^{page 23 note 1} Hales, and Furnivall, , Bishop Percy's Folio MS. iii. 187Google Scholar; Child, , English ana Scottish Popular Ballads, iii. 331.Google Scholar The quotations given are modernised in this paper.

^{page 23 note 2} Both are given in The most Pleasant Song of the Lady Bessy, edited by J. O. Halliwell, for the Percy Society in 1847. A third version is given in Bishop Percy's Folio MS., edited by Hales, and Furnivall, , iii. 319.Google Scholar My quotations, of which the spelling is modernised, are taken from all three versions according to convenience.

^{page 27 note 1} The ballad, for instance, mentions the use of artillery at Bosworth. ‘The Schottes of gunnes were so feirce.’ This is confirmed by the fact that the balls of ‘serpentynes’ have been found on the field. On the value of the ballad see Gairdner, , Life and Reign of Richard III. ed. 1878, p. 401.Google Scholar

^{page 27 note 2} Hales, and Furnivall, , Bishop Percy's Folio MS. i. 199.Google Scholar

^{page 27 note 3} Hales, and Furnivall, , Percy MS. i. 313Google Scholar; Child, , English ana Scottish Popular Ballads, iii. 353.Google Scholar There is also a later ballad on Flodden in Deloney's Jack of Newbury published in 1597. See Child, , iii. 352Google Scholar, and Thomas Deloney, by DrSievers, Richard (Berlin, 1904), pp. 76, 182.Google Scholar

^{page 28 note 1} The King, says Hall, on receiving news of the victory, ‘thanked God, and highly praysed the Earle and the Lord Admyrall and his sonne, and all the gentlemen and commons that were at that valiante enterpryse: howbeit the kynge had a secrete letter that the Cheshyre men fledde from Syr Edmond Howarde, whyche letter caused greate harteburnynge and many woordes, but the kyng thankefully accepted al thynge, and would no man to be dispraysed.’ This is the story as given in Hall's ‘Chronicle,’ published in 1548 (ed. 1809, p. 564). ‘The Chesshire and Lancasshire men never abode stroke, and fewe of the gentlemen of Yorkshire abode, but “fled,” says a narrative amongst the State Paters.’ These were the facts the ballad had to explain.

^{page 29 note 1} A Ballade of the Scottyshe Kynge, written by John Skelton. Reproduced in facsimile, with an Introduction by John Ashton, London, 1882, p. 96. See also two other poems by the same author, viz. ‘Skelton Laureate against the Scottes,’ and ‘Howe the douty Duke of Albany lyke a cowarde knyght ran away shamefully.” Dyce, 's Skelton, i. 182Google Scholar; ii. 68.

^{page 29 note 2} Child, , iii. 334Google Scholar; Percy, , iii. 399Google Scholar. Naval Songs and Ballads (Navy Records Society, 1908), pp. xiii., 6, 341.Google Scholar

^{page 30 note 1} Froude, , History of England viii. 20.Google Scholar

^{page 30 note 2} English Works o Roger Ascham, ed. Wright, Aldis, p. xii.Google Scholar

^{page 31 note 1} Child, , English and Scottish Popular Ballads, iii. 39Google Scholar, reprints this, and supplements it by the best accessible collection of later Robin Hood ballads.

^{page 31 note 2} For the various texts of Adam Bell, see Child, , English and Scottish Popular Ballads, iii. 14.Google Scholar The earliest printed version extant appears to have been published in 1536, but only a fragment of it has survived.

^{page 32 note 1} Child, , iii. 57.Google Scholar

^{page 32 note 2} Robin Hood and the Monk,’ Child, ni. 97. From a Manuscript of about 1450.

^{page 32 note 3} Child, , iii. 77.Google Scholar

^{page 32 note 4} Child, , iii. 30.Google Scholar

^{page 33 note 1} ‘A True Tale of Robin Hood,’ 1632Google Scholar; Child, , iii. 230.Google Scholar

^{page 33 note 2} ‘A Gest of Robin Hood,’ Child, , iii. 57.Google Scholar

^{page 33 note 3} Ibid. iii. 74. The anti-clerical side is emphasised in seventeenth-century ballads such as ‘Robin Hood and the Bishop,’ and ‘Robin Hood's Golden Prize,’ Child, , iii. 191, 193, 208Google Scholar; Roxburghe Ballads, ii. 449Google Scholar; viii. 509.

^{page 35 note 1} Ballads from MSS. i. 97.Google Scholar

^{page 35 note 2} ‘The Story of Ill May Day’ was the subject of a later ballad reprinted in Johnson, 's Crown Garland of Golden Roses, part ii. p. 39 (Percy Society, 1845)Google Scholar, and in A Collection of Old Ballads, 1738, iii. 54.Google Scholar

^{page 36 note 1} See ‘Why Come ye Nat to Courte,’ Dyce, 's Skelton, ii. 26, 32, 42.Google Scholar

^{page 36 note 2} Roy, 's ‘Rede Me and be nott Wrothe,’Google Scholar reprinted in Harleian Miscellany, ed. Park, , ix. p. 30.Google Scholar

^{page 36 note 3} Furnivall, , Ballads from MSS. i. 352.Google Scholar

^{page 37 note 1} See ProfessorHerford, 's The Literary Relations of England and Germany in the Sixteenth Century, pp. 33–148.Google Scholar

^{page 37 note 2} See Fox, 's MartyrsGoogle Scholar, ed. Townsend, and Cattley, , v. 403.Google Scholar The ballad was printed in the first edition of Fox's book but suppressed in the later ones. Its author was one William Gray, on whom see also Ballads from MSS. i. 414.Google Scholar See Maitland, 's Essays on Subjects connected tuith the Reformation in England, 1849 (p. 237).Google Scholar

^{page 38 note 1} Ballads from MSS. i. 287.Google Scholar

^{page 38 note 2} ‘An Exhortacyon to the Nobylles and Commons of the Northe,’ Ballads from MSS. i. 301.Google Scholar

^{page 38 note 3} Cf. Froude, , ii. 518.Google Scholar

^{page 39 note 1} Eng. Hist. Review, 1890, p. 344.Google Scholar

^{page 39 note 2} Ballads from MSS. i. 311.Google Scholar

^{page 40 note 1} Fremde, , iii. 53.Google Scholar

^{page 40 note 2} Child, , iii. 377Google Scholar; Haies, and Furnivall, , i. 129.Google Scholar

^{page 41 note 1} Printed in Percy's Reliques (p. 308Google Scholar in Arnold Schröer's edition).

^{page 42 note 1} They are preserved in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries (Lemon, 's Catalogue of Broadsides, pp. 2–5).Google Scholar Facsimiles of all the nine are given in MrKingdon, J. A.'s Incidents in the Lives of Thomas Poyntz and Richard Grafton, 1895, p. 84.Google Scholar

^{page 42 note 2} See Schelling, , Chronicle Plays, p. 215Google Scholar, the play entitled The History of the Life and Death of Thomas Lord Cromwell, published in 1602, and Drayton's poem entitled ‘The Legend of Great Cromwell.’

^{page 42 note 3} Ballads from MSS. i. 292.Google Scholar

^{page 43 note 1} Hill, 's Boswell, i. 273.Google Scholar

^{page 43 note 2} Earl of Arundel MS. among Rawlinson MSS. in the Bodleian. Printed by Hales, and Furnivall, , iii. 470.Google Scholar

^{page 44 note 1} ‘A pleasant song between Plain Truth and Blind Ignorance,’ Deloney, 's Garland of Goodwill, Percy Society, 1851, p. 89.Google Scholar The ballad appears to have been first published in 1588. Arber, , Stationers' Register, ii. 227.Google Scholar

^{page 46 note 1} See Ellis, , Original Letters, series i. vol. ii. p. 103Google Scholar; and Letters and Papers Henry VIII. vol. xiv. part i. pp. 54, 62, 63, 92, 96, 166.Google Scholar

^{page 46 note 2} Howard, Leonard, A Collection of Letters, 1753, p. 169.Google Scholar

^{page 47 note 1} Harleian Miscellany, ed. Park, , ix. 337.Google Scholar

^{page 47 note 2} The Crown Garland, edited by Chappell, W., Percy Society, 1842.Google Scholar

^{page 47 note 3} Ibid. p. 60.

^{page 47 note 4} Hales, and Furnivall, , Percy MS. i. 37Google Scholar; Child, , iii. 195.Google Scholar

^{page 48 note 1} Crown Garland, p. 42.Google Scholar

^{page 48 note 2} Harleian Miscellany, ix. 365.Google Scholar

^{page 48 note 3} Crown Garland.

^{page 48 note 4} Ballads from MSS., i. 390.Google Scholar

^{page 48 note 5} Ballads from MSS., i. 409, 413.Google Scholar The quotation is modernised.

^{page 49 note 1} Perhaps Catherine Parr should be excepted. See Harleian Miscellany, ix. 366Google Scholar; Crown Garland, p. 60.Google Scholar

^{page 49 note 2} All nine are reprinted by Child, , iii. 372, v. 245Google Scholar; Crown Garland, p. 29.Google Scholar Fulwell is so vague that it is impossible to make out whether he is lamenting Grey, Jane or Seymour, Jane. Harleian Miscellany, ix. 366.Google Scholar