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Identification of Toxoplasma gondii antigens associated with different types of infection by serum antibody profiling

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 January 2015

JIIN FELGNER ,
SILVIA JUAREZ ,
CHRIS HUNG ,
LI LIANG ,
AARTI JAIN ,
MERT DÖŞKAYA ,
PHILIP L. FELGNER ,
AYŞE CANER ,
YÜKSEL GÜRÜZ  and
D. HUW DAVIES
JIIN FELGNER*
Affiliation:
Antigen Discovery Inc., Irvine, California 92618, USA
SILVIA JUAREZ
Affiliation:
University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
CHRIS HUNG
Affiliation:
University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
LI LIANG
Affiliation:
University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
AARTI JAIN
Affiliation:
University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
MERT DÖŞKAYA
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Ege University Medical School, Bornova/İzmir 35100, Turkey
PHILIP L. FELGNER
Affiliation:
University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
AYŞE CANER
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Ege University Medical School, Bornova/İzmir 35100, Turkey
YÜKSEL GÜRÜZ
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Ege University Medical School, Bornova/İzmir 35100, Turkey
D. HUW DAVIES*
Affiliation:
Antigen Discovery Inc., Irvine, California 92618, USA University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
*
*Corresponding author. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California Irvine, Rm 376D Med Surge II, Irvine, California 92697, USA. E-mail: ddavies@uci.edu
*Corresponding author. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California Irvine, Rm 376D Med Surge II, Irvine, California 92697, USA. E-mail: ddavies@uci.edu
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Summary

Acquisition of acute toxoplasmosis during the first trimester of pregnancy can have catastrophic consequences for the foetus. Diagnosis is routinely based on the detection of maternal Toxoplasma gondii – antibodies using whole parasite extracts as detection antigen. While such assays are sensitive, they show no specificity for the stage of infection. We hypothesized diagnosis might be improved using recombinant antigens for detection, particularly if antibodies to certain antigen(s) were associated with early or late stages of infection. To address this, protein microarrays comprising 1513 T. gondii exon products were probed with well-characterized sera from seronegative (‘N’) controls, and acute (‘A’), chronic/IgM-persisting (‘C/M’) and chronic (‘C’) toxoplasmosis cases from Turkey. Three reactive exon products recognized preferentially in A infections, and three recognized preferentially in C/M infections, were expressed in Escherichia coli and tested for discrimination in IgG ELISAs. The best discriminators were exon 1 of TGME49_086450 (GRA5) which detected C/M infections with 70·6% sensitivity and 81·8% specificity, and exon 6 of TGME49_095700 (ubiquitin transferase domain-containing protein) which detected A infections with 84·8% sensitivity and 82·4% specificity. Overall, the data support a recombinant protein approach for the development of improved serodiagnostic tests for toxoplasmosis.

Keywords

IgGdiagnosticstoxoplasmosisacute infection
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 142 , Issue 6 , May 2015 , pp. 827 - 838
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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