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Corcyra and Southern Campania: new light on the first Western Greeks - Luca Antonelli, KEPKYPAIKA. RICERCHE SU CORCIRA ALTO-ARCAICA TRAIONIO E ADRIATICO (Problemi e Ricerche di Storia Antica 20, ‘L'Erma’ di Bretschneider, Rome 2000). Pp. 187, 7 maps. ISBN 88-8265-114-2. 104 euro (was Lit. 200,000). - Gianni Bailo Modesti and Patrizia Gastaldi (edd.), PRIMA DI PITHECUSA. I PIÙ ANTICHI MATERIALI GRECI DEL GOLFO DI SALERNO (Catalogo della Mostra, 29 Aprile Museo Nazionale dell'Agro Picentino. Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali; Soprintendenza Archeologica di Salerno, Avellino e Benevento; Istituto Universitario Orientale di Napoli; Comune di Pontecagnano Faiano 1999). Pp. 115, 6 col. pls., 4 tables, 23 figs. - Marisa DÉ Spagnolis, POMPEI E LA VALLE DEL SARNO IN EPOCA PREROMANA: LA CULTURA DELLE TOMBE A FOSSA (Studia Archaeologica 111, ‘L'Erma’ di Bretschneider, Rome 2001). Pp. 183,143 figs. ISBN 88-8265-146-0. 104 euro (was Lit. 200,000).

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 February 2015

David Ridgway
David Ridgway*
Affiliation:
Department of Classics, University of Edinburgh
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Journal of Roman Archaeology , Volume 15 , 2002 , pp. 355 - 362
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Copyright © Journal of Roman Archaeology L.L.C. 2002

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References

1 Malkin, I., The returns of Odysseus: colonization and ethnicity (Berkeley 1998) 74 Google Scholar.

2 Halliday, W. R., The Greek Questions of Plutarch (Oxford 1928) 63–65 Google Scholar (an earlier exchange between Halliday and M. Cary is still worth consulting: CR 40 [1926] 63-64 and 148-49); Bakhuizen, S. C., Chalcis-in-Eitboea, iron and Chalcidians abroad (Leiden 1976) 19, 22–23 Google Scholar.

3 Malkin, I., “Ithaka, Odysseus and the Euboeans in the eighth century” in Bats, M. and d'Agostino, B. (edd.), Euboica. L'Eubea e la presenza euboica in Calcidica e in Occidente (Naples 1998) 1–10 Google Scholar; see too id. (supra n.1) 74-81; Morgan, C., “Euboians and Corinthians in the area of the Corinthian Gulf,” in Euboica 281–302 Google Scholar.

4 Malkin in Euboica (supra n.3) 4; Morgan, ibid. 301.

5 Bakhuizen (supra n.2) 19. Contra: Hammond, N. G. L., “Eretria's colonies in the area of the Thermaic Gulf,” BSA 93 (1998) 393–99Google Scholar (393: “The story of the foundation [of Methone] is to be accepted as historical”; and 398: "some of the Eretrians who were the first settlers of Corcyra probably occupied the tip of the peninsula at Buthrotum on the Albanian coast, so that they controlled the Corfu Channel”).

6 Ridgway, D., The first Western Greeks (Cambridge 1992) 31–42 Google Scholar.

7 Bakhuizen (supra n.2) 43-44.

8 Murray, O., Early Greece (2nd edn., London 1993) 78–79 Google Scholar.

9 Malkin (supra n.1) 80 = id. in Euboica (supra n.3) 5, on the basis of which Antonelli estimates (34) that an Eretrian contingent arrived on Corcyra “let us say around the first quarter of the 8th century”. I have suggested elsewhere (in R. Rolle et al [edd.], Archäologische Studien in Kontaktzonen der antiken Welt [Göttingen 1999] esp. 312; id. in G. R. Tsetskhladze et al [edd.], Periplous: Papers on classical art and archaeology presented to Sir John Boardman [London 2000] esp. 237-38; id. in D. Ridgway et al. [edd.], Ancient Italy in its Mediterranean setting. Studies in honour of Ellen Macnamara [London 2000] esp. 184-85) that the Pithekoussai we know from the archaeological record on Ischia may well represent its second or even third generation.

10 Accepted, inter alios, by Dunbabin, T. J., The Western Greeks (Oxford 1948) 16 Google Scholar; Jeffery, L. H., Archaic Greece: the city-states c.700-500 B.C. (London 1976) 146 Google Scholar; Salmon, J B., Wealthy Corinth (Oxford 1984) 65 Google Scholar; Boardman, J., The Greeks overseas (4th edn., London 1999) 225 Google Scholar.

11 Rystedt, E., Early Etruscan akroteria from Acquarossa and Poggio Civitate (Murlo) (Stockholm 1983) 162 n.311 and refs. citedGoogle Scholar; Ridgway, D. in Kopcke, G. and Tokumaru, I. (edd.), Greece between East and West: 10th-8th centuries B.C. (Mainz 1992) 85–92 Google Scholar; id. and F. R. Serra Ridgway in R. D. De Puma and J. P. Small (edd.), Murlo and the Etruscans (Madison 1994) 6-15.

12 Winter, N. A., Greek architectural terracottas (Oxford 1993) 12–18 Google Scholar.

13 Winter, N. A., “The early roofs of Etruria and Greece,” in Krinzinger, F. (ed.). Die Ägaïs und das westliche Mittelmeer (Vienna 2000) 251-56 at 256 Google Scholar; see too ead., “New information concerning the early terracotta roofs of Etruria,” in Proc. XVth Int. Congress Classical Archaeology 1998 (Amsterdam 1999) 460–63Google Scholar.

14 Buchner, G. and Ridgway, D., Pithekoussai I (Rome 1993) 729–33Google Scholar (Index s.v. ‘Ceramica di pasta figulina’); Ridgway and Serra Ridgway (supra n.11) 8-13.

15 Shepherd, G., “Fibulae and females: intermarriage in the Western Greek colonies and the evidence from the cemeteries,” in Tsetskhladze, G. R. (ed.), Ancient Greeks West and East (Leiden 1999) 267–300 Google Scholar; and Coldstream, J. N., “Mixed marriages at the frontiers of the early Greek world,” OJA 12 (1993) 89–107 Google Scholar.

16 See supra n.9.

17 The following installments of the definitive publication have appeared since I reviewed Pontecagnano II-1 and II-2 at JRA 7 (1994) esp. 311–15: II-3Google Scholar, Serritella, A., Le nuove aree di necropoli del IV e III sec. a.C. (Naples 1995)Google Scholar; II-4, Gastaldi, P., La necropoli del Pagliarone (1998)Google Scholar; II-5, Modesti, G. Bailo and Salerno, A., La necropoli eneolitica (1998)Google Scholar; II-6, Cinquantaquattro, T., L'Agro Picentino e la necropoli di località Casella (2001)Google Scholar. See too Cuozzo, M., “Patterns of organisation and funerary customs in the cemetery of Pontecagnano (Salemo) during the Orientalising period,”. European Archaeology 2 (1994) 263–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar; and Pellegrino, C., “Continuità/discontinuità tra Età del Ferro e Orientalizzante nella necropoli occidentale di Pontecagnano,” AIONArchStAnt n.s. 6 (1999 [2001]) 35–58 Google Scholar.

18 Cf. Toms, J., “The relative chronology of the Villanovan cemetery of Quattro Fontanili at Veil,” AIONArchStAnt 8 (1986) 41–97 Google Scholar (74: “The pottery of Greek type was not included during seriation on the grounds that being, at least in part, exotic it would probably introduce non-chronological and nonlocal cultural variation which could adversely affect the production of a reliable sequence”).

19 See Peserico, A., “Griechische Trinkgefässe im mitteltyrrhenischen Italien,” AA 1995,425–39Google Scholar.

20 For the type see Kearsley, R., The pendent semi-circle skyphos (London 1989)Google Scholar; ead., “A pendent semicircle skyphos of the Geometric period,” in Cambitoglou, A. and Robinson, E. G. D. (edd.), Classical art in the Nicholson Museum, Sydney (Mainz 1995) 17–28 Google Scholar. More generally, see ead., “The Greek Geometric wares from Al Mina levels 10-8 and associated pottery,” MeditArch 8 (1995) 7–81 Google Scholar; and the review of the first item by Popham, M. R. and Lemos, I. S., Gnomon 64 (1992) 152–55Google Scholar.

21 Sicily (ceramica piumata) and Bologna (bronze pin): Ridgway (supra n.17) 314. Sardinia: Schiavo, F. Lo, “Bronzi nuragici nelle tombe della prima Età del Ferro di Pontecagnano,” in La presenza etnisca nella Campania meridionale (Florence 1994) 61–82 Google Scholar.

22 Coldstream, J. N., Greek Geometrie pottery (London 1968) 74–76 with pl. 13dGoogle Scholar; but see N. Kourou (infra n.24) 222.

23 Bafico, S. et al, “Fenici e indigeni a SantTmbenia (Alghero),” in Bernardini, P. et al (edd.), Phoinikes b shrdn / I Fenici in Sardegna: nuove acquisizioni (Cagliari 1997) 45-53 with 229–34, cat. nos. 10-36Google Scholar; Ridgway, D., AR 1994-95, 79–81 Google Scholar. For more skyphoi that can hardly be “p re-colonial” (from Sabine country, Latium vetus, and early Carthage), see my article in Ancient Italy (supra n.9) 187 with refs.

24 See further N. Kourou's thoughtful review of Modesti-Gastaldi, AIONArchStAnt n.s. 6 (1999 [2001]) 219-23.

25 Coldstream, J. N., “Euboean Geometric imports from the acropolis of Pithekoussai,” BSA 90 (1995) esp. 257–61Google Scholar (and 266: “the first fleet did not, so it seems, travel without its master potters”).

26 For the story so far, see (in English) Sestieri, A. M. Bietti, The Iron Age community of Osteria dell'Osa (Cambridge 1992) 21–75, esp. 62-70Google Scholar on the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age cultural process in Campania; Ridgway (supra n.6) 122-25; and, on S. Valentino Torio and S. Marzano sul Sarno (Dé Spagnolis 89-167: see below), id., AR 1981-82, 67.

27 Cf. Buchner and Ridgway (supra n.14) Piante All and BII, with pls. xxvi-xlvi, passim; Ridgway (supra n.6) 78, pl. 4.

28 There is no mention in these three books of the recent attempts by S. P. Morris and J. K. Papadopoulos to downsize Euboean achievements abroad (and even at home): see Ridgway in Ancient Italy (supra n.9), 183-85 with refs.

29 I refer to the statement by M. Bernal that his publisher would not allow him to change the title of his Black Athena because “Blacks no longer sell. Women no longer sell. But black women still sell!” (Arethusa [special issue, Fall 1989] 32).