wines. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 20:86–92.Google Scholar
27. Lieberman, M. 1979. Biosynthesis and action of ethylene. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 30:533–591.Google Scholar
28. Nilsson, G. 1977. Effects of glyphosate content on the amino acid content in spring wheat plants. Swed. J. Agric. Res. 7:153–157.Google Scholar
29. Roisch, V. and Lingens, F. 1974. Effect of the herbicide N-phosphonomethylglycine on the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. Angew. Chem. 13:400.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
30. Roisch, V. and Lingens, F. 1980. Zum Wirkungmechanismus des Herbizids N-(Phosphonomethyl)glycin. Einfluss von N-(Phosphonomethy)glycin auf das Wachstum und auf die Enzyme der Aromatenbiosynthese von Escherichia coli . Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 361:1049–1058.Google Scholar
31. Shaner, D. L. and Lyon, J. L. 1980. Early effects of glyphosate on free amino acid levels in bean leaves. Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. 1980:93.Google Scholar
32. Shaner, D. L. and Lyon, J. L. 1980. Interaction of glyphosate with aromatic amino acids on transpiration in Phaseolus vulgaris . Weed Sci. 28:31–35.Google Scholar
33. Singleton, Y. L. and Rossi, J. A. Jr. 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotunstic acid reagents. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 16:144–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
34. Steinrücken, H. C. and Amrhein, N. 1980. The herbicide glyphosate is a potent inhibitor of 5-enolpyruvylshikimic acid-3-phosphate synthase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 94:1207–1212.Google Scholar
35. Tymonko, J. M. and Foy, C. L. 1978. Inhibition of protein synthesis by glyphosate. Plant Physiol. 61:S-41.Google Scholar