Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xfwgj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-22T10:48:16.787Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Summit structures in Mississippian blastoids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

Harold H. Beaver ,
Alexander J. Fabian  and
Mark Palatas
Harold H. Beaver
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798
Alexander J. Fabian
Affiliation:
7016 Jackman Rd., Temperance, Michigan 48182
Mark Palatas
Affiliation:
6307 Six Mile Lane, Louisville, Kentucky 40218
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The Mississippian blastoid Pentremites Say, 1820, has three different types of summit structures. Type 1 summits are characterized by long slender plates and are present in upper Meramecian and lower-upper Chesterian beds occurring from Iowa to Alabama. Type 2 summits consist of a massive pyramidal summit composed of large toothlike plates. They occur in lower and middle Chesterian deposits located from Illinois to Kentucky. Type 3 summit structures differ greatly from Types 1 and 2, generally consisting of six to seven rectangular plates arched over each side of individual spiracles. They have been found only in middle Chesterian sediments of Kentucky. In all three types of summit structures, the plates covering the anal spiracle are the most numerous and have a specialized arrangement of plates. Some anal spiracles are covered by alternating small spikelike plates, while others display a distinct anal sac or moundlike structure consisting of many small polygonal plates. Type 2 summits have many similarities with Type 1, and may have been derived from it. Type 3 summits, however, are radically different in type of plates and in their arrangement; their origin is not known. Type 3 summits are very common in the middle Chesterian.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 74 , Issue 2 , March 2000 , pp. 247 - 253
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Beaver, H. H., Fay, R. O., Macurda, D. B. Jr., Moore, R. C., and Wanner, J. 1967. Blastoids, p. S298–S455. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Pt. S, Echinodermata 1. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Cline, L. M., and Beaver, H. H. 1951. Observations pertaining to the paleoecology of the blastoids. National Research Council, Division of Geology and Geography, Report of the Committee on a Treatise on Marine Ecology and Paleocology 1950-1951, (11) 62–71.Google Scholar
DeFrance, M. J. L. 1819. Encrines. Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelle, Strasbourg, F. G. Levrault, Paris, Le Normant, 14:467.Google Scholar
Fay, R. O., and Reimann, R. G. 1962. Some Brachiolar and Ambulacral Structures of Blastoids. Oklahoma Geology Notes, 22(2):30–49.Google Scholar
Hall, J. 1856. Descriptions of new species of fossils from the Carboniferous limestone of Indiana and Illinois. Albany Institute, Transactions, 4:4.Google Scholar
Hall, J. 1858. Paleontology of Iowa. Report Geological Survey of Iowa, 1(2):484–485, 607, 656, 690-696.Google Scholar
Hambach, G. 1903. A Revision of the Blastoidea with a proposed new classification and description of new species. St. Louis Academy of Science Transactions, 13:1–67.Google Scholar
Lyon, S. S. 1860. Descriptions of Four New Species of Blastoidea from the Subcarboniferous Rocks of Kentucky. St. Louis Academy of Science Transactions, 1(4):628–634.Google Scholar
Macurda, D. B. Jr. 1975. The Pentremites (Blastoidea) of the Burlington Limestone (Mississippian). Journal of Paleontology, 49:346–373.Google Scholar
Owen, D. D., and Shumard, B. F. 1850. Descriptions of fifteen new species of Crinoidea from the sub-Carboniferous limestone of Iowa, collected during the U. S. Geological Survey of Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota in the years 1848-1849. Academy Natural Science Philadelphia, Journal, new series, 2(1):57–70.Google Scholar
Roemer, F. 1851. Monographie der fossilen Crinoidenfamilie de Blastoideen und der Gattung Pentatremites in esonderen. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 17(1):323–397.Google Scholar
Say, T. 1820. Observations on some species of Zoophytes and Shells, principally fossil. American Journal of Science, 2(2):34–45.Google Scholar
Say, T. 1820. 1825. On two genera and several species of Crinoidea. Academy Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Journal. 1st series, 4 (2):289–296.Google Scholar
Shumard, B. F. 1858. Descriptions of new species of Blastoidea, from the Paleozoic rocks of the western states, with some observations on the summit of the genus Pentremites . St. Louis Academy Science Transactions, 1:238–248.Google Scholar
Ulrich, E. O. 1918. The formations of the Chester Series in Western Kentucky and their correlates elsewhere, p. 242. In Mississippian formations of Western Kentucky. Kentucky Geological Survey, 242.Google Scholar