Hostname: page-component-7bb8b95d7b-5mhkq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-09-11T14:23:52.288Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Field Comparison of Seven Dinitroaniline Herbicides for Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Seedling Establishment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

R. S. Fawcett  and
R. G. Harvey
R. S. Fawcett
Affiliation:
Dep. of Bot. and Plant Pathol., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011
R. G. Harvey
Affiliation:
Dep. of Agron., Univ. of Wis., Madison, WI 53706
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In a 3-yr field study, seven dinitroaniline herbicides controlled all weeds adequately, except for two species. None of them controlled shepherdspurse [Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic.], and only nitralin [4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylaniline] controlled common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.). EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) was included as a standard of comparison and provided satisfactory control of all weed species. Three-year averages of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) injury ratings at herbicide rates estimated to be equivalent in biological activity to 0.8 kg/ha and 1.7 kg/ha trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) respectively were: butralin [4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine] 0% and 3%, benefin (N-butyl-N-ethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine) 2% and 9%, profluralin [N-(cyclopropylmethyl)-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-p-toluidine] 5% and 19%, AC92390 (N-sec-butyl-2,6-dinitro-3,4-xylidine) 6% and 17%, trifluralin 6% and 26%, fluchloralin [N-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline] 14% and 45%, and nitralin 18% and 49%. EPTC caused an average 4% injury at 3.4 kg/ha. At equivalent rates to 0.8 kg/ha trifluralin, most treatments caused an increase in first cutting alfalfa yields accompanied by a decrease in weed yields, except in 1974 when few treatments resulted in increased alfalfa yields. Alfalfa recovered from early season injury caused by higher rates of the herbicides, so that total alfalfa yields were usually not reduced compared to the control. Total herbage yields (alfalfa + weeds) were not increased by any treatment, and were sometimes decreased, especially by high rates of the herbicides.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 26 , Issue 2 , March 1978 , pp. 123 - 127
Copyright
Copyright © 1978 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Ascheman, R. E. 1967. Small-seeded legumes establishment with preplant incorporated herbicides. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. P. 38.Google Scholar
2. Bayer, G. H. 1968. A three-year summary of weed control for establishment of legume seedings. Proc. Northeast. Weed Control Conf. 22:306–312.Google Scholar
3. Cope, W. A., Waldrep, T. W., Chamblee, D. S., and Lewis, W. M. 1973. Evaluation of herbicides in the establishment of alfalfa, ladino white clover, and crownvetch. Agron. J. 65:820–825.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Dest, W. M., Peters, R. A., and Triolo, A. C. 1974. An evaluation of herbicides for crabgrass control in a new seeding of alfalfa. Proc. Northeast. Weed Control Conf. 28:47–51.Google Scholar
5. Ilnicki, R. D. and Wilson, H. P. 1968. Control of annual weeds in spring-seeded alfalfa with preplant, preemergence, and postemergence herbicides. Proc. Northeast. Weed Control Conf. 22:300–304.Google Scholar
6. Kust, C. A. 1968. Herbicides or oat companion crop for alfalfa establishment and forage yields. Agron. J. 60:151–154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Lay, M. M., Smith, W. F., and Ilnicki, R. D. 1972. Some promising herbicide treatments for weed control in spring-seeded alfalfa. Proc. Northeast. Weed Control Conf. 26:243–250.Google Scholar
8. Linscott, D. L., Hagin, R. D., and Akhavein, A. A. 1967. Weed control during establishment of alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil. Proc. Northeast. Weed Control Conf. 21:270–277.Google Scholar
9. Marten, G. C. and Andersen, R. N. 1975. Forage nutritive value and palatability of 12 common annual weeds. Crop Sci. 15:821–827.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Moline, W. J. and Robinson, L. R. 1971. Effects of herbicides and seeding rates on the production of alfalfa. Agron. J. 63:614–616.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Peters, E. J. 1967. Establishment of spring-sown alfalfa with preemergence and preplanting herbicides. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. P. 38.Google Scholar
12. Peters, R. A. and Yokum, H. C. 1962. Further evaluation of herbicides for weed control in new seedlings of alfalfa. Proc. Northeast. Weed Control Conf. 16:299–302.Google Scholar
13. Sallee, W. R. 1967. Weed control in seedling alfalfa. Calif. Agric. 21:14–16.Google Scholar
14. Wakefield, R. C. and Pearson, J. O. 1965. Control of winter annual weeds in alfalfa seedings. Proc. Northeast. Weed Control Conf. 19:199–203.Google Scholar
15. Wilson, H. P., Ilnicki, R. D., Liu, L. D., and Visinski, E. J. 1966. Preplant, preemergence, and postemergence weed control in spring-seeded and summer-seeded alfalfa. Proc. Northeast. Weed Control Conf. 20:328–333.Google Scholar