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6 A range of other terms could be used interchangeably with ‘multiple occupations’; these include secondary employment, by-employment and pluri-activity.

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8 For two notable exceptions see Samuel, Raphael, ‘’Quarry roughs”: life and labour in Headington Quarry, 1860–1920. An oral history’, in Raphael, Samuel (ed.), Village Life and Labour (London, 1975)Google Scholar and Pahl, R.E., Divisions of Labour (Oxford, 1984).Google Scholar Pahl has made claim to the diversity of the modern household economies in the Isle of Sheppey writing that ‘It is quite possible to describe households in the 1980s where the mix of work is broadly the same as it was in the thirteenth century’, p. 54.

9 For a more extensive examination of this point see Hussey, Stephen, Work, Gender and the Rural Household in England, 1918 to 1950 (Addison Wesley Longman, forthcoming).Google Scholar

10 In Steeple Bumpstead Rural District Council, for example, the 1921 census lists some 502 or 55.9% of the 898 men over the age of twelve in full-time work as having an ‘agricultural occupation’.

11 Sturt, George, Change in the Village (London, 1912)Google Scholar and Williams, Alfred, Life in a Railway Factory (London, 1915) especially pp. 120–28.Google Scholar

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15 See Ashby, A.W., ‘Farm Workers' Budgets’, Journal of Ministry of Agriculture, December 1924, January and February 1925Google Scholar‘Weekly Expenditure of Working-Class Households in the United Kingdom in 1937–38’, Ministry of Labour Gazette, February 1941, Volume XLIX;Google ScholarRowntree, B. Seebohm, Human Needs of Labour (London, 1937).Google Scholar

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28 ibid. p. 137.

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32 Juliet Stuart Poynttz in Webb and Freeman, Seasonal Trades, p. 6.

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