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Depth of seedling recruitment of five weed species measured in situ in conventional- and zero-tillage fields

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Michelle J. du Croix Sissons ,
Rene C. Van Acker ,
Doug A. Derksen  and
A. Gordon Thomas
Michelle J. du Croix Sissons
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2
Doug A. Derksen
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research Centre, P.O. Box 1000 A, R.R. 3 Brandon, MB, Canada R7A 5Y3
A. Gordon Thomas
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 0X2
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Abstract

Differences in the depth of weed seedling recruitment due to agronomic management practices, such as reduced tillage, have implications for weed competitive ability and management strategies. Depth of seedling recruitment of Avena fatua, Triticum aestivum, Setaria viridis, Polygonum convolvulus, and Echinochloa crus-galli was measured in situ in 1997 and 1998 prior to seeding (preseeding) and before in-crop spraying (prespray) in a total of 44 zero-tillage and 44 conventional-tillage fields located across approximately 3 million ha of southern Manitoba, Canada. For the monocot species, depth of recruitment was measured from the soil surface to the intact seed coats, which marked the point of germination. For P. convolvulus, a dicot, greenhouse studies were conducted prior to sampling in the field to identify a reliable morphological marker indicating the point of germination. For all species, mean recruitment depth was found to be significantly shallower in zero- vs. conventional-tillage fields and significantly shallower in the preseeding vs. the prespray period. There were relatively few differences in mean recruitment depth among weed species. Within a sampling period and tillage system, for example, the greatest difference in mean recruitment depth between species was less than 1.2 cm, and the maximum mean recruitment depth across species, sampling times, and tillage practice was very shallow (less than 4.2 cm). Locating weed seedling recruitment depth is the first step in characterizing weed seedling recruitment microsites. Results indicate this information should be specific to tillage and sampling time.

Keywords

Avena fatua L. AVEFA, wild oatSetaria viridis (L.) Beauv. SETVI, green foxtailTriticum aestivum L. TRZAS, wheatEchinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. ECHCG, barnyardgrassPolygonum convolvulus L. POLCO, wild buckwheatRecruitment depthtillageweed emergenceweed seedlingsmicrositeAVEFASETVITRZASECHCGPOLCO
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 48 , Issue 3 , June 2000 , pp. 327 - 332
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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