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The use of proteomics for the identification of promising vaccine and diagnostic biomarkers in Plasmodium falciparum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 June 2020

Reza Mansouri
Affiliation:
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
Mohammad Ali-Hassanzadeh
Affiliation:
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
Reza Shafiei
Affiliation:
Vector-borne Diseases Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
Amir Savardashtaki
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Mohammadreza Karimazar
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Enayat Anvari
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
Paul Nguewa*
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Navarra, ISTUN Instituto de Salud Tropical, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), c/ Irunlarrea 1, 31008Pamplona, Spain
Sajad Rashidi*
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
*
Author for correspondence: Paul Nguewa, E-mail: panguewa@unav.es and Sajad Rashidi, E-mail: sajaderashidi@yahoo.com
Author for correspondence: Paul Nguewa, E-mail: panguewa@unav.es and Sajad Rashidi, E-mail: sajaderashidi@yahoo.com

Abstract

Plasmodium falciparum is the main cause of severe malaria in humans that can lead to death. There is growing evidence of drug-resistance in P. falciparum treatment, and the design of effective vaccines remains an ongoing strategy to control the disease. On the other hand, the recognition of specific diagnostic markers for P. falciparum can accelerate the diagnosis of this parasite in the early stages of infection. Therefore, the identification of novel antigenic proteins especially by proteomic tools is urgent for vaccination and diagnosis of P. falciparum. The proteome diversity of the life cycle stages of P. falciparum, the altered proteome of P. falciparum-infected human sera and altered proteins in P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes could be proposed as appropriate proteins for the aforementioned aims. Accordingly, this review highlights and proposes different proteins identified using proteomic approaches as promising markers in the diagnosis and vaccination of P. falciparum. It seems that most of the candidates identified in this study were able to elicit immune responses in the P. falciparum-infected hosts and they also played major roles in the life cycle, pathogenicity and key pathways of this parasite.

Type
Review Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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