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Schistosoma mansoni cercariae experience influx of macromolecules during skin penetration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 August 2009

J. THORNHILL ,
P. M. Z. COELHO ,
P. McVEIGH ,
A. MAULE ,
A. D. JURBERG  and
J. R. KUSEL
J. THORNHILL
Affiliation:
Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
P. M. Z. COELHO
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Esquistossomose, Instituto René Rachou-Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
P. McVEIGH
Affiliation:
Biomolecular Processes: Parasitology, School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
A. MAULE
Affiliation:
Biomolecular Processes: Parasitology, School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
A. D. JURBERG
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, R.J., Brazil
J. R. KUSEL*
Affiliation:
Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Level 5, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, UK. Tel: +44 (0)141 330 6968. Fax: +44 (0)141 330 4600. E-mail: j.kusel@educ.gla.ac.uk
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Summary

We have observed that when cercariae penetrate the skin of mice, there is influx into their tissues of Lucifer Yellow and certain labelled molecules of up to 20 kDa molecular weight. This observation was made using a variety of fluorescent membrane-impermeant compounds injected into the skin before the application of cercariae. This unexpected phenomenon was investigated further by transforming cercariae in vitro in the presence of the membrane-impermeant compounds and examining the distribution by microscopy. In schistosomula derived from this procedure, the nephridiopore and surface membrane were labelled while the pre- and post-acetabular glands were not labelled. The region associated with the oesophagus within the pharyngeal muscle clearly contained the fluorescent molecules, as did the region adjacent to the excretory tubules and the germinal mass. We used cercariae stained with carmine to aid identification of regions labelled with Lucifer Yellow. Although the mechanism of this influx is unclear, the observation is significant. From it, we can suggest an hypothesis that, during skin penetration, exposure of internal tissues of the parasite to external macromolecules represents a novel host-parasite interface.

Keywords

cercariafluorescent dextransin vitro transformationLucifer Yellowpropidium iodideschistosomulumskin penetration
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 136 , Issue 11 , September 2009 , pp. 1257 - 1267
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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