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The current status of onchocerciasis in the forest/savanna transition zone of Côte d'Ivoire

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2004

A. G. ADJAMI ,
L. TOÉ ,
Y. BISSAN ,
S. BUGRI ,
L. YAMÉOGO ,
M. KONE ,
C. R. KATHOLI  and
T. R. UNNASCH
A. G. ADJAMI
Affiliation:
Multi Disease Surveillance Centre, World Health Organization, B.P. 549, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
L. TOÉ
Affiliation:
Multi Disease Surveillance Centre, World Health Organization, B.P. 549, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Y. BISSAN
Affiliation:
Multi Disease Surveillance Centre, World Health Organization, B.P. 549, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
S. BUGRI
Affiliation:
Multi Disease Surveillance Centre, World Health Organization, B.P. 549, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
L. YAMÉOGO
Affiliation:
African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control, World Health Organization, B.P. 549, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
M. KONE
Affiliation:
Centre Pierre Richet, B.P. 1500, Bouake 01, Côte d'Ivoire
C. R. KATHOLI
Affiliation:
Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham AL 35294, USA
T. R. UNNASCH
Affiliation:
Division of Geographic Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham AL 35294, USA
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Abstract

Onchocerca volvulus exists in at least two strains in West Africa, while its black-fly vectors consist of sibling species, dwelling in the savanna and forest/transition zones. In transition and degraded forest zones both parasite strains and different sibling species of the vector can be sympatric. The strain of parasite in infected humans and in vector black-flies was determined in two bioclimes along the Bandama river of Côte d'Ivoire. The upper Bandama is located in the savanna bioclime while the Middle Bandama is located in a degraded forest zone. At both sites, savanna-dwelling sibling species of the Simulium damnosum sensu lato species complex predominated. The severe-strain of O. volvulus was the predominant strain at both sites. However, severe-strain parasites represented a significantly larger proportion of those found in the vector population than in the human population in the degraded forest of the Middle Bandama. These data suggest that in degraded forest areas recently invaded by savanna-dwelling species of S. damnosum s.l. transmission of the severe-strain of the parasite might be more efficient than transmission of the mild-strain.

Keywords

Onchocerca volvulusSimulium damnosumstrainWest Africariver blindness
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 128 , Issue 4 , April 2004 , pp. 407 - 414
Copyright
© 2004 Cambridge University Press

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