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Trophic relationship between the invasive parasitic copepod Mytilicola orientalis and its native blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) host

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2017

M. Anouk Goedknegt ,
David Shoesmith ,
A. Sarina Jung ,
Pieternella C. Luttikhuizen ,
Jaap van der Meer ,
Catharina J. M. Philippart ,
Henk W. van der Veer  and
David W. Thieltges
M. Anouk Goedknegt*
Affiliation:
NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, and Utrecht University, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg Texel, The Netherlands
David Shoesmith
Affiliation:
NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, and Utrecht University, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg Texel, The Netherlands
A. Sarina Jung
Affiliation:
NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, and Utrecht University, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg Texel, The Netherlands
Pieternella C. Luttikhuizen
Affiliation:
NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, and Utrecht University, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg Texel, The Netherlands
Jaap van der Meer
Affiliation:
NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, and Utrecht University, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg Texel, The Netherlands
Catharina J. M. Philippart
Affiliation:
NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, and Utrecht University, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg Texel, The Netherlands
Henk W. van der Veer
Affiliation:
NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, and Utrecht University, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg Texel, The Netherlands
David W. Thieltges
Affiliation:
NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, and Utrecht University, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg Texel, The Netherlands
*
Author for correspondence: M. Anouk Goedknegt, E-mail: Anouk.Goedknegt@nioz.nl
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Abstract

Invasive parasites can spill over to new hosts in invaded ecosystems with often unpredictable trophic relationships in the newly arising parasite-host interactions. In European seas, the intestinal copepod Mytilicola orientalis was co-introduced with Pacific oysters (Magallana gigas) and spilled over to native blue mussels (Mytilus edulis), with negative impacts on the condition of infected mussels. However, whether the parasite feeds on host tissue and/or stomach contents is yet unknown. To answer this question, we performed a stable isotope analysis in which we included mussel host tissue and the primary food sources of the mussels, microphytobenthos (MPB) and particulate organic matter (POM). The copepods were slightly enriched in δ15N (mean Δ15N ± s.d.; 1·22 ± 0·58‰) and δ13C (Δ13C 0·25 ± 0·32‰) with respect to their host. Stable isotope mixing models using a range of trophic fractionation factors indicated that host tissue was the main food resource with consistent additional contributions of MPB and POM. These results suggest that the trophic relationship of the invasive copepod with its mussel host is parasitic as well as commensalistic. Stable isotope studies such as this one may be a useful tool to unravel trophic relationships in new parasite-host associations in the course of invasions.

Keywords

Parasite invasionparasite co-introductionparasite spilloverparasite-host interactionstable isotope analysis (SIA)trophic fractionation factormixing modelpacific oysterMagallana gigas
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 145 , Issue 6 , May 2018 , pp. 814 - 821
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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