Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-qlrfm Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-11T05:20:31.210Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Si on Fe-rich intermetallic formation and mechanical properties of heat-treated Al–Cu–Mn–Fe alloys

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2017

Yuliang Zhao Open the ORCID record for Yuliang Zhao [Opens in a new window] ,
Weiwen Zhang ,
Chao Yang ,
Datong Zhang  and
Zhi Wang
Yuliang Zhao
Affiliation:
National Engineering Research Center of Near-Net-Shape Forming for Metallic Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; and School of Engineering & Computer Science, University of Hull, East Yorkshire, HU6 7RX, U.K.
Weiwen Zhang*
Affiliation:
National Engineering Research Center of Near-Net-Shape Forming for Metallic Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
Chao Yang
Affiliation:
National Engineering Research Center of Near-Net-Shape Forming for Metallic Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
Datong Zhang*
Affiliation:
National Engineering Research Center of Near-Net-Shape Forming for Metallic Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
Zhi Wang
Affiliation:
National Engineering Research Center of Near-Net-Shape Forming for Metallic Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: mewzhang@scut.edu.cn
Get access

Abstract

The effect of Si on Fe-rich intermetallic formation and the mechanical properties of the heat-treated squeeze cast Al–5.0Cu–0.6Mn–0.7Fe alloy was investigated. Our results show that increasing the Si content promotes the formation of Al15(FeMn)3(SiCu)2 (α-Fe) and varies the morphology of T (Al20Cu3Mn2), where the size decreases and the amount increases. The major reason is that Si promotes heterogeneous nucleation of the intermetallics leading to finer precipitates. Si addition significantly enhances the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the alloys. The strengthening effect is mainly owing to the dispersoid strengthening by increasing the volume fraction of the T phase and less harmful α-Fe with a compact structure, which makes it more difficult for the cracks to initiate and propagate during tensile test. The squeeze cast Al–5.0Cu–0.6Mn–0.7Fe alloy with 1.1% Si shows significantly improved mechanical properties than the alloy without Si addition, which has a tensile strength of 386 MPa, yield strength of 280 MPa, and elongation of 8.6%.

Keywords

Alcastingmicrostructure
Type
Article
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 33 , Issue 8 , 27 April 2018 , pp. 898 - 911
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Contributing Editor: Jürgen Eckert

References

REFERENCES

Hornbogen, E. and Starke, E.A. Jr.: Overview no. 102 theory assisted design of high strength low alloy aluminum. Acta Metall. Mater. 41, 1 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Z., Qu, R.T., Scudino, S., Sun, B.A., Prashanth, K.G., Louzguine-Luzgin, D.V., Chen, M.W., Zhang, Z.F., and Eckert, J.: Hybrid nanostructured aluminum alloy with super-high strength. NPG Asia Mater. 7, 1 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaufman, J.G. and Rooy, E.L.: Aluminum Alloy Castings: Properties, Processes, and Applications (ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2004); p. 13.Google Scholar
Gaustad, G., Olivetti, E., and Kirchain, R.: Improving aluminum recycling: A survey of sorting and impurity removal technologies. Resour., Conserv. Recycl. 58, 79 (2012).10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.10.010CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cui, J.R. and Roven, H.J.: Recycling of automotive aluminum. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 20, 2057 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, J.A.S.: Aluminum Recycling and Processing for Energy Conservation and Sustainability (ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007); p. 92.Google Scholar
US Department of the Interior & US Geological Survey: Aluminum—Mineral Commodity Summaries 2016 (U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, 2016); p. 22.Google Scholar
Zhang, M., Zhang, W.W., Zhao, H.D., Zhang, D.T., and Li, Y.Y.: Effect of pressure on microstructures and mechanical properties of Al–Cu–based alloy prepared by squeeze casting. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 17, 496 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belov, N.A., Aksenov, A.A., and Eskin, D.G.: Iron in Aluminum Alloys: Impurity and Alloying Element (CRC Press, London, 2002); p. 1.Google Scholar
Zhang, L.F., Gao, J.W., Damoah, L.N.W., and Robertson, D.G.: Removal of iron from aluminum: A review. Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. 33, 99 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, Q.L., Slagsvold, M., and Holmedal, B.: Comparison of the influence of Si and Fe in 99.999% purity aluminum and in commercial-purity aluminum. Scr. Mater. 67, 217 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mondolfo, L.F.: Aluminum Alloys: Structure and Properties (Butterworths, London, 1976); p. 8.Google Scholar
Liu, K., Cao, X., and Chen, X.G.: Tensile properties of Al–Cu 206 cast alloys with various iron contents. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 45, 2498 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, K., Cao, X., and Chen, X.G.: Effect of Mn, Si, and cooling rate on the formation of iron-rich intermetallics in 206 Al–Cu cast alloys. Metall. Mater. Trans. B 43, 1231 (2012).10.1007/s11663-012-9694-7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamguo, H.K., Larouche, D., Bournane, M., and Rahem, A.: Solidification of aluminum–copper B206 alloys with iron and silicon additions. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 41, 2845 (2010).Google Scholar
Kamga, H.K., Larouche, D., Bournane, M., and Rahem, A.: Mechanical properties of aluminium–copper B206 alloys with iron and silicon additions. Int. J. Cast Met. Res. 25, 15 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, F., Zeng, Y.Q., Xiong, B.Q., Zhang, Y.G., Li, X.W., Li, Z.H., and Liu, H.W.: Effect of Si addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al–Cu–Mg alloy. J. Alloys Compd. 585, 474 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, K., Cao, X., and Chen, X.G.: Formation and phase selection of iron-rich intermetallics in Al–4.6Cu–0.5Fe cast alloys. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 44, 682 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, K., Cao, X., and Chen, X.G.: Precipitation of iron-rich intermetallic phases in Al–4.6Cu–0.5Fe–0.5Mn cast alloy. J. Mater. Sci. 47, 4290 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, W.W., Lin, B., Zhang, D.T., and Li, Y.Y.: Microstructures and mechanical properties of squeeze cast Al–5.0Cu–0.6Mn alloys with different Fe content. Mater. Des. 52, 225 (2013).10.1016/j.matdes.2013.05.079CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, W.W., Lin, B., Fan, J.L., Zhang, D.T., and Li, Y.Y.: Microstructures and mechanical properties of heat-treated Al–5.0Cu–0.5Fe squeeze cast alloys with different Mn/Fe ratio. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 588, 366 (2013).10.1016/j.msea.2013.09.043CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, Y.L., Luo, L., Han, C.F., Ou, L.Y., Wang, J.J., and Liu, C.Z.: Effect of Fe, Si and cooling rate on the formation of Fe- and Mn-rich intermetallics in Al–5Mg–0.8Mn alloy. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 32, 305 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shakiba, M., Parson, N., and Chen, X.G.: Effect of iron and silicon content on the hot compressive deformation behavior of dilute Al–Fe–Si alloys. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 24, 404 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El Majid, S.A., Bamberger, M., and Katsman, A.: Microstructure and Phase Evolution in A201 Alloys with Additions of Silicon (Light Metals 2016, TMS, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Nashville, Tennessee 2016); p. 127.Google Scholar
She, H., Chu, W., Shu, D., Wang, J., and Sun, B.D.: Effects of silicon content on microstructure and stress corrosion cracking resistance of 7050 aluminum alloy. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 24, 2307 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitlin, D., Morris, J.W., and Radmilovic, V.: Catalyzed precipitation in Al–Cu–Si. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 31, 2697 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, D.T.L. and Greer, A.L.: Nucleation of the Al6(Fe,Mn)-to-α-Al–(Fe,Mn)–Si transformation in 3XXX aluminum alloys. I. Roll-bonded diffusion couples. Philos. Mag. 84, 3051 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, Y., Zhang, W., Zhao, H., You, H., Zhang, D., Shao, M., and Zhang, W.: Research progress on squeeze casting in China. China Foundry 11, 239 (2014).Google Scholar
Souissi, N., Souissi, S., Lecompte, J.P., Amar, M.B., Bradai, C., and Halouani, F.: Improvement of ductility for squeeze cast 2017 A wrought aluminum alloy using the Taguchi method. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 78, 2069 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lü, S.L., Wu, S.S., Wan, L., and An, P.: Microstructure and tensile properties of wrought Al alloy 5052 produced by rheo-squeeze casting. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 44, 2735 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dai, W., Wu, S.S., Lü, S.L., and Lin, C.: Effects of rheo-squeeze casting parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of AlCuMnTi alloy. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 538, 320 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, S.Z., Ji, Z.H., Sumio, S., and Hu, M.L.: Segregation behavior of ADC12 alloy differential support formed by near-liquidus squeeze casting. Mater. Des. 65, 591 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shalaby, E.A.M., Churyumov, A.Y., Solonin, A.N., and Lotfy, A.: Preparation and characterization of hybrid A359/(SiCpSi3N4) composites synthesized by stir/squeeze casting techniques. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 674, 18 (2016).10.1016/j.msea.2016.07.058CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, Y.X., Chen, W.P., Yang, C., Zhu, D.Z., and Li, Y.Y.: Effects of metallic Ti particles on the aging behavior and the influenced mechanical properties of squeeze-cast (SiCp + Ti)/7075Al hybrid composites. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 620, 190 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dinnis, C.M., Taylor, J.A., and Dahle, A.K.: As-cast morphology of iron-intermetallics in Al–Si foundry alloys. Scr. Mater. 53, 955 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muggerud, A.M.F., Mørtsell, E.A., Li, Y., and Holmestad, R.: Dispersoid strengthening in AA3XXX alloys with varying Mn and Si content during annealing at low temperatures. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 567, 21 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vo, N.Q., Dunand, D.C., and Seidman, D.N.: Improving aging and creep resistance in a dilute Al–Sc alloy by microalloying with Si, Zr, and Er. Acta Mater. 63, 73 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, D.T.L. and Greer, A.L.: Solid-state intermetallic phase transformations in 3XXX aluminum alloys. Acta Mater. 50, 2571 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, Y.L., Meng, F.S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, D.T., Yang, C., and Zhang, W.W.: Effect of Si content on microstructures and mechanical properties of Al–5.0Cu–0.6Mn–0.7Fe alloy prepared by squeeze casting. Chin. J. Nonferrous Met. 25, 3041 (2015). (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Lin, B., Zhang, W.W., Lou, Z.H., Zhang, D.T., and Li, Y.Y.: Comparative study on microstructures and mechanical properties of the heat-treated Al–5.0Cu–0.6Mn–xFe alloys prepared by gravity die casting and squeeze casting. Mater. Des. 59, 10 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lemieux, A., Langlais, J., Bouchard, D., and Chen, X.G.: Effect of Si, Cu and Fe on mechanical properties of cast semi-solid 206 alloys. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 20, 1555 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cáceres, C.H.: Microstructure design and heat treatment selection for casting alloys using the quality index. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 9, 215 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cáceres, C.H.: A rationale for the quality index of Al–Si–Mg casting alloys. Int. J. Cast Met. Res. 10, 293 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, Y.J. and Arnberg, L.: Quantitative study on the precipitation behavior of dispersoids in DC-cast AA3003 alloy during heating and homogenization. Acta Mater. 51, 3415 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brandes, E.A. and Brook, G.B.: Smithells Metals Reference Book, 7th ed. (Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd, Oxford, 1992); pp. 22–49.Google Scholar
Knipling, K.E., Dunand, D.C., and Seidman, D.N.: Criteria for developing castable, creep-resistant aluminum-based alloys—A review. Z. Metallkd. 97, 246 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar