^{Page 1 note 1} Gann, L. H. and Duignan, Peter, White Settlers in Tropical Africa (Harmondsworth, 1962), p. 139.Google Scholar

^{Page 1 note 2} See Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães, A estrutura na antiga sociedade portuguesa (Lisbon, 1971).Google Scholar

^{Page 1 note 3} In 1961, according to the United Nations Statistical Yearbook, 1962 (New York, 1963), p. 428, Portuguese imports (in million U.S. dollars) totalled $656, and exports came to $326, whereas the Swiss figures were $2,707 and $2,041, respectively.

^{Page 2 note 1} Seara Nova (Lisbon), 04 1974, p. 5.Google Scholar

^{Page 3 note 1} Chapman, Michael, Angola na estrada do progresso (Luanda), 1971, p. 33.Google Scholar

^{Page 3 note 2} The value of Angolan exports (in million escudos) increased from 4.7 to 19.1 between 1963 and 1973. In that year, according to the Direcção dos Serviços de Estatislica, Luanda, the most important exports (in million escudos) were oil, 5.8; coffee, 5.2; diamonds, 2; iron, 1.2; and fishery products, 0.7.

^{Page 3 note 3} The index of production has risen as follows: 1969, 72; 1970, 85; 1971, 100; 1972, 115; and 1973, 142. In that year, the value of Angola's industrial production amounted to 9.7 milliard escudos (or $468 million), notably processed food, textiles, and chemicals, in that order. Actualidade Econó;mica (Luanda), 4, 04 1974, p. 17.Google Scholar

^{Page 4 note 1} The tonnage handled by the port of Lourenço Marques, for instance, went up from 4,134,285 tons in 1955 to 13,665,799 tons in 1970.

^{Page 4 note 2} In 1972 the value of Mozambique's exports amounted to some 4.8 milliard escudos – i.e. little more than one-third of Angola's – including cashew nuts, 1.2; cotton, 0.6; sugar, 0.6; and tea, 0.3. Secretária Provincial de Comércio e Industria, A economía de Mozambique em numerous (Lourenço Marques, 1973).Google Scholar

^{Page 5 note 1} The estimated average density of the population in Angola amounted to 5 persons per square mile as against 10 in Mozambique.

^{Page 7 note 1} According to Diamang, the Company controlled a total population of 140,182 persons throughout the concelho or administrative district, being responsible for 11 hospitals and 239 medical posts, 96 schools with 145 teachers, and 5,564 registered students pursuing both technical and general studies. Between 1952 and 1973, Diamang had managed to reduce the death rate on the mines from 12.56 to 0.59 per thousand.

^{Page 9 note 1} By the beginnning of 1974 there were some 35,000 soldiers from the metropolis and 25,000 from Angola, including whites, mulattos, and blacks, who served in integrated units. In addition, the Portuguese had deployed several thousand African flechas, specially trained for counter-insurgency operations, and including many former guerrillas who had thrown in their lot with the Portuguese. In Mozambique, there were said to be between 60,000 and 70,000 men, about 40 per cent of whom came from the metropolis, while 13,000 Portuguese soldiers were in Guinea-Bissau.

^{Page 10 note 1} See, for instance, de Spínola, António, Portugal e o futuro: analise de conjuntura nacional (Lisbon, 1974);Google Scholar and Arriaga, Kaúlza de, Coragem, tenacidade e fé (Lourenço Marques, 1973).Google Scholar

^{Page 11 note 1} In early 1974, according to Portuguese military sources, a total of 969,396 was accommodated in Mozambique aldeamentos; 953 new settlements had been constructed, and a further 278 were being planned. The percentage of the population so housed was highest in the Niassa district (67 per cent), and lowest in Zambesi (16.5 per cent).

^{Page 11 note 2} Between 8 April and 8 May 1974, the guerrillas attacked 3 aldeamentos in the district of Niassa, 2 in Cabo Verde, and in Tete. These assaults resulted in 12 dead, 12 wounded, and 57 abductions, according to Portuguese military sources.

^{Page 14 note 1} In Angola between 1960–1 and 1970–1, for instance, there was an increase of schools from 2,100 to 5,500, of teachers from 4,000 to 16,000, and of students from 120,000 to 600,000. The number of hospitals and health posts more than doubled from 900 to 1,900, and their personnel rose from 820 to 2,800.

^{Page 15 note 1} In May 1974 Dr António de Almeida Santos, Minister for Inter-Territorial Co-ordination in the new provisional Government, accordingly offered a cease-fire as a basis for dialogue, a revision of trade regulations to enable the overseas territories to be paid at prevailing world market prices for their products, and an accelerated pace of self-administration, with the option of independence.

^{Page 15 note 2} Der Tagesspiegel (Berlin), 6 September 1974.