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Fasciola hepatica mucin-encoding gene: expression, variability and its potential relevance in host–parasite relationship

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 October 2015

MARTÍN CANCELA ,
GUILHERME B. SANTOS ,
CARLOS CARMONA ,
HENRIQUE B. FERREIRA ,
JOSÉ FRANCISCO TORT  and
ARNALDO ZAHA
MARTÍN CANCELA*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
GUILHERME B. SANTOS
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
CARLOS CARMONA
Affiliation:
Unidad de Biología Parasitaria, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
HENRIQUE B. FERREIRA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
JOSÉ FRANCISCO TORT
Affiliation:
Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
ARNALDO ZAHA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Cestódeos, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Caixa Postal 15053, CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. E-mail: martin@cbiot.ufrgs.br
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Summary

Fasciola hepatica is the causative agent of fasciolosis, a zoonosis with significant impact both in human and animal health. Understanding the basic processes of parasite biology, especially those related to interactions with its host, will contribute to control F. hepatica infections and hence liver pathology. Mucins have been described as important mediators for parasite establishment within its host, due to their key roles in immune evasion. In F. hepatica, mucin expression is upregulated in the mammalian invasive newly excysted juvenile (NEJ) stage in comparison with the adult stage. Here, we performed sequencing of mucin cDNAs prepared from NEJ RNA, resulting in six different cDNAs clusters. The differences are due to the presence of a tandem repeated sequence of 66 bp encoded by different exons. Two groups of apomucins one with three and the other with four repeats, with 459 and 393 bp respectively, were identified. These cDNAs have open reading frames encoding Ser-Thr enriched proteins with an N-terminal signal peptide, characteristic of apomucin backbone. We cloned a 4470 bp gene comprising eight exons and seven introns that encodes all the cDNA variants identified in NEJs. By real time polymerase chain reaction and high-resolution melting approaches of individual flukes we infer that fhemuc-1 is a single-copy gene, with at least two different alleles. Our data suggest that both gene polymorphism and alternative splicing might account for apomucin variability in the fhemuc-1 gene that is upregulated in NEJ invasive stage. The relevance of this variation in host–parasite interplay is discussed.

Keywords

F. hepaticamucinsgenetic variability
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 142 , Issue 14 , December 2015 , pp. 1673 - 1681
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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