^{Page 529 note 1} Merrick, Thomas W. et al. , ‘World Population in Transition’, in Population Bulletin (Washington, D.C.), 04 1986, pp. 44–5.Google Scholar

^{Page 529 note 2} Cited in Thomas J. Goliber, ‘Sub-Saharan Africa: population pressures on development’, in ibid. 40, February 1985, p. 38.

^{Page 529 note 3} Doob, Leonard W., Communication in Africa: a search for boundaries (New Haven, 1961), pp. 56–82;Google Scholar and Uche, Luke Uka, ‘Diffusion of Major Crisis Information Among Urban and Rural Opinion Leaders in Nigeria’, in Ugboajah, Frank O. (ed.), Mass Communication, Culture and Society in West Africa (New York, 1985), pp. 250–9.Google Scholar

^{Page 529 note 4} See, for example, Moemeka, Andrew A., Local Radio: community education for development (Zaria, 1981), pp. 45–6.Google Scholar

^{Page 530 note 1} Merrick, loc. cit. pp. 12–16.Google Scholar

^{Page 530 note 2} Goliber, loc. cit. pp. 13 and 36.Google Scholar

^{Page 530 note 3} Cutright, Phillips and Kelly, William R., ‘The Role of Family Planning Programs on 1958 and 1977 Fertilty Declines in Less Developed Countries’, in International Family Planning Perspectives (New York), 7, 1981, pp. 145–51;Google ScholarMaulding, W. Parker and Berelson, Bernard, ‘Condition of Fertility Decline in Developing Countries, 1965–75’, in Studies in Family Planning (New York), 9, 05 1978, pp. 90–147;Google ScholarTsui, Amy O. and Bogue, Donald J., ‘Declining World Fertility: trends, causes, implications’, in Population Bulletin, 33, 10 1978, pp. 1–55;Google Scholar and Lapham, Robert J. and Maulding, W. Parker, ‘National Family Planning Programs: review and evaluation’ in Studies in Family Planning, 3 03 1972, pp. 29–52.Google Scholar

^{Page 530 note 4} Rogers, Everett M., Communication Strategies for Family Planning (New York, 1973), pp. 20–1;Google ScholarBongaarts, John and Menken, Jane, ‘The Supply of Children: a critical essay’ in Bulatao, Rodolfo A. and Lee, Ronald D. (eds.), Determinants of Fertility in Developing Countries (New York, 1983), pp. 27–60;Google ScholarCaldwell, John C., ‘The Economic Rationality of High Fertility: an investigation illustrated with Nigerian survey data’, in Population Studies (Aldwych), 31, 03 1977, pp. 5–27;Google Scholar and Olusanya, P. O., ‘Nigeria: cultural barriers to family planning among the Yorubas’, in Studies in Family Planning, 37, 01 1969, pp. 13–16.Google Scholar

^{Page 530 note 5} Nortman, Dorothy L., Population and Family Planning Programs: a compendium of data through 1981 (New York, 1982), p. 41.Google Scholar

^{Page 530 note 6} Goliber, loc. cit. p. 39.

^{Page 530 note 7} Caldwell, Pat and Caldwell, John C., ‘The Function of Child-Spacing in Traditional Societies and the Direction of Change’, in Hilary, Page and Ron, Lesthaeghe (eds.), Child-Spacing in Tropical Africa: traditions and change (London, 1981), pp. 73–92;Google ScholarDaramola, T. et al. , ‘Survey of Attitudes in Nigeria Toward Family Planning’, in Caldwell, John C. and Okonjo, Chukuka (eds.), The Population of Tropical Africa (New York, 1968), pp. 401–9;Google Scholar and Orubuloye, Israel O., Abstinence as a Method of British Control: fertility and child-spacing practices among rural Yoruba women in Nigeria (Canberra, 1981), pp. 52–82.Google Scholar

^{Page 531 note 1} See, for example, Wortman, Sterling and Cummings, Ralph W. Jr, To Feed This World: the challenge and the strategy (Baltimore, 1978), pp. 17–21;Google ScholarAbalu, G. O. I., ‘Solving Africa's Food Problem’, in Food Policy (Guildford), 7, 08 1982, pp. 247–56;Google Scholar and Segun Famoriyo and M. Rafique Raza, ‘The Green Revolution in Nigeria’, in ibid. 7, February 1982, pp. 27–38.

^{Page 531 note 2} ‘“Stop Population Growth”, World Leaders Urge’, in Population Today, 13, 10 1985, p. 9.Google Scholar

^{Page 531 note 3} Kigondu, G. and El-Hammamsy, L., ‘Introduction’, to ch. 10, ‘Family Planning: Social and Health Aspects: Policy Formulation and Implementation’, in Cantrelle, Pierre et al. (eds.), Population in African Development, Vol. II (Dolhain, Belguim, 1974), p. 14.Google Scholar

^{Page 531 note 4} See, for example, Becker, Gary S., Human Capital: a theoretical and empirical analysis with special reference to education (New York, 1975);Google Scholar and Schultz, Theodore W., Investing in People: the economics of population quality (Berkeley, 1982).Google Scholar

^{Page 531 note 5} Simon, Julian L., ‘Why Do We Still Think Babies Create Poverty?’, in The Washington Post, 13 10 1985.Google ScholarPubMed

^{Page 532 note 1} Schultz, op. cit.

^{Page 532 note 2} Watson, Walter B., ‘A Historical Overview’, in Watson, (ed.), Family Planning in the Developing World: a review of programs (New York, 1977), p. 2.Google Scholar

^{Page 532 note 3} Nortman, op. cit.

^{Page 532 note 4} Ibid.

^{Page 533 note 1} Sandbrook, Richard, ‘Is There Hope for Africa?’, in International Perspectives (Ottawa), 01–02 1983, p. 3.Google Scholar

^{Page 533 note 2} Federal Government of Nigeria, Second National Development Plan, 1970–74 (Lagos, 1970), p. 8.Google Scholar

^{Page 533 note 3} ‘What the World Said…’, in People (London), 11, 1984, p. 14.Google Scholar

^{Page 533 note 4} Hachten, William A., ‘A False Start for Africa's Press: an inquiry into failures of media development’, International Communication Division, Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication Convention, Memphis, Tennessee, August 1985.Google Scholar

^{Page 534 note 1} Ranganath, H. K., Using Folk Entertainments to Promote National Development (Paris, 1980), pp. 15–16.Google Scholar

^{Page 534 note 2} Mabogunje, Akin L., ‘The Thief in the Night: geography, population growth and the current national economic crisis’, 28th Annual Conference of the Nigerian Geographical Association, University of Lagos, 1 04 1985.Google Scholar

^{Page 534 note 3} Okore, A. O., ‘Rural-Urban Fertility Differentials in Southern Nigeria: an assessment of some available evidence’, in Population Studies, 34, 03 1980, pp. 171–9;Google ScholarOyediran, Muriel A. and Ewumi, E. O., ‘A Profile of Family Planning Clients at the Family Health Clinic, Lagos, Nigeria’, in Studies in Family Planning, 7, 06 1976, pp. 170–4;Google Scholar and CaIdwell, J. C. and Ware, Helen, ‘The Evolution of Family Planning in an African City: Ibadan, Nigeria’, in Population Studies, 31, 11 1977, pp. 487–507.Google Scholar

^{Page 534 note 4} Caldwell, John C. and Igun, Adenola, ‘The Spread of Anti-Natal Knowledge and Practices in Nigeria’, in Population Studies, 24, 03 1970, pp. 21–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

^{Page 535 note 1} Bormann, Ernest G., The Force of Fantasy: restoring the American dream (Carbondale, 1985), pp. 9–10.Google Scholar

^{Page 535 note 2} Arewa, E. Ojo and Dundes, Alan, ‘Proverbs and the Ethnography of Speaking Folklore’, in American Anthropologist (Washington, D.C.), 66, 1964, pp. 70–85.Google Scholar

^{Page 536 note 1} Bales, Robert F., Personality and Interpersonal Behavior (New York, 1970), p. 139.Google Scholar

^{Page 536 note 2} Tolnay, Stewart E. and Christenson, R. L., ‘The Effects of Social Setting and Family Planning Programs on Recent Declines in Developing Countries: a reassessment’, in Sociology and Social Research (Los Angeles), 69, 10 1984, pp. 72–89.Google Scholar

^{Page 537 note 1} McNamara, Robert S., ‘Time Bomb or Myth: the population problem’, in Foreign Affairs (New York), Summer 1984, p. 1124.Google Scholar