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Differential activity of allelochemicals from Secale cereale in seedling bioassays

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Nilda R. Burgos  and
Ronald E. Talbert
Ronald E. Talbert
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, 276 Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR, 72704
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Abstract

Differential activities of BOA, DIBOA, and crude water extract of Secale cereale ‘Elbon’ were studied in culture dish bioassays using several vegetable and weed species. On average, DIBOA was about seven times more inhibitory to root growth and four times more inhibitory to shoot growth than BOA. Allelochemicals from S. cereale inhibited shoot more than root elongation of cucurbits Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, and Cucurbita pepo. Small-seeded crops Lycopersicon esculentum and Lactuca sativa were sensitive to S. cereale. Large-seeded crops, including the cucurbits and Zea mays var. rogusa, were tolerant. Among the small-seeded weeds Amaranthus palmeri, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa crus-galli, and Eleusine indica, E. crus-galli was least susceptible. Inhibition of germination by BOA or DIBOA occurred only in small- to medium-seeded species, including A. palmeri, D. sanguinalis, E. indica, L. sativa, L. esculentum, and Sida spinosa. Large-seeded species C. melo, C. sativus, C. melopepo, Z. mays var. rogusa, Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula, Ipomoea lacunosa, and Senna obtusifolia were tolerant to allelochemicals from S. cereale. This bioassay indicated a promising potential for controlling small-seeded weeds in large-seeded crops.

Keywords

BOA, (3H)-benzoxazolinoneDIBOA, 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-(2H)benzoxazine-3-oneEchinochloa crus-galli L. Beauv. ECHCG, barnyardgrassEleusine indica L. Gaertn. ELEIN, goosegrassDigitaria sanguinalis L. Scop. DIGSA, large crabgrassAmaranthus palmeri S. Wats. AMAPA, Palmer amaranthIpomoea lacunosa L. IPOLA, pitted morningglorySida spinosa L. SIDSP, prickly sidaSenna obtusifolia L. CASOB, sicklepodCucumis melo L., cantaloupeCucumis sativus L., cucumberLactuca sativa L., lettuceSecale cereale L., ryeZea mays var. rogusa Bonaf, sweet cornLycopersicon esculentum Mill., tomatoAllelopathyryevegetable cropsBOADIBOAABUTHAMAPACASOBDIGSAELEINECHCGIPOHEIPOLASIDSP
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 48 , Issue 3 , June 2000 , pp. 302 - 310
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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