Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-tn8tq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-19T08:18:07.009Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Potassium Nitrate and Ethephon on Fate of Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Seed in Soil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Stephen W. Adkins  and
Andrea L. Adkins
Stephen W. Adkins
Affiliation:
Dep. Agric., Univ. Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
Andrea L. Adkins
Affiliation:
Dep. Agric., Univ. Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A study under glasshouse conditions determined the effect of germination stimulants, potassium nitrate and ethephon, on emergence of several pure lines of wild oat from soil. Effect of the two chemicals on stimulating emergence was variable and no synergism noted when used together. Examination of exhumed seed showed that these treatments reduced seed viability. By counting the number of dead and adding to those that emerged, total seed removed from the soil was obtained. All treatments removed seed from the soil seedbank, especially when seed was old, near the soil surface, was primary seed, or from low or intermediate dormancy lines. However, because of the insensitivity of a large proportion of the seed and the high rates required it is unlikely that either potassium nitrate or ethephon has practical use for field application.

Keywords

Ethephon, 2-chloroethylphosphonic acidwild oat, Avena fatua # AVEFADormancyburial depthseed longevityseed hullweed seedbankAVEFA
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 42 , Issue 3 , September 1994 , pp. 353 - 357
Copyright
Copyright © 1994 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Adkins, S. W. 1981. Studies on the mechanisms of seed dormancy in Avena fatua . PhD Thesis, Univ. Reading.Google Scholar
2. Adkins, S. W. and Ross, J. D. 1981. Studies in wild oat seed dormancy. I. The role of ethylene in dormancy breakage and germination of wild oat (Avena fatua L.). Plant Physiol. 67:358–362.Google Scholar
3. Adkins, S. W., Simpson, G. M., and Naylor, J. M. 1984. The physiological basis of seed dormancy in Avena fatua. III. Action of nitrogenous compounds. Physiol. Plant. 60:227–233.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Adkins, S. W., Simpson, G. M., and Naylor, J. M. 1984. The physiological basis of seed dormancy in Avena fatua. IV. Alternative respiration and nitrogenous compounds. Physiol. Plant. 60:234–238.Google Scholar
5. Adkins, S. W., Simpson, G. M., and Naylor, J. M. 1984. The physiological basis of seed dormancy in Avena fatua. V. Action of ethanol and other organic compounds. Physiol. Plant. 62:18–24.Google Scholar
6. Adkins, S. W. and Simpson, G. M. 1988. The physiological basis of seed dormancy in Avena fatua. IX. Characterization of two dormancy states. Physiol. Plant. 73:15–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Agenbag, G. A. and DeVilliers, O. T. 1989. The effect of nitrogen fertilizers on the germination and seedling emergence of wild oat (A. fatua L.) seed in different soil types. Weed Res. 29:239–245.Google Scholar
8. Bebawi, F. F. and Eplee, R. E. 1986. Efficacy of ethylene as a germination stimulant of Striga hermonthica seed. Weed Sci. 34:694–698.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Bradow, J. M., Connick, W. J. Jr., Pepperman, A. B., and Wartelle, L. H. 1990. Germination stimulation in wild oats (Avena fatua L.) by synthetic strigol analogs and gibberellic acid. J. Plant Growth Regul. 9:35–41.Google Scholar
10. Egley, G. H. 1990. Ethephon reduction of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) seed populations. Weed Technol. 4:808–813.Google Scholar
11. Egley, G. H. and Dale, J. E. 1970. Ethylene, 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, and witchweed germination. Weed Sci. 18:586–589.Google Scholar
12. Fay, P. K. and Gorecki, R. S. 1978. Stimulating germination of dormant wild oat (Avena fatua) seed with sodium azide. Weed Sci. 26:323–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Foley, M. E. 1986. Effect of fusicoccin and gibberellic acid on primary dormant Avena fatua caryopses. Physiol. Plant. 67:690–694.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Goudey, S.J., Saini, H. S., and Spencer, M. S. 1987. Uptake and fate of ethephon [(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid] in dormant weed seeds. Plant Physiol. 85:155–157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Mekki, M. and Leroux, G. D. 1991. False chamomile seed germination requirements and its enhancement by ethephon and nitrate. Weed Sci. 39:385–389.Google Scholar
16. Metzger, J. D. 1983. Promotion of germination of dormant weed seeds by substituted phthalimides and gibberellic acid. Weed Sci. 31:285–289.Google Scholar
17. Naylor, J. M. 1983. Genetic studies on the control of some physiological processes in seeds. Can. J. Bot. 61:3561–3576.Google Scholar
18. Peters, N. C. B. 1978. Factors influencing the emergence and competition of Avena fatua L. with spring barley. PhD Thesis, Univ. Reading.Google Scholar
19. Saini, H. S., Bassi, P. K., and Spencer, M. S. 1985. Interactions among ethephon, nitrate, and afterripening in the release of dormancy of wild oat (Avena fatua) seed. Weed Sci. 34:43–47.Google Scholar
20. Saini, H. S., Bassi, P. K., and Spencer, M. S. 1986. Use of ethylene and nitrate to break seed dormancy of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album). Weed Sci. 34:502–506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21. Sexsmith, J. T. and Pitman, V. J. 1963. Effect of nitrogen fertilization on germination and stand of wild oats. Weeds 11:99–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22. Simpson, G. M. 1965. Dormancy studies in seed of Avena fatua. 4. The role of gibberellin in embryo dormancy. Can. J. Bot. 43:793–796.Google Scholar
23. Taylorson, R. B. 1987. Environmental and chemical manipulation of weed seed dormancy. Rev. Weed Sci. 3:135–154.Google Scholar
24. Tilsner, H. R. and Upadhyaya, M. K. 1985. Induction and release of secondary seed dormancy in genetically pure lines of Avena fatua . Physiol. Plant. 64:377–382.Google Scholar
25. Upadhyaya, M. K., Naylor, J. M., and Simpson, G. M. 1983. The physiological basis of seed dormancy in Avena fatua. II. On the involvement of alternative respiration in the stimulation of germination by sodium azide. Physiol. Plant. 58:119–123.Google Scholar