Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-mwx4w Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-30T13:55:15.224Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Cotton Planting Date Affects The Critical Period of Benghal Dayflower (Commelina benghalensis) Control

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Theodore M. Webster ,
Timothy L. Grey ,
J. Timothy Flanders  and
A. Stanley Culpepper
Theodore M. Webster*
Affiliation:
Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Tifton, GA 31793-0748
Timothy L. Grey
Affiliation:
University of Georgia, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Tifton, GA 31793-0748
J. Timothy Flanders
Affiliation:
University of Georgia, Berrien County Extension Service, Nashville, GA 31639
A. Stanley Culpepper
Affiliation:
University of Georgia, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Tifton, GA 31793-0748
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: ted.webster@ars.usda.gov
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Benghal dayflower (formerly known as tropical spiderwort) is one of the most troublesome weeds in Georgia cotton. Field studies were conducted from 2003 to 2005 to evaluate the relationship between the duration of Benghal dayflower interference and cotton yield to establish optimum weed-control timing. To determine the critical period of weed control (CPWC), Benghal dayflower interference with cotton was allowed or prohibited in 2-wk intervals between 0 to 12 wk after crop planting. Maximum yield loss from Benghal dayflower in May-planted cotton was 21 to 30% in 2004 and 2005, whereas cotton planting delayed until June resulted in maximum yield losses of 40 to 60%. June-planted cotton had a CPWC of 190 to 800 growing degree days (GDD) in 2004 (52-d interval beginning at 16 d after planting [DAP]) and 190 to 910 GDD in 2005 (59-d interval beginning at 18 DAP). In contrast, May-planted cotton in 2005 had a narrower CPWC interval of 396 to 587 GDD (18 d) that occurred 3 wk later in the growing season (initiated at 39 DAP). May-planted cotton in 2004 did not have a critical range of weed-free conditions. Instead, a single weed removal at 490 GDD (44 DAP) averted a yield loss greater than 5%. It is recommended that fields infested with Benghal dayflower be planted with cotton early in the growing season to minimize weed interference with the crop.

Keywords

Benghal dayflower (tropical spiderwort), Commelina benghalensis L. COMBEcotton, Gossypium hirsutum LCompetitioninterferenceexotic weedFederal Noxious weednonnative weedplanting dateyield loss
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 57 , Issue 1 , February 2009 , pp. 81 - 86
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Ahanchede, A. 1996. Agronomic impacts of the dispersal of two morphological types of Commelina benghalensis L. in Benin. Pages 75–82. in. Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on the Biology of Weeds. Dijon, France Association National la Protein des Plantes (ANPP).Google Scholar
Askew, S. D. and Wilcut, J. W. 2002. Ladysthumb interference and seed production in cotton. Weed Sci. 50:326–332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brecke, B. J., Stephenson, D. O., and Hutto, K. 2005. Impact of tillage and herbicides on tropical spiderwort. Symposium on Tropical Spiderwort/Benghal Dayflower (Commelina benghalensis): An Exotic Invasive Weed in the Southeast United States. http://www.cropsoil.uga.edu/weedsci/tsw2005/index.html. Accessed: February 14, 2007.Google Scholar
Brown, S. M., Whitwell, T., and Street, J. E. 1985. Common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) competition in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Sci. 33:503–506.Google Scholar
Bryson, C. T. 1987. Interference of hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Sci. 35:314–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bryson, C. T. 1990. Interference and critical time of removal of hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Technol. 4:833–837.Google Scholar
Buchanan, G. A. 1977. Weed biology and competition. Pages 25–41. in Truelove, B. Research Methods in Weed Science, 2nd ed. Auburn, AL Southern Weed Science Society.Google Scholar
Buchanan, G. A., Crowley, R. H., and McLaughlin, R. D. 1977. Competition of prickly sida with cotton. Weed Sci. 25:106–110.Google Scholar
Buchanan, G. A. and McLaughlin, R. D. 1975. Influence of nitrogen on weed competition in cotton. Weed Sci. 23:324–328.Google Scholar
Budd, G. D., Thomas, P. E. L., and Allison, J. C. S. 1979. Vegetative regeneration, depth of germination and seed dormancy in Commelina benghalensis L. Rhodesian J. Agric. Res. 17:151–153.Google Scholar
Buhler, D. D. 2002. Challenges and opportunities for integrated weed management. Weed Sci. 50:273–280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bukun, B. 2004. Critical periods for weed control in cotton in Turkey. Weed Res. 44:404–412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burton, M. G. 2005. Demography of Commelina benghalensis in the Southern United States. in Symposium on Tropical Spiderwort/Benghal Dayflower (Commelina benghalensis): An Exotic Invasive Weed in the Southeast United States. http://www.cropsoil.uga.edu/weedsci/tsw2005/index.html. Accessed: February 14, 2007.Google Scholar
Cardina, J., Webster, T. M., Herms, C. P., and Regnier, E. E. 1999. Development of weed IPM: levels of integration for weed management. Pages 239–267. in Buhler, D. D. Expanding the Context of Weed Management. New York Haworth.Google Scholar
Chikoye, D., Weise, S. F., and Swanton, C. J. 1995. Influence of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) time of emergence and density on white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Weed Sci. 43:375–380.Google Scholar
Culpepper, A. S. 2006. Glyphosate-induced weed shifts. Weed Technology. 20:277–281.Google Scholar
Culpepper, A. S., Flanders, J. T., York, A. C., and Webster, T. M. 2004. Tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis) control in glyphosate-resistant cotton. Weed Technol. 18:432–436.Google Scholar
Culpepper, A. S., Flanders, J. T., Webster, T. M., and Prostko, E. P. 2008. University of Georgia 2008 Herbicide Programs for Tropical Spiderwort Control in Cotton. Nashville, GA University of Georgia Cooperative Extension, Circular 923. 2. http://www.cropsoil.uga.edu/weedsci/HomepageFiles/TSW2008.pdf Accessed: July 22, 2008.Google Scholar
Davis, R. F., Webster, T. M., and Brenneman, T. B. 2006. Host status of tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis) for nematodes. Weed Sci. 54:1137–1141.Google Scholar
Desaeger, J. and Rao, M. R. 2000. Parasitic nematode populations in natural fallows and improved cover crops and their effects on subsequent crops in Kenya. Field Crops Res. 65:41–56.Google Scholar
Dieleman, A., Hamill, A. S., Weise, S. F., and Swanton, C. J. 1995. Empirical models of pigweed (Amaranthus spp.) interference in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 43:612–618.Google Scholar
Dieleman, A., Hamill, A. S., Fox, G. C., and Swanton, C. J. 1996. Decision rules for postemergence control of pigweed (Amaranthus spp.) in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 44:126–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, S. P., Knezevic, S. Z., Lindquist, J. L., Shapiro, C. A., and Blankenship, E. E. 2003. Nitrogen application influences the critical period for weed control in corn. Weed Sci. 51:408–417.Google Scholar
Faden, R. B. 2000. Commelina. Pages 192–197. in Morin, N. R. Flora of North America, Volume 22. New York Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Forcella, F. 1997. My view. Weed Sci. 45:327–327.Google Scholar
Glantz, S. A. and Slinker, B. K. 2001. Primer of Applied Regression and Analysis of Variance. 2nd ed. New York McGraw-Hill, Medical Publications Division. 25–28.Google Scholar
Green, J. D., Murray, D. S., and Verhalen, L. M. 1987. Full-season interference of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Sci. 35:813–818.Google Scholar
Higgins, J. M., Walker, R. H., and Whitwell, T. 1986. Coffee senna (Cassia occidentalis) competition with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Sci. 34:52–56.Google Scholar
Holm, L. G., Plucknett, D. L., Pancho, J. V., and Herberger, J. P. 1977. The World's Worst Weeds: Distribution and Biology. Honolulu University Press of Hawaii. 609.Google Scholar
Jost, P. J., Brown, S. M., Culpepper, A. S., Harris, G., Kemeratit, B., Roberts, P., Shurley, D., and Williams, J. 2004. 2004 Georgia Cotton Production Guide. Tifton, GA University of Georgia Cooperative Extension Service Publication CSS-04-01. 103.Google Scholar
Kaul, V., Sharma, N., and Koul, A. K. 2002. Reproductive effort and sex allocation strategy in Commelina benghalensis L., a common monsoon weed. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 140:403–413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klingaman, T. E. and Oliver, L. R. 1994. Influence of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and soybean (Glycine max) planting date on weed interference. Weed Sci. 42:61–65.Google Scholar
Knezevic, S. Z., Weise, S. F., and Swanton, C. J. 1994. Interference of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) in corn (Zea mays). Weed Sci. 42:568–573.Google Scholar
Knezevic, S. Z., Evans, S. P., and Mainz, M. 2003. Row spacing influences the critical timing for weed removal in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technol. 17:666–673.Google Scholar
Knezevic, S. Z., Evans, S. P., Blankenship, E. E., Van Acker, R. C., and Lindquist, J. L. 2002. Critical period for weed control: the concept and data analysis. Weed Sci. 50:773–786.Google Scholar
Krings, A., Burton, M. G., and York, A. C. 2002. Commelina benghalensis (Commelinaceae) new to North Carolina and an updated key to Carolina congeners. Sida. 20:419–422.Google Scholar
Martin, S. G., Van Acker, R. C., and Friesen, L. F. 2001. Critical period of weed control in spring canola. Weed Sci. 49:326–333.Google Scholar
Mbwana, A. S. S., Waudo, S. W., and Seshu-Reddy, K. V. 1995. Host-range of the lesion nematode, Pratylenchus goodeyi, commonly found in highland bananas of East Africa. Int. J. Pest Manag. 41:46–49.Google Scholar
Mercer, K. L., Murray, D. S., and Verhalen, L. M. 1987. Interference of unicorn plant (Proboscidea louisianica) with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Sci. 35:807–812.Google Scholar
Mueller, T. C., Mitchell, P. D., Young, B. G., and Culpepper, A. S. 2005. Proactive versus reactive management of glyphosate-resistant or -tolerant weeds. Weed Technol. 19:924–933.Google Scholar
Narendra, D. V. and Rao, V. G. 1973. New leaf-spot disease of Commelina, Commelina benghalensis L (F- Commelinaceae). Curr. Sci. India. 42:180.Google Scholar
Norsworthy, J. K. and Oliveira, M. J. 2004. Comparison of the critical period for weed control in wide- and narrow-row corn. Weed Sci. 52:802–807.Google Scholar
Papamichail, D., Eleftherohorinos, I., Froud-Williams, R., and Gravanis, F. 2002. Critical periods of weed competition in cotton in Greece. Phytoparasitica. 30:105–111.Google Scholar
Riffle, M. S., Murray, D. S., Verhalen, L. M., and Weeks, D. L. 1989. Duration and intensity of unicorn plant (Proboscidea louisianica) interference with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Technol. 3:313–316.Google Scholar
Rushing, D. W., Murray, D. S., and Verhalen, L. M. 1985a. Weed interference with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), I: buffalobur (Solanum rostratum). Weed Sci. 33:810–814.Google Scholar
Rushing, D. W., Murray, D. S., and Verhalen, L. M. 1985b. Weed interference with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), II: tumble pigweed (Amaranthus albus). Weed Sci. 33:815–818.Google Scholar
Rushing, G. S. and Oliver, L. R. 1998. Influence of planting date on common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) interference in early-maturing soybean (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 46:99–104.Google Scholar
Smith, B. S., Murray, D. S., and Weeks, D. L. 1990. Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) interference with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Technol. 4:799–803.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snipes, C. E., Street, J. E., and Walker, R. H. 1987. Interference periods of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Sci. 35:529–532.Google Scholar
Spader, V. and Vidal, R. A. 2000. Response curve of Commelina benghalensis to EPSPS enzyme inhibitory herbicides. Pesticidas Revista Tecnico Cientifica. 10:125–135.Google Scholar
Steckel, L. E. and Sprague, C. L. 2004. Late-season common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) interference in narrow- and wide-row soybean. Weed Technol. 18:947–952.Google Scholar
Tingle, C. H., Steele, G. L., and Chandler, J. M. 2003. Competition and control of smellmelon (Cucumis melo var. dudaim Naud.) in cotton. Weed Sci. 51:586–591.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M. 2005. Weed survey—southern states: Broadleaf crops subsection. Pages 291–306. in Vencill, W. K. Proceedings of Southern Weed Science Society. Charlotte, NC South. Weed Sci. Soc.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M., Burton, M. G., Culpepper, A. S., Flanders, J. T., Grey, T. L., and York, A. C. 2006. Tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis) control and emergence patterns in preemergence herbicide systems. J. Cotton Sci. 10:68–75.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M., Burton, M. G., Culpepper, A. S., York, A. C., and Prostko, E. P. 2005. Tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis): a tropical invader threatens agroecosystems of the southern United States. Weed Technol. 19:501–508.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M., Faircloth, W. H., Flanders, J. T., Prostko, E. P., and Grey, T. L. 2007. The critical period of Bengal dayflower (Commelina benghalensis) control in peanut. Weed Sci. 55:359–364.Google Scholar
Williams, M. M. 2006. Planting date influences critical period of weed control in sweet corn. Weed Sci. 54:928–933.Google Scholar
Williams, M. M., Ransom, C. V., and Thompson, W. M. 2005. Duration of volunteer potato (Solanum tuberosum) interference in bulb onion. Weed Sci. 53:62–68.Google Scholar
Wilson, A. K. 1981. Commelinaceae—a review of the distribution, biology and control of the important weeds belonging to this family. Trop. Pest Manag. 27:405–418.Google Scholar
Wood, M. L., Murray, D. S., Westerman, R. B., Verhalen, L. M., and Claypool, P. L. 1999. Full-season interference of Ipomoea hederacea with Gossypium hirsutum . Weed Sci. 47:693–696.Google Scholar
Zimdahl, R. L. 1999. My view. Weed Sci. 47:1–1.Google Scholar