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Morphological variation in the Indian gooseberries (Phyllanthus emblica and Phyllanthus indofischeri) and the chloroplast trnL (UAA) intron as candidate gene for their identification

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 June 2010

N. Sangeetha ,
S. Mercy ,
M. Kavitha ,
Divya Selvaraj ,
R. Sathishkumar  and
D. Ganesh
N. Sangeetha
Affiliation:
Plant Genetic Improvement Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi627 412, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India
S. Mercy
Affiliation:
Plant Genetic Improvement Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi627 412, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India
M. Kavitha
Affiliation:
Plant Genetic Improvement Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi627 412, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India
Divya Selvaraj
Affiliation:
School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
R. Sathishkumar
Affiliation:
School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
D. Ganesh*
Affiliation:
Plant Genetic Improvement Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi627 412, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: ganeshdsneha@yahoo.co.in
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Abstract

Indian gooseberry, popularly known as amla, is harvested from two species of Phyllanthus, namely Phyllanthus emblica and Phyllanthus indofischeri. Although these two species are characterized on vegetative and reproductive features, development of reliable and authentic identification based on molecular approaches is necessary for precise identification. Most of the commercial orchards of Indian gooseberry are established with mixture of the two species. Introduction of unauthentic clones and seedlings in the establishment of orchards and differences in the growth of these two species under different elevations are the major constrains in identification. The present work aims to study the changes in vegetative and reproductive features under different elevations and to develop a simple molecular tool for precise identification of these two species based on single nucleotide polymorphisms in trnL (UAA) intron sequences of chloroplast DNA. Genomic DNA of leaf tissues of P. emblica and P. indofischeri, collected from the authentic source, was subjected to polymerase chain reaction amplification using trnL (UAA) intron gene-specific primers. The amplified product with the molecular weight of 540 bp was sequenced and used as reference for identification of these two species. The trnL (UAA) introns sequenced from 60 individual trees in three different orchards were compared with trnL (UAA) intron of authentic samples, and confirmed that these orchards have 76% population of P. indofischeri and remaining 24% is occupied by P. emblica. Thus, trnL (UAA) intron is a potential DNA marker for precise identification of these two species. The importance of the present study and its practical application in genetic improvement of Indian gooseberry are discussed.

Keywords

chloroplast DNAPhyllanthus emblicaPhyllanthus indofischerisingle nucleotide polymorphismtrnL (UAA) intron
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 8 , Issue 3 , December 2010 , pp. 191 - 197
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2010

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