^{page 123 note 1} See d'Ailly's account of his dispute with John XXIII, and his justification of himself in Gerson, Charlier de, Opera omnia, ed. Ellies-Dupin, , Antwerp, 1706, vol. II, cols. 951–3.Google Scholar

^{page 125 note 1} Salembier, M. Louis, in the Mémoires de la Société d'Etnulation de Cambrai, vol. LXIV, 1910, dates this tract between 1372 and 1395.Google Scholar

^{page 125 note 2} In MS. only. Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS. latin, no. 14975, ff. 88–101.

^{page 125 note 3} Op. Gers., I, col. 650.Google Scholar

^{page 125 note 4} On this point see DrLittle, A. G., The Grey Friars in Oxford, 1892, p. 231.Google Scholar

^{page 127 note 1} In MS. only. Paris, Bibliothéque Nationale, MS. latin, no. 1571. A revised version of part III is printed in Op. Gers., II, cols. 903–16, and elsewhere as De emendations ecclesiŒ, or De reformatione ecclesiŒ.Google Scholar

^{page 127 note 2} Bibliothéque Nationale, MS. latin, 1571, ff. 23–4.

^{page 127 note 3} Dialogus, pt. I, lib. vi, ca. 85 et seq.Google Scholar

^{page 127 note 4} Bibliothéque Nationale, MS. latin, 14579, f. 93b.

^{page 128 note 1} Von der Hardt, , Rerum concilii oecumenici Constantiensis, Francfort, 1696–1700, vol. II, cols. 224–7.Google Scholar

^{page 129 note 1} …congregatio esset concilium generale reputandum in qua diverse persone gerentes auctoritatem et vicem universarum partium totius sanitatis [sic in the edition of 1494, and in Goldast, , Monarchia, II, 603Google Scholar; ? “societatis”] ad tractandum de communi bono rite conveniunt … Dialogus, pt. I, lib. vi, cap. 85.Google Scholar

^{page 129 note 2} Von der Hardt, , Rer. Cone. oec. Const., II, 221–2.Google Scholar

^{page 129 note 3} Op. Gers., II, 201 et seq.Google Scholar

^{page 130 note 1} Niem, Theodoricus de, Vita Johannis XXIII, II, 3.Google Scholar

^{page 130 note 2} Fincke, , Ada Concilii Constantiensis, III, 156–209.Google Scholar

^{page 130 note 3} Valois, Noël, La France et le grand schisme de l'Occident, Paris, 1896, IV, 309.Google Scholar

^{page 130 note 4} Tertius [casus in quo habet simpliciter aliquis potestatem in papa] est si papa in aliquo crimine fuerit deprehensus de quo scandalisatur ecclesia et ipse incorrigibilem se ostenditur. Dialogus, pt. I, lib. vi, cap. 65.

^{page 130 note 5} Von der Hardt, , Rer. Cone. oec. Const., IV, 280–1.Google Scholar

^{page 131 note 1} Von der Hardt, , Rer. Cone. oec. Const., IV, 136.Google Scholar

^{page 131 note 2} Valois, , La France et le grand schisme de l'Occident, IV, 313.Google Scholar

^{page 132 note 1} De modo et forma eligendi papam. Von der Hardt, , op. cit., IV,Google Scholar 1452 et seq. Also printed in d'Ailly's, Tractus et sermones, Strasbourg, 1490.Google Scholar

^{page 132 note 2} Op. Gers., II, 925–60. It is interesting to find this work, together with a few polemical tracts of the time of Philippe le Bel, some tracts by Gerson, and some by Jacobus Almainus and Johannes Major, including Almainus' commentary on Ockham, used by Edmund Richer as part of his Vindiciae doctrinae majorum scholae Parisiensis …contra defensores monarchiae universalis et dbsolutae Curiae Romanae. An edition was printed by Egmond of Cologne in 1683.Google Scholar

^{page 133 note 1} Op. Gers., II, 925.Google Scholar

^{page 133 note 2} Ibid., 926.

^{page 134 note 1} Op. Gers., II, 928.Google Scholar …potuit dici caput ecclesiae, in quantum principalis est inter ministros, a quo tamen, tanquam a principali hierarcha et architecto, aliquomodo dependet totus ministrorum ecclesiasticus ordo.

^{page 134 note 2} Ibid., I, 669.

^{page 134 note 3} Dialogus, pt. I, lib. v, cap. 21.

^{page 134 note 4} …ad sanctae Romanae ecclesiae cardinales, de iure naturali et divino, aliquo modo pertinet Romani pontificis electio; et dixi aliquo modo …quia …quod ad eos totaliter pertineat, hoc est de iure positivo … Op. Gers., II, 930.Google Scholar

^{page 135 note 1} Op. Gers., II, 931,Google ScholarSee appendix of illustrative passages at the end of this paper.

^{page 135 note 2} Op. Gers., II, 936.Google Scholar

^{page 135 note 3} Ibid., 931. Cp. Ockham, , Dialogus, pt. Ill, tr. 2, lib. iii, cap. 6.Google Scholar

^{page 135 note 4} Ibid., and Ockham, ibid., cap. 8.

^{page 136 note 1} Paris, Bibliotheque Nationale, MS. latin, 14579, ff. 101–101b.

^{page 136 note 2} Op. Gers., II, 932;Google ScholarAbbreviatio, Bibl. Nat., MS. latin, 14579, f. 101b; Dialogus, pt. Ill, tr. 2, lib. iii, ca. 11 et seq.

^{page 136 note 3} Op. Gers., II, 937.Google Scholar

^{page 137 note 1} Op. Gers., II, 938.Google Scholar

^{page 137 note 2} Ibid., 939.

^{page 137 note 3} Ibid., 946.

^{page 137 note 4} Concilium generale nihil habet iuris in dignitatem pontificam, quae iuris est divini, sed in abusum dignitatis pontificiae: et idcirco, status monarchicus ecclesiae, regimine aristocratico et democratico temperatur. Op. Gers., II, 945.Google Scholar

^{page 137 note 5} He says that the view that the pope is subject to the council is sufficiently proven “ex actis in hoc sacro concilio”, but the schoolman gains the upper hand, and he proceeds, “Nihilominus adrobur et confirmationem concilii probare intendo iure naturali, divino, et humano, quod papa subest in multis casibus iudicio concilii generalis: et haec declarabo ex his quae scripsi in tractatu quern dudum compilavi de concilio generale…” Op. Gers., II, 956.Google Scholar

^{page 137 note 6} Op. Gers., II, 951.Google Scholar

^{page 138 note 1} …licet hoc idem pie credatur de concilio generate, videlicet quando innititur divinae Scripturae vel autoritati quae a Sancto Spiritu inspirata: alias saepe errasse legitur. Op. Gers., II, 958.Google Scholar