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Contribution of silver ions to the inhibition of infectivity of Schistosoma japonicum cercariae caused by silver nanoparticles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 January 2013

YULI CHENG ,
XIAO CHEN ,
WENJIAN SONG ,
ZHENG KONG ,
PEIJING LI  and
YANQUN LIU
YULI CHENG
Affiliation:
Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
XIAO CHEN*
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
WENJIAN SONG
Affiliation:
Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
ZHENG KONG
Affiliation:
Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
PEIJING LI
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
YANQUN LIU
Affiliation:
Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
*
*Corresponding author: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China. Tel./Fax: +86 27 83692733. E-mail: chenxiao1976@yahoo.com.cn
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Summary

Blockage of pathogen transmission through water decontamination is considered an important strategy for the prevention of schistosome infection. Many believe that this strategy is feasible, but it has yet to be achieved. Silver has a long history of use as a disinfectant. With the emergence of nanotechnology, silver can be shaped into nanoparticles which have been found to possess superb antimicrobial activities. In this light, we investigated the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on Schistosoma japonicum cercariae. AgNPs rapidly induced cercarial tail-shedding, agitated behaviour and a decrease in cercarial secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Prolonged treatment was found to be cercariocidal, which nevertheless might be attributable to AgNP-induced cercarial tail loss rather than to toxicity. Higher concentrations of AgNPs (125 μg mL−1 and above) completely blocked cercarial infectivity. Despite decreased infectivity, cercariae exposed to lower concentrations of AgNPs for 30 min were still found capable of infecting hosts even without their tails, suggesting that tail loss does not necessarily signify a total loss of infective ability. We also found that silver ions (Ag+) were heavily involved in the observed cercarial responses of AgNPs. Our observations provide insight into the interactions between the larvae of helminth parasites and nanoparticles.

Keywords

Schistosoma japonicumsilver nanoparticlecercariasilver ioninfectivity
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 140 , Issue 5 , April 2013 , pp. 617 - 625
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013

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